Susan Pierce
Samuel Ramos
Nancy Shaw
DIRECTIONS IN DISTANCE EDUCATION
FOR THE K-12 CLASSROOM
INTRODUCTION
In our ever changing world, electronics is always
evolving, as we see traditional televisions
replaced by plasma t.v.’s. For entertainment,
the old eight track player is now succeeded by
MP3 players and now IPOD’s. The way we
learn, by attending a classroom in a College or
University is being modified by the means of
Distance learning.
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INTRODUCTION
Distance learning is a field of education that
centers on the pedagogy and andragogy,
technology and instruction systems design that
wish to present education to students who are
not physically on site. Rather than attending
courses in person, teachers and students may
communicate at times of their own.
3
INTRODUCTION
Choosing by switching printed or electronic
media, or through technology that allows them
to communicate in real-time and through online
ways. Distance education courses that demand
a physical on-site presence for any reason
including the taking of examinations is
considered to be hybrid or fused courses of
study. (Wikipedia.org)
4
???
Quiz
By using technology, employees are then
trained. This ensures a return on what a
company invests on its employees. What
is ROI? What do the letters ROI stand for?
1. Realize outstanding individuals
2. Return on Investment
3. Renew Ongoing Instruction
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LEADING QUESTIONS
What
Who
When
Why
Where
How
6
Who
PIONEERS
Sir Isaac Pitman
Anna Ticknor
J. Richard Gividen
7
What
Beginning Stages
1874
Wesleyan University
1882
Chautauqua
1926
National Home Study Council
1920’s Radio
1940’s TV
The Flying Classroom
8
???
Quiz
In 1926, what was the one of the
organizations formed that began to push
for distance learning?
1. ACLU
2. National Home Study Council
3. Technology Integration Planning
9
What
Characteristics
Fast access information
Access to experts
Fast communication to groups
Communication capabilities support collaboration
Access to learning material
Access to courses not locally available
Access to education for homebound students
Increased interaction among students & teachers
10
???
Quiz
What is not a characteristic of Distance
Learning?
1. Access to experts – not found locally
2. Any book published, now accessible on
PDF
3. Access to homebound students, due to
illness, or disability.
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What
Delivery Systems
Dale’s Cone of Experience
Telecourses
Web-based courses
Video-conferencing
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What
Types of Distance Learning
Student research
Online classroom materials
Web-based lessons
Virtual courses and programs
John Dewey’s mode of LEARNING BY DOING is at the
heart of Distance learning. Finding out for oneself,
playing with information is the central theme.
13
???
Quiz
John Dewey’s MODE of learning by doing,
means:
1. Information can be condensed on
flash drives
2. Data can be lost, backup copies are
essential
3. Finding out for oneself, working with
information is the central theme.
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What
Advantages
Expressive and experiential potential
Customization
Attend college course according to your own schedule.
Complete much or all of your education via the internet
An online degree can be earned with 2-3 years
Online degree curriculums considers current industry
trends, leading to greater opportunities for employment or
career improvement
Coursework may be utilized immediately to your work
settings.
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What
Disadvantages
Possibility of Isolation
1956 Gayle Childs Study
2001 Carol Twigg Study
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???
Quiz
What is not an advantage of Distance
Learning?
1. Attend college courses at your own
schedule
2. Reinforces individual isolation
3. Coursework may be utilized
immediately to your environment.
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???
Quiz
Which of the following is NOT Web 2.0
1. Blog
2. Wiki
3. Facs machine
4. email
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What
What is Distance Learning Like Now?
Course Management System
Site capturing software
Intranets
SmartBoard
Web CT
BlackBoard
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When
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Why
Technology’s Impact on Learning
Department of Education Forum (1995)
Positive effects
 on attitude toward learning
 on self -concept
 on collaborative learning
 on student centered learning
 on change: evolutionary (not revolutionary)
 on interaction among students
 between students and teachers
 on student achievement
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Why
The Evolution of Distance Education: Implications for Instructional
Design on the Potential of the Web
Jason Huett, Leslie Moller, Wellesley R Foshay, Craig Coleman.
TechTrends. Washington: Sep/Oct 2008. Vol. 52, Iss. 5; pg. 63, 5 pgs
Distance education is for students who
have social commitments
are being home-schooled
live in rural areas
are hospitalized
are homebound
require flexible hours for employment,
are incarcerated
who want to enrich their education
are traveling
have difficulty in regular classrooms
are in need of courses not offered during the regular school day
Jason Huett, Leslie Moller, Wellesley R Foshay, Craig Coleman. (2008). The Evolution of Distance Education: Implications for
Instructional Design on the Potential of the Web. TechTrends, 52(5), 63-67. Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education
Journals database. (Document ID: 1608653391).
22
How
Topics to Consider Before We Begin
How Will School be Affected by a Distance Education
Program?
The changing role of the instructor: coach vs expert
What goes into designing a distance education course?
Technical Considerations –
state of technology in the school
Hardware
software
Digital divide issues: is there internet at home?
Teacher willingness and preparedness
Student level of readiness:
Information literacy
Digital citizenship
Netiquette
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Why
THE ISTE WEBSITE
Because educational software is at school, not at home.
Project based learning
Web 2.0 (blogs, wikis
Envisioning the Future of Education and Technology
Innovative Learning Technologies
Digital Citizenship
Virtual Schools and Online Learning
Bull, G. and Ferster, B. (2005-2006). Ubiquitous Computing in a Web 2.0 World.
Learning & Leading with Technology, vol. 33, no.4 retrieved April 15, 2009, from
http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/LL/LLIssues/Volume_33_2006_2005_/December_January_No_4_1/DecemberJanuary_2005-2006.htm
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How
Project-Based Learning
3. Research and Information Fluency
Students apply digital tools to gather,
evaluate, and use information.
K-5 Technology Standards (5.a.4)
2nd Grade All About Animal
Research and Publication Project
NETS
An emerald tree boa protects its eggs by
doing his body into a circle.
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Why
Learning is FUN
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Why
Accomplishment
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How
Web 2.0
Blogs – between teacher and student
Bookmarking – portaportal – delicious
E-pals
Podcasting – MP3 player - ipod
RSS
Skype
ThinkQuest - contest
Webquest and Quest Garden
Videoconferencing
Wikis
http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/EducatorResources/YourLearningJourney/Web20/A_Day_In_the_Life_of_Web_2_0.pdf
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How
We Need a Plan: An Instructional Design
Approach for Distance Education Courses
Michael Simonson, Charles Schlosser. Distance Learning. Greenwich: 2004. Vol. 1, Iss. 4; pg. 29, 10 p
Twelve Golden Rules
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
http://proquest.umi.com.lbproxy8.touro.edu/pqdweb?index=12&sid=1&srchmod
e=3&vinst=PROD&fmt=4&startpage=1&clientid=14844&vname=PQD&RQT=309&did=809
428191&scaling=FULL&ts=1239992905&vtype=PQD
&aid=1&rqt=309&TS=1239992959&clientId=14844
&cc=1&TS=1239992959
Good teaching matters.
Each medium has its own aesthetic.
Education technologies are flexible.
There is no "super-technology.”
Make all four media available to teachers and learners:
Print, audio, television, and computers.
6. Balance variety with economy.
7. Interaction is essential.
8. Student numbers are critical. How many will use it?
9. New technologies are not necessarily better than old ones.
10. Teachers need training to use technology effectively.
11. Teamwork is essential: subject matter experts, instructional designers, and
media specialists
12. Technology is not the issue. How and what we want the learners to learn is the
issue and technology is a tool (p. 833)
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How
Digital Portfolios
E-Portfolio
Assignments
Author studies
American Presidents and/or World Leaders
Science Lab results
End of Semester
Digital renditions of artwork completed over time
Showcase achievements
Reflect on work and share thoughts
Graduation
 Digital proof of accomplishments over time
 Part of college application
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How
Delivery
Relevant Content
Clear Directions
Control the pace of Learning
WebCT Communities
E-Portfolio
BlackBoard
Cable in the Classroom
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How
Instructional Design Elements
learning objectives are clear
Lessons are based on curriculum and technology
standards
Activities are engaging
Students collaborate
supportive online learning community
i.e. good teacher-student rapport
Frequent feedback
Assessment – how the students did
Evaluation – what worked, where is there room for
improvement?
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???
Quiz
When planning a distance education
course, which topic should be
considered?
1. State of technology in the school
2. Teacher Preparedness
3. Student readiness
4. All of the above
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How
DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING
ENVIRONMENTS: A Knowledge Base for K-12 Teachers
Mary Corwin Herring. Quarterly Review of Distance Education.
Greenwich: Winter 2004. Vol. 5, Iss. 4; pg. 231, 13 pgs
Learning guide or facilitator roles for teachers
 Training needs of students to implement learning strategies
 Embedding of assessment within the learning process
 Creation and facilitation of problem-based learning
 Multiple approaches to knowledge development

http://www.touro.edu.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/library/commerdb/proxyTC.asp?http://proquest.umi.com.lbproxy8.touro.edu/pqdweb?did=844312261&sid=1&Fmt=4&clientId=14844&RQT=309&VName=PQD
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How
Douglas A. Kranch
Douglas A Kranch. (2008). GETTING IT RIGHT GRADUALLY: An Iterative
Method for Online Instruction Development. Quarterly Review of
Distance Education, 9(1), 29-34. Retrieved April 17, 2009, from
ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1669673431).
GETTING IT RIGHT GRADUALLY: An Iterative Method for Online Instruction
Development
Douglas A Kranch. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: 2008.
Vol. 9, Iss. 1; pg. 29, 6 pgs
35
How
Jolly T. Holden – Philip Westfall
Jolly T Holden, Philip J-L Westfall. (2006). Instructional Media Selection
for Distance Learning: A Learning Environment Approach. Distance
Learning, 3(2), 1-11. Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education
Journals database. (Document ID: 1269843581).
Instructional Media Selection for Distance Learning: A Learning Environment
Approach
Jolly T Holden, Philip J-L Westfall. Distance Learning. Greenwich: 2006. Vol. 3,
Iss. 2; pg. 1, 11 pgs
36
How
Tammy Ronsisvalle – Ryan Watkins
Tammy Ronsisvalle, Ryan Watkins. (2005). STUDENT SUCCESS IN
ONLINE K-12 EDUCATION. Quarterly Review of Distance
Education, 6(2), 117-124,184. Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest
Education Journals database. (Document ID: 975609501).
STUDENT SUCCESS IN ONLINE K-12 EDUCATION
Tammy Ronsisvalle, Ryan Watkins. Quarterly Review of Distance Education.
Greenwich: Summer 2005. Vol. 6, Iss. 2; pg. 117, 9 pgs
37
How
Exemplary Implementation
WebCT Communities and Blackboard – Exemplary Course Projects
e-Commerce
Introduction to Online Learning (2006)
Nursing
University
38
How
Rubric
Social/Rapport-building Designs for Interaction
Instructional Designs for Interaction
Interactivity of Technology Resources
Evidence of Learner Engagement
Evidence of Instructor Engagement
http://www.csuchico.edu/celt/roi/
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READINGS
Risa Blair, Lyndon Godsall. (2006). ONE SCHOOL'S EXPERIENCE IN
IMPLEMENTING E-PORTFOLIOS: Lessons Learned. Quarterly Review of Distance
Education, 7(2), 145-153,225-226. Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest
Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1269827061).
Mary Corwin Herring. (2004). DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED
DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: A Knowledge Base for K-12
Teachers. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 5(4), 231-242,309. Retrieved
April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document
ID: 844312261).
40
Slide
Title
URL
21
Department of Education Forum (1995)
http://www.nsba.org/sbot/toolkit/tiol.html#Impact
23
Virtual Schools and Online Learning
Threshhold Magazine – Cable in the Classroom
http://www.ciconline.org/thresholdfall08
23
Bull, G. and Ferster, B. (2005-2006).
Ubiquitous Computing in a Web 2.0 World.
Learning & Leading with Technology,
vol. 33, no.4 retrieved April 15, 2009)
http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Publication
s/LL/LLIssues/Volume_33_2006_2005_/December_Jan
uary_No_4_1/December-January_2005-2006.htm
24
K-5 Technology Standards
Chatham Elementary School, Chatham, IL
http://ces.bcsd.k12.il.us/Technology%20Docs/Technolog
y%20Standards/K-5%20Tech%20Standards.pdf
24
ISTE National Educational Technology Standards
http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/NETS/ForS
tudents/2007Standards/NETS_for_Students_2007_Stan
dards.pdf
27
Blogs – between teacher and student
Bookmarking – portaportal – delicious
E-pals
Podcasting – MP3 player - ipod
RSS
Skype
ThinkQuest
Videoconferencing
WebQuest and Quest Garden
Wikis
http://edublogs.org/
http://www.portaportal.com and http://delicious.com/
http://www.epals.com
http://www.podcastforteachers.org/
http://www.skype.com/?cm_mmc=google/latsearch-_NA-US|EN|STRCT-_-BD-_kwid=JFT008286|creative=3099817589
http://www.thinkquest.org
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow6/nov98/index.html
http://www.webquest.org/index.php
http://questgarden.com
http://www.wikispaces.com/site/for/teachers
41
Slide
Title
URL
28
Simonson, M., and Schlosser, C. (2004).
We Need a Plan – An Instructional Design
Approach for Distance Education Courses
Distance Learning. Volume 1, issue 4
ProQuest Education Journals – p.29
http://www.nsba.org/sbot/toolkit/tiol.html#Impact
29
Electronic Portfolios
OPEN SOURCE
http://electronicportfolios.org/blog/2007/10/opensource-eportfolio-systems.html
30
Rubric
http://www.csuchico.edu/celt/roi/
Roblyer
Chapters 7 and 8
http://wps.prenhall.com/chet_roblyer_integrate_4/38/97
96/2508006.cw/index.html
9
ISTE National Educational Technology Standards
http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/NETS/ForS
tudents/2007Standards/NETS_for_Students_2007_Stan
dards.pdf
9
E-pals
ThinkQuest
WebQuest
Quest Garden
http://www.epals.com
http://www.thinkquest.org
http://webquest.org/index.php
http://questgarden.com/
11
Blogs – between teacher and student
Bookmarking – portaportal - delicious
Podcasting – MP3 player - ipod
RSS
Skype
Videoconferencing
Wikis
http://edublogs.org/
http://www.portaportal.com and http://delicious.com/
http://www.podcastforteachers.org/
http://www.skype.com/?cm_mmc=google/latsearch-_NA-US|EN|STRCT-_-BD-_kwid=JFT008286|creative=3099817589
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow6/nov98/index.html
http://www.wikispaces.com/site/for/teachers
42
APA STYLE
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title
of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume
number(issue number if available). Retrieved month
day, year, (if necessary) from
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living
Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites,
149. Retrieved May 2, 2006, from
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving
43