Great Doctrines Lesson 4 Lesson Text—Psalm 93:1-3 Psalm 93:1-3 1 The LORD reigneth, he is clothed with majesty; the Lord is clothed with strength, wherewith he hath girded himself: the world also is stablished, that it cannot be moved. 2 Thy throne is established of old: thou art from everlasting. 3 The floods have lifted up, O LORD, the floods have lifted up their voice; the floods lift up their waves. Lesson Text—Psalm 93:4-5 Psalm 93:4-5 4 The LORD on high is mightier than the noise of many waters, yea, than the mighty waves of the sea. 5 Thy testimonies are very sure: holiness becometh thine house, O LORD, for ever. Focus Verse—Psalm 90:2 Psalm 90:2 Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God. Focus Thought The nature of God is beyond our full comprehension, but what we do know of Him—that He is selfexistent, transcendent, sovereign, omniscient, and almighty—is a source of comfort and praise. Introduction I. God Is Self-Existent Frequently, when individuals attempt to describe God, they slip into the use of philosophical terminology rather than scriptural language. Someone has described theology as the intersection of philosophy and Scripture. Philosophical considerations often tend to overwhelm Scripture. For this reason, Paul warned against the deceptiveness of philosophy (Colossians 2:8). I. We are limited in our God Is Self-Existent understanding of God by the limitations of human language. No words are sufficient to fully and accurately describe the magnificence of the Lord. He has revealed many things about Himself, but we can perceive only what we can describe and can describe only what our language can encompass. We are further limited by the scope of human ability to understand language itself. I. Trying to comprehend and describe God is comparable to a God Is Self-Existent person trying to pour five gallons of liquid into a half-pint container. One could get the essence of the whole, but never encompass its totality. Since humanity is incapable of comprehending or describing God in His fullness, God has revealed Himself to us. This revelation is sufficient to allow humans to develop a proper relationship with Him. By His revelation He has let us know the proper way to approach Him and how to relate to His ways. God Is Self-Existent I. God Is Self-Existent When God revealed Himself to Moses in the burning bush, He identified Himself as “I AM” (Exodus 3:14). This designation for God encompasses the idea of God existing eternally and without creation by another—the selfexistent One. I. God is the uncreated “First God Is Self-Existent Cause.” He is neither created by nor derived from any prior existence. He is the answer to the question, “Where did everything come from?” The “big bang” theory and others like it presuppose the existence of “something” in the beginning of all things. Whatever the mechanics of creation may have been, God is the self-existent beginning of all things. A. God Is Eternal A. God Is Eternal “Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God” (Psalm 90:2). I. As creatures of time, bound by God Is Self-Existent strictures of time, it is practically impossible for an individual even to conceive of the idea of eternity. Mankind’s own experiences and lifespan tend to control and limit his personal concept of the duration of time. He may intellectually grasp the idea of past millennia, but his real perception is more in line with the idea of “threescore years and ten” presented in Psalm 90:10. I. GodGod, Is Self-Existent on the other hand, is not bound by time because He created it. Time is irrelevant to His existence. With neither beginning nor end, He neither ages nor changes. B. God Is Self-Revealing B. God Is Self-Revealing “Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them. For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse” (Romans 1:19-20). I. Through the centuries God Is Self-Existent mankind has devised all manner of ideas concerning the nature of God. Usually the concepts of individuals were at best skewed and more often absolutely wrong. But God has revealed Himself through nature, theophanies, the written Word, the Incarnation, and the infilling of His Spirit. C. God Is Self-Sustaining C. God Is Self-Sustaining “If I were hungry, I would not tell thee: for the world is mine, and the fulness thereof” (Psalm 50:12). I. God does not need anyone or God Is Self-Existent anything. He is the creator and owner of everything. There is nothing that any individual or all individuals can add to Him. Further, if He had a need, it would be futile for Him to ask us for assistance. Anything we could provide Him is already His for the taking and using. (See Psalm 24:1-2; 89:11; 115:15-16.) God Is Transcendent II. God Is Transcendent A. God Is Not Limited by Space or Time God is everywhere in His fullness continually; there is no “present moment” into which He is locked as are we. Theologians refer to God’s freedom from limits and boundaries as His infinity, His immensity, and His transcendence. I. The idea of past, present, and future poses no restrictions on God. God Is Self-Existent With God, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are still alive in His presence (Matthew 22:32; Mark 12:26-27; Luke 20:37-38), the devil is already defeated, and His church is victorious and with Him in eternity. It is no great feat for God to reveal the very moment of creation, the end of all things, and the process between the two events with unfailing accuracy. All of the events framed by time as we mortals perceive it is to God as if it were eternal, present tense. the same token by of Space A. God IsByNot Limited understanding, all places are or“here” Timein the equally comprehension of God. This is one reason God can hear all prayers at once whether those who are praying are inches or miles apart. Multiple emergencies do not stress or test the limits of God because He suffers no restrictions relative to His location, time, or any other such human limitation. B. God Is Immutable B. God Is Immutable “For I am the LORD, I change not; therefore ye sons of Jacob are not consumed” (Malachi 3:6). I. God does not change. Styles and God Is Self-Existent fashions change. Fads come and go. Types of governments rise and fall. Social theories wax and wane. What is “hot” cools down and something else takes its place. Religious ideas morph and shift, but God remains ever the same. No matter who sits on the earthly thrones or who is trodden down by human governments, God is unchanged in His plan, purpose, and power (James 1:17). C. God Is a Spirit C. God Is a Spirit “Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have” (Luke 24:39). “God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth” (John 4:24). I. As to the essential nature and being of God, He is not physical as God Is Self-Existent we perceive human identity. The best way to describe the essence of His being is as a Spirit. Jesus Himself pointed this out to the Samaritan woman. (See John 4:24.) Then, after His resurrection Jesus emphasized the fact of His physical existence as opposed to being only a Spirit. The laws of physics and other sciences that regulate the perceivable creation, such as those discovered and identified by Newton and Einstein, do not apply to a spirit, so physical laws do not bind or limit God. I. That God is a Spirit impacts the God Is way Self-Existent proper for mankind to approach Him. For instance, our physical activities do not impress Him. It is not enough for a person to go through a set of motions or follow rituals in the worship of God. Just going through physical moves and saying the right words is insufficient to appropriately engage the Creator of all things. I. To properly draw near to the Holy God Is Self-Existent One of Israel, it is necessary to engage the deeper part of our being—our human soul and spirit. Although God reached out to mankind by taking on human flesh (John 1:14; I Timothy 3:16), we must reach out to Him from the depths of our spirits. No flesh shall glory in His presence (I Corinthians 1:29; I Peter 1:24). We can best approach Him from our inner being. God Is Sovereign III. God Is Sovereign A. God Is on the Throne The vision of God ruling His kingdom from a throne recurs time and again in Scripture. (See I Kings 22:19; Psalm 11:4; 45:6; 47:8-9; Isaiah 6:1; Ezekiel 1:26; Daniel 7:9; Hebrews 12:2; Revelation 3:21; 4:2.) This imagery speaks to us of God’s majesty, authority, and power. God alone rules without the need to consider the wishes or power of others. A. As He is the sovereign of all eternity, God Is on the Throne none can rightfully question His authority or actions: “What doest thou?” (Job 9:12; Ecclesiastes 8:4; Daniel 4:35). In Him is all authority and power over all things of heaven and earth. B. Mankind and Angels Are B. Mankind and Angels Are Free Moral Agents Free Moral Agents By His sovereign act God has given the gift of choice both to mankind and the angels. We know this freedom of choice as mankind’s free moral agency. However, that God has given mankind the power of choice by no means limits the final decision regarding all things, which remains with God. In other words, we may make our decisions, but the final disposition of all matters lies ultimately with God. A. Adam and Eve had the freedom to God Istoon the Throne choose disobey God’s plan. Lucifer and his cohorts were able to choose to rebel against God. However, the results of their decisions are continuing to play out on the world’s stage even to this day. In the end, God will call all these and all mankind into the ultimate account for their choices and actions. He alone will determine the appropriate action to take in relation to the decisions of mankind. C. God Exercises His C. God Exercises His Sovereignty Sovereignty God exercises His sovereignty by overruling others as a planned means to His own divine goals (Acts 2:23; 13:26-39). One way He guides events is by determining the length of individual lives. (See Genesis 5:20; II Samuel 14:14; Job 14:5; Ecclesiastes 8:8; Hebrews 9:27.) God also exercises His sovereignty by using His unparalleled knowledge and wisdom. He can so arrange events that the A. outcome God Isofon thethe freeThrone choices of mankind bring about His desired results (Acts 2:23; Acts 13:26-29). On other occasions God directly intervenes on the stage of human history. Such past instances include the opening and closing of the Red Sea (Exodus 14:21, 26), casting down the walls of Jericho (Joshua 6:20), delivering His servants from a fiery furnace or a den of lions, and raising the crucified body of the Son of God from the dead (Acts 13:2939). D. God’s Goals D. God’s Goals “For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways, saith the LORD. For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways, and my thoughts than your thoughts” (Isaiah 55:8-9). A. God has aims and goals that we would be wise to discover and with God Is on the Throne which we should endeavor to align ourselves. His ultimate goals may not necessarily line up with humanity’s plans. Some of His plans are not even within the reach of our comprehension. 1. God guarantees the stability of the world against all the forces of chaos (Psalm 93:1-4). “The Lord reigneth, he is clothed with majesty; the Lord is clothed with strength, wherewith he hath girded himself: the world also is stablished, that it cannot be moved” (Psalm 93:1). A. God upholds all things by the word (Hebrews 1:3). GodofIsHisonpower the Throne His continued involvement with His creation keeps everything in existence and order according to His perfect plan. God even involves Himself on a subatomic level in the earth. That like charges repel and opposite charges attract is a known fact of science, which we can readily observe in the characteristics of a pair of magnets. Yet, the power of God holds every nucleus together, which is comprised of positively charged particles. A. This insures the continuance of the basic building blocks of the God Is on the Throne universe. God has also set the limits of the seas (Job 38:11-12; Proverbs 8:29), and He controls even the wind and waves (Psalm 65:7; 89:9; 93:3-4; Mark 4:39-41). All of nature obeys His command. 2. God confirms the trustworthiness of all His utterances and directives. “Thy testimonies are very sure: holiness becometh thine house, O Lord, for ever” (Psalm 93:5). A. We can trust God’s Word to guide God Is on thepaths Throne us on the proper of life. He declares the accuracy and surety of His directives. “The law of the Lord is perfect . . . the testimony of the Lord is sure. . . . the statutes of the Lord are right . . . the commandment of the Lord is pure. . . . the fear of the Lord is clean . . . the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether“ (Psalm 19:7-9). 3. God calls for the homage of holiness on the part of His people (Psalm 93:5). A. “Speak unto all the congregation of God Is onofthe Throne the children Israel, and say unto them, Ye shall be holy: for I the Lord your God am holy” (Leviticus 19:2). From the days of Moses (Leviticus 10:3) through the psalms (Psalm 5:4-7; 99:5) and prophets (Isaiah 52:11; Zechariah 14:20-21) even to the church age (I Corinthians 3:16-17; Hebrews 12:14) and beyond (Revelation 21:27), God has commanded and expected holiness in His people. Only the holy shall stand in His presence. God Is Omniscient III. God Is Omniscient “Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in his sight: but all things are naked and opened unto the eyes of him with whom we have to do” (Hebrews 4:13). A. As the Creator and Sovereign of God Is on the Throne all, God knows all things. Nothing can hide from His omniscience. God knows the facts as well as the actions and intentions. He knows what is done in every circumstance, and He knows the reasoning and motives behind all events (Proverbs 15:3, 11). A. God Knows All A. God Knows All “For he looketh to the ends of the earth, and seeth under the whole heaven” (Job 28:24). A. God Is on the Throne Inherent in the being of God is the universal knowledge of all things. As the Creator of everything, He knows the composition, capability, capacity, and limitations of all that exists. Nothing escapes His comprehension. B. God Knows the Past, B. God Knows the Past, the the Present, and the Present, and the Future Future “Remember the former things of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none like me, declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, saying, My counsel shall stand, and I will do all my pleasure” (Isaiah 46:9-10). A. God has shown Himself cognizant of all phases of time and God Is on the Throne eternity. Among all supposed deities whom some people perceive as gods, God alone has infallibly told of past things otherwise unknown, and He alone declares future things with exact accuracy (Genesis 1:1; Isaiah 44:28-45:1). Through His prophets God has even challenged other gods and prophets to match His knowledge of both the past and present (Isaiah 41:22-24; 42:9). None has ever met the test. C. God’s Knowledge Is C. God’s Knowledge Is Linked Linked with His with His Sovereignty Sovereignty “In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will” (Ephesians 1:11). A. God Is on the Throne God knows all things because He created them, sustains them, and keeps them functioning every moment according to His eternal plan and purpose. He has a purpose for His creation, and He will bring it about through His allsufficient knowledge and complete sovereignty. D. Knowledge of D. Knowledge of Omniscience Omniscience Brings Brings Assurance to the Saved Assurance to the Saved “Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead” (Acts 17:31). A. God has not forgotten mankind. God Is on the Throne He is carefully caring for his needs. When a believer realizes God knows all things, it is a great source of strength and comfort to him, a strong anchor in troubled times. In the midst of his tribulation Job found confidence in God. Although he could not perceive the presence of God, he had faith in God and knew God was well acquainted with his situation (Job 23:10). E. To the Unsaved God’s E. To the Unsaved God’s Knowledge Brings Knowledge Brings Dread Dread While the omniscience of God comforts a believer, it torments the unbeliever. A person cannot hide either himself or his sins from God’s view (Psalm 94:1-11; 139:7-12; John 1:1-12). Even those who put up a brave front of doubt or denial often understand there is a God who one day will judge them. A. God onvehement the Throne Often Is their denial of God betrays the depth of their desire to know they will not have to account to Him some day. They are hoping against hope that they will not be accountable for the sins they have committed in this life. Some might describe their diatribes against God as a modern equivalent of “whistling past the graveyard to keep up their courage.” God Is Almighty IV. God Is Almighty A. Omnipresence — God Is Everywhere “Can any hide himself in secret places that I shall not see him? saith the LORD. Do not I fill heaven and earth? saith the LORD” (Jeremiah 23:24). A mere change of geographical A. Omnipresence—God Is location does not change our Everywhere relationship with the will of God. Jonah was just as called to Nineveh when he was on the ship running from God’s will or when he was in the belly of the whale as he was at home in Israel. The psalmist realized there was no place, high or low, near or far, where a person could escape the knowledge and hand of God (Psalm 139:7-13). A. Omnipresence—God Is Both Job and Amos understood that the omnipresence of God Everywhere reached far beyond any earthly confines. They even mentioned that God had placed the star Arcturus and the constellations of Orion and the Pleiades into their places in the constellation. (See Job 9:9; 38:31; Amos 5:8.) A person cannot escape the omnipresent God of the universe! B. Omnipotent—God Can B. Omnipotent—God Can Do Do Anything Anything “Ah LORD God! behold, thou hast made the heaven and the earth by thy great power and stretched out arm, and there is nothing too hard for thee” (Jeremiah 32:17). A. God is unlimited in His power; He Omnipresence—God Is can do all things. The very Creation brilliantly exhibits His unlimited Everywhere power. He just spoke the word and created all things (Genesis 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 14, 20, 24, 26). Then He repeatedly showed His dominance over the laws and forces of the natural world He had created. He manifested His power through the miraculous birth of Isaac, the parting of the Red Sea, the virgin birth of Christ, and the Resurrection, along with a myriad of other interventions in history. God Is Love V. God Is Love “He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love” (I John 4:8). “And we have known and believed the love that God hath to us. God is love; and he that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God, and God in him” (I John 4:16). A. Omnipresence—God God has defined HimselfIs as love. HeEverywhere has dealt with mankind as a loving Father, and His role as Redeemer reinforces the fact of His love. The love of God is not just some sort of emotional response to our winsomeness. Rather, it is a matter of commitment to us whatever our situation is. The Greek word for “love” used in I John 4:8 and I John 4:16 is the word agape, which refers to selfless love that seeks the good of the beloved, even at cost to self. A. Omnipresence—God Is Calvary is the supreme demonstration of the commitment Everywhere of such love. Real love is not captive to emotions, but it transcends the transient emotional rollercoaster. A. Reaches to Fallen A. Reaches to Fallen Mankind Mankind “For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that, though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that ye through his poverty might be rich” (II Corinthians 8:9). We witness the sacrificialIs A. Omnipresence—God component of God’s love for Everywhere mankind in His forgoing of the riches of heaven in exchange for the poverty of an earthly ministry. Not only did He trade streets of gold for dusty roads, He gave up the angelic praise for the mockery and spittle of mankind (Matthew 27:30-31; Mark 10:34; 14:65; 15:19). We see His commitment of love in His pursuit to the end for the redemption of mankind by the Cross despite the high personal price of pain and humiliation He suffered. A. Omnipresence—God He loved enough that He didIs not quit. Love compelled Him to Everywhere continue regardless of cost or feelings. He showed His love for mankind by the fact that He came to serve others rather than to be served (Matthew 20:28). This is so different from much of what passes for love among humans whose aim involves self-gratification and self-gain. A. Omnipresence—God Is He subjected Himself to the poverty of becoming human for the Everywhere purpose of lifting us to the realms of His glorious riches. (See Romans 8:32; Ephesians 3:8; Revelation 3:18; 21:7.) That is real love! B. Reveals Himself B. Reveals Himself “No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him” (John 1:18). A. The love of God also manifests Omnipresence—God Is to itself in His revealing of Himself mankind. Without such selfEverywhere revelation mankind would be left forever to the realm of unfounded speculation about the nature of God. Clearly, the multitude of religious ideas throughout history and across the globe demonstrates how far afield the suppositions of mankind can roam. After God made man in His own image (Genesis 1:27), it was not long before man began to make gods in his own image, in likenesses that largely magnified man’s assets and flaws. To read Greek and Roman A. Omnipresence—God Is mythology reminds one of soap Everywhere operas on a grand scale. The jealousies, adulteries, hatreds, and passions of these so-called gods merely exhibit humanity in all its sinful corruption. Much the same can be said of Far Eastern, European, and New World attempts at defining and describing the nature of God. A. Instead of leaving His nature to Omnipresence—God Is the imagination of sinful beings, God has repeatedly and continually Everywhere revealed Himself to His creation. He has appeared to various prophets (Exodus 3:4-6; Numbers 12:8; Isaiah 6:1) and given us His written Word so we may know more about Him. Then He manifested Himself in human flesh and walked among us so we might know Him fully (I John 1:1-3). One of His purposes in coming was so we might know Him better and know His identity. Matthew 11:27 “All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him” (Matthew 11:27). C. Restores the Soul C. Restores the Soul “He restoreth my soul: he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his name’s sake” (Psalm 23:3). The psalmist spoke of theIs A. Omnipresence—God restorative power of God. Our Everywhere travels throughout this world often leave us emotionally bruised and spiritually depleted. It is in these low times that the love of God touches us in our depths to recharge us for the days ahead. Though we may become weary along the way, He loves us enough to share with us His strength and lend us His shoulder. We discover another example A. Omnipresence—God Is of the restorative power of the love of Everywhere God in the story of the prodigal son in Luke 15. Though the younger son had wasted all his substance, the father gladly welcomed him home. Several things did not matter when seen through the eyes of the father’s love. It mattered not that he had gone out full and come home empty. (See also Ruth 1:21.) A. The stained and tattered cloak Omnipresence—God Ispigpen redolent with the smell of the was not enough to slow down love’s Everywhere approach. The son’s lack of shoes, emblematic of not taking care of one’s responsibilities (Deuteronomy 25:7-10; Ruth 4:7-8), did not matter to the father. The father’s love saw only the potential for restoration. The tsunami of the father’s care and concern overwhelmed the protestations of unworthiness by the older brother. Surely our heavenly Father is no less loving than this father was. D. Redeems the Soul D. Redeems the Soul “Thus saith the LORD the King of Israel, and his redeemer the LORD of hosts; I am the first, and I am the last; and beside me there is no God” (Isaiah 44:6). A. Mankind’s disobedience sold him Omnipresence—God Is to into sin, and he became a slave theEverywhere sinful nature; he needed a redeemer. Redemption in the Old Testament required kinship and the means to make the purchase. Further, the kinsman had to be willing to make the redemption; he could have the means and yet decline to pay the cost and fulfill his obligations (Ruth 4:7-8). One other necessary element for redemption to take place was love—the commitment to do whatever was necessary to redeem the prized possession. Our God was more than able A. Omnipresence—God Is to redeem mankind; He was willing. Everywhere Further, the cross stands out not only as a place of cruel torture, but as an emblem of the supreme love of the Redeemer. (See Isaiah 43:1; 43:14; 44:24; 48:17; 54:5; 59:20; Jeremiah 50:34.) He loved enough to pay the price to redeem our souls from damnation and destruction. Conclusion D. Redeems the Soul God has left the world with a multitude of evidence as to His nature, identity, power, plan, and love for mankind. We may be incapable of fully understanding all about God, but He has given us sufficient knowledge of His being, will, and love so we may have a relationship with Him and experience His supreme redemption. A. Omnipresence—God God does not engage in Is the typical processes of human Everywhere argument to prove His existence. His Word simply declares His being and nature without pandering to mere human reasoning. Those who will not accept the evidence of nature, the Word, history, and their own inner witness of His being probably will not acknowledge the truth even if it were presented with the most logical and tightly woven arguments. A. Omnipresence—God Is Once we know and recognize Everywhere who God is, we discover the relationship it engenders, and it comforts us greatly. When we fully recognize Him, we gladly praise and worship Him, for He is worthy!