1. Which of the following is NOT a way in which humans saw the environment in
the old paradigm (old view of the world)?
a. Resources are infinite
b. Conservation and preservation are needless
c. Continued exploitation is not sustainable
d. World’s plant, animals and minerals exist for human benefits
2. Environmentalism has become our new paradigm but not everyone believes it is
best for us. Which of the following was a vocal opponent to environmentalism
and sustainability?
a. The Cockroach
c. Rachel Carson
b. The Wise Use Movement d. Gary Ball
3. What is currently causing the sixth wave of mass extinction?
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
Pollution
Over harvesting and habitat destruction
Islandization & introduced species
All of the above
Living things or __________ factors are important in the study of ecosystems
but they also interact with non-living things or ___________ factors?
a. biotic/abiotic
b. biotic/dead
b. organic/dead
d. abiotic/biotic
5. Which of the following graphs would a population (ex. deer) of a healthy
ecosystem graphed against time look like?
6. By far the largest amount of energy is found in which trophic level?
a. Producers
b. Comsumers
c. Decomposers
d. Sun
7. What is the end result of adding too much phosphorus to a lake or pond?
a. excessive plant death.
b. no change.
c. excessive plant growth.
d. hypoxia.
Use the diagram at right to answer #8-13
8. The _____ are the producers.
a. Foxes b. Rabbits
c. Insects
d. Plants
9. In this diagram, a fox is a(an):
a. Herbivore
b. Carnivore
c. Autotroph
d. Decomposer
10. ______ are primary consumers.
a. Insects
b. Rabbits c. Birds
d. All of the above.
e. Both b and c.
11. To finish the flow of nutrients in this diagram one could add
a. more omnivores.
b. humans.
c. detritivores/decomposers.
d. nothing, the flow is complete.
12. _____ are tertiary consumers.
a. Insects
b. Rabbits
13. The birds in this web are
a. carnivores.
c. Foxes
b. herbivores.
d. Plants
c. omnivores.
d. all of the above.
14. What is the source of all energy in all terrestrial ecosystems?
a. Producers
b. The Sun c. Consumers
15. What resulted from algae growth
in Lake Erie in the late 1960's?
a. Bacterial contamination.
b. Stinky green algae covered
the shores.
c. Municipal water began to
taste and smell bad.
d. All of the above.
d. Decomposers
a. mutualism
b. amensalism
c. commensalism
d. parasitism
18. Which of the following biomes
makes up only 6% of the earth’s
surface but is habitat for 50-65%
of the earth’s species, over 5
million different species?
a. Marine
c. Tundra
b. Tropical R. d. TemperateR
16. Carbon is released through
a. Plant and animal
respiration c. Burning
fossil fuels
b. Decay of plant and animal
matter d. All of the above.
17. Algae growing on the shell of the
turtle is an example of which type
of symbiosis?
19. Which of the following Biomes is
not prone to wildfires?
a. Tropical Savannas
b. Taiga or Boreal Forest
c. Temperate shrub lands
d. They are all prone to
wildfire.
20. Which of the following is NOT an
example of a limiting factor?
a. Sunlight
b. Precipitation
c. Temperature
d. Plants
21. Water has a few remarkable
properties but which one makes
it extremely beneficial to us and
harmful to the environment?
a. It is the universal solvent
b. It freezes.
c. It is recycled in the water
cycle.
d. It makes plants grow.
22. Species that have never lived in
an area but have been
transported by humans and are
now causing problems are
referred to as
a. alien.
b. non-native.
c. invasive.
d. all of the above.
23. Why are there generally no more
then 3-4 trophic levels?
a. Carnivores don't taste
good.
b. Energy is lost at each
level.
c. There aren't enough things
to eat.
d. All of the above.
24. Soil is an important part of our
biosphere largely because
a. we have very little of it.
c. it supports the growth
of plants.
b. we can enhance or
degrade it. d. All of the
Above
25. Soil friability refers to a soil's
ability
a.
b.
c.
d.
to
hold mositure.
dry out.
crumble.
blow away.
1. Today the World's population
growth rate is ______ but the
population is still ______.
a) decreasing, increasing
b) decreasing, decreasing
c) increasing, decreasing
d) increasing, increasing
3. In the demographic transition a
country's birth rate goes from
_____ in stage 1 (preindustrialization) to _____ in
stage 4 (post-industrialized).
a) Low, low c. Low, high
b) high, high d. high, low
2. What caused the sudden increase
in population in the 1900's?
a) Medicinal & agricultural
technology
b) Education and stability of
family
c) Industrial revolution
d) All of the above
4. What is probably the number one
thing the world could do in order
to curb our growing population?
a) Mandate one child per family
b) Share resources more
equitably
c) Help countries develop through
the demographic transition
d) All of the above
5. Changing the local climate in and
around a city because of intense
urbanization is referred to as a
a) heat trap c. localized effect
b) heat island d. all of the
above
6. Urbanization can be a good thing
if
a) cities go up instead of
sprawling.
b) cities manage their
resources sustainably.
c) waste is treated.
d) all of the above.
7. Should we chose a column or
guess at a row?
a) Chose a column because
climate change is really
occurring and we are causing it.
b) Chose a column because it will
eliminate the possibility of the
end of the world as we know it.
c) Guess at a row because we
might be wasting our money
and go into a depression.
d) I wasn't here the day we
watched this video and I didn't
get caught up.
8. Which of the following can result
from rapid population growth?
a) Habitat destruction
b) Pollution
c) Land degradation
d) all of the above
9. The natural green house effect is
_____ for life on earth.
a) essential c. harmful
b) terrible d. all of the above
10. Where is the ozone layer most
affected by pollution?
a) Antarctic
b) Tropics
c) Mid latitudes
d) They are all affected
equally
11. Historically soil fertility has
____________ the longer it is
farmed/used by humans.
a) increased
b) stayed the same
c) decreased
d) none of the above
12. Aggregate extraction's greatest
potential impact on groundwater
comes from
a) the production of pollution
in the pit.
b) pits that extend below the
water table provide a
pathway for pollution.
c) the dangerous rock dust.
d) all of the above.
13. When land is cultivated by hand
due to difficult terrain or high
cost of mechanization is referred
to as:
a) Labour Intensive
Agriculture
b) Shifting Agriculture
c) Unmechanized Agriculture
d) Mechanized Agriculture
14. This symbol represents what food
certification?
a) Organic
b) Fair Trade
c) GMO free
d) None of the Above
15. The blue planet implies we have
an abundance of fresh drinking
water when in fact of all the
water on Earth, _______ is fresh
and accessible.
a) less then 1% c. 1%
b) 5% d. 25%
16. Which of the following is a major
tributary of the Grand River?
a) Conestoga c. Nith
b) Eramosa d. all of the
above
17. From the video Waterlife we saw
the following threat(s) to the
Great Lakes:
a) estrogen and other drugs
b) PCB's
c) waste water
d) all of the above
18. Where do residents of Paris (and
St. George) get their drinking
water?
a) Wells – groundwater
b) The Grand River
c) Lake Erie
d) Rainwater
e)
19. What percentage of residents in
the Grand River watershed get
their water from wells?
a) 20% c. 40%
b) 60% d. 70%
20. According to Bridgette's
presentation why can burning
fossil fuels affect agriculture
directly?
a) The smog can destroy cell
membranes in plants
making them less likely to
thrive.
b) Climate change always
causes agriculture to
suffer.
c) Ocean levels may rise
covering many prime
agricultural areas.
d) We are dumping coal on
the land.
21. Water
a)
b)
c)
d)
scarcity often leads to
underdevelopment
conflict
a lack of education
all of the above
22. Cancer rates among farmers tend
to be highest in
a) developed countries where
lots of chemical inputs are
used.
b) developing countries
where lots of chemical
inputs are used.
c) countries with lots of old
people.
d) developing countries with
labour intensive
agriculture.
23. What is a risk to our water
resource?
a) intensive
industry/agriculture
b) evolving micro-organisms
c) urbanization
d) all of the above
24. How do we control corporations
most effectively?
a) By making government
regulations.
b) By becoming shareholders.
c) By becoming informed and
choosing what we
purchase.
d) You can not control the
corporations.
25. Our consumer choices can come
back to haunt us. Which of the
following could cause you and
your neighbours harm in the long
run?
a) Upgrading your cell phone.
b) Buying strawberries grown
in California.
c) Using hair dye.
d) They can all have an
affect.
26. Why do people continue to use
long line fishing for sharks?
a) Shark fin soup tastes
great.
b) Sharks are a meaty and
abundant food source.
c) Fisherman are inherently
greedy.
d) Shark fin soup is a cultural
delicacy.
27. When using your cell phone you
are exposed to the most radiation
when the
a) phone is pressed to your
ear.
b) phone is old.
c) phone is blue tooth
compatible.
d) phone is new.
28. The disappearance of the bees
could be a problem because
a) agriculture systems
depend on these
pollinators.
b) most flouring plants on the
planet rely on them for
polination.
c) there removal may
threaten the entire balance
of the biosphere.
d) All of the above
29. The Aral Sea has been impacted
because of a damn built primarily
for what?
a) Hydro generation
b) A recreational reservoir
c) Flood control
d) Irrigation
30. An animal no longer present in a
specific location on earth but
alive somewhere else is most
accurately referred to as
a) extinct.
b) endangered.
c) vulnerable.
d) extripated.
31. Acid rain is primarily caused by
what what pollutants?
a) Carbon dioxide & nitrous
oxide
b) Nitrous oxides & sulphur
dioxide
c) Carbon dioxide & water
d) Sulphur dioxide & water
32. One criticism of GMO foods is
that
a) the modifications usually reduce
nutritional value in favour of
shelf life.
b) cross pollination with native
plants may create ecological
issues.
c) the new proteins produced
might be harmful to our bodies.
d) All of the above.
33. Which of the following is not
impacted by deforestation.
a) Climate change
b) Water quality
c) soil quality
d) They are all impacted.
34. What can cause “blue baby
syndrome”?
a) Air pollution
b) Eutrophication
c) Fertilizer use
d) All of the above.
35. Today there are approximately
_____ billion people on the Earth
who all require resources to survive.
a) 2.5
b) 6.0
c) 8.5
d) 6.8
36. Today the World's population
growth rate is ______ and the
population is ______.
a) decreasing, increasing
b) decreasing, decreasing
c) increasing, decreasing
d) increasing, increasing
37. What caused the sudden increase in
population in the 1900's?
a) Medicinal & agricultural
technology
b) Education and stability of
family
c) Industrial revolution
d) All of the above
38. If the world's current growth rate is
1.14% then how long should it take
to double?
a) 84 years
b) ~ 80 years
c) ~ 58 years
d) ~ 61 years
39. Developed countries are ______
industrialized and tend to have
_______ rates of population growth.
a) Highly, high
b) Not, high
c) Not, low
d) Highly, low
40. What is probably the number one
thing the world could do in order to
curb our growing population?
a) Mandate replacement birth
rates
b) Share resources more
equitably
c) Help countries develop
quickly through the
demographic transition
d) All of the above
41. Japan's population is _________
while India's is _________ and most
of Sub Saharan Africa's is getting
_________.
a) decreasing, increasing,
younger
b) decreasing, increasing, older
c) increasing, decreasing,
younger
d) increasing, decreasing, older
42. Which of the following leads to
smog and acid rain?
a) Sulphur dioxide
b) Carbon monoxide
c) Nitrous oxides
d) All of the above
43. Should we chose a column or guess
at a row?
a) Chose a column because
climate change is really
occurring and we are causing
it.
b) Chose a column because it
will eliminate the possibility
of the end of the world as we
know it.
c) Guess at a row because we
might be wasting our money
and go into a depression.
d) I wasn't here the day we
watched this video and I
didn't get caught up.
44. If climate change is real and we can't
find a way to slow or stop it we will
see
a) rising sea levels.
b) some increased productivity
in forests.
c) increased disease.
d) all of the above.
45. Where is the ozone layer least
affected by pollution?
Antarctic
Tropics
Mid latitudes
They are all affected equally
46. Historically soil fertility has
____________ the longer it is
farmed/used by humans.
a) increased
b) stayed the same
c) decreased
d) none of the above
47. Which province has the most class 1
(best) farmland in Canada?
a) Alberta
b) Saskatchewan
c) Ontario
d) British Columbia
48. Free trade and the mechanization of
agriculture has been great for the
Canadian family farm. True or False?
a) True
b) False
49. When land is cultivated for a time
and then abandoned to allow
natural growth to return, this is
known as:
a) Labour Intensive Agriculture
b) Shifting Agriculture
c) Regeneration Agriculture
d) Mechanized Agriculture
50. Slash and Burn Agriculture is only a
sustainable practice if:
a) Population is large
a)
b)
c)
d)
1. Environmental issues relate to the
____________ of the environment
while resource management issues
are those that are concerned with the
____________ of resources.
a. Sustainability/sustainability
b. Degradation/degradation
c. Degradation/sustainability
d. None of the above.
b) Fallow period is long
between crops
c) Plot sizes are large
d) All of the above
51. Countries where labour intensive
agriculture is popular tend to be
places where:
a) Economies are not strong
b) Land is not flat
c) There are large populations
d) All of the above
52. Biomagnification occurs significantly
more causing more effects at which
trophic level?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary
53. This symbol represents what food
certification?
a) Organic
b) Fair Trade
c) GMO free
d) None of the Above
54. How do we control corporations
most effectively?
a) By making government
regulations.
b) By becoming shareholders.
c) By becoming informed and
choosing what we purchase.
d) You can not control the
corporations.
2. The most alarming revelation in Erin
Brockovich was that this was an
example of
a. pollution.
b. water quality issues.
c. environmental racism based
on socioeconomics.
d. the polluter pays principle.
3. Which of the following stakeholders
should be involved in an EIA, such
as the one we did for the Barker’s
Bush development.
a. Developer
b. Local residents
c. All of the above
d. These plus several more.
4. Which type of EIA should be
conducted if Ontario wanted to
create a pipeline to transport water
from the north to the south?
a. Screening
b. Comprehensive Study
c. Mediation
d. None of the above.
5. What type of EIA should be
conducted if the parties are interested
in a speedy resolution which is
binding?
a. Screening
b. Comprehensive Study
c. Mediation
d. Review Panel
6. Who should be involved in an EIA?
a. Government
b. NGO's
c. Public and private interest
groups
d. All of the above
7. Primarily the class thought the EIA
process could be improved if
a. there was more public
awareness.
b. governments were held to
account.
c. all stakeholders are involved.
d. all of the above.
8. Which issues require cooperation at
the international level?
a. Air
b. Water
c. Fish
d. All commons issues do.
9. Beginning in the 1970's international
environmental laws were developed
which were based on many
principles discussed in class
including
a. the precautionary principle.
b. the polluter pays principle.
c. common concern of
humankind.
d. all of the above.
10. True (A) or false (B). In Durban,
South Africa this year Peter Kent
announced to the world that Canada
would not honour our Kyoto
commitments.
11. Which of the following protocols
was the most successful at the
international level?
a. Montreal
b. Rio
c. Kyoto
d. They were all unsuccessful.
12. International efforts to curb carbon
dioxide emissions have been largely
unsuccessful because
a. large polluters like China and
the US refuse to agree to
reductions.
b. enforcement is nearly
impossible.
c. there are few penalties for
missing commitments.
d. All of the above.
13. What does creating climate change
protocols (especially binding ones)
mean for lesser developed
(developing) nations?
a. Often green development
means no development
because of cost.
b. They have less to lose by a
changing climate.
c. Poor nations don't pollute.
d. All of the above.
14. What do these same climate change
protocols mean for developed
countries?
a. New jobs/economy
b. Increased prices
c. Infrastructure spending
d. All of the above
15. The most significant federal act
regarding the environment (because
it can be applied to almost any
environmental issue) is the
a. CEPA.
b. Environmental Bill of Rights
(EBR)
c. Transportation of Dangerous
Goods Act.
d. Pest Control Products Act.
16. The most significant provincial act
regarding our rights to a clean
environment is the
a. Canadian Environmental
Protection Act (CEPA)
b. Environmental Bill of Rights
(EBR)
c. Transportation of Dangerous
Goods Act.
d. Pest Control Products Act.
17. Which level of government deals
with planning and zoning?
a. Federal Government
b. Provincial Government
c. Municipal government
d. They all work on that issue
18. True (A) or False (B). Natives
currently have the right to hunt on
“traditional hunting grounds” even if
those areas are actually no hunting
areas.
19. Which level of government deals
with water pollution?
a. Federal Government
b. Provincial Government
c. Municipal Government
d. They all work on that issue
20. Which level of government has
authority with regard to Native
issues?
a. Federal Government
b. Provincial Government
c. Municipal Government
d. They all work on that issue
21. An objective of the CEPA is
a. sustainable development
through pollution prevention.
b. environmental quality for the
health of Canadians.
c. management of harmful
substances and elimination of
the most dangerous.
d. all of the above.
22. Ture (A) or False (B). Selective
cutting is the cheapest and easiest
method of harvesting forests.
23. True (A) or False (B). Forests are a
carbon sink, taking in carbon dioxide
and converting it to wood, leaves,
and roots.
24. Why does the management of forests
vary so much across Canada?
a. Forest structure differs
b. Owners manage how they
want
c. It is provincial jurisdiction
d. Forestry is bad everywhere.
25. Why was the Clayoquot Sound
Compromise unsuccessful?
a. Loggers refused to bargain
b. Environmentalists found it
unacceptable
c. All values were not
considered
d. It was designated a biosphere
reserve
26. What is causing the accelerated
spread of the Mountain Pine Beetle?
a. Beetle population cycles
b. Continuous mild winters
c. Uniform tree stands
d. All of the above.