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Business Law
Unit 3
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Non-Court Disputes
 Mediate-tries
to fine a solution that is acceptable to
both sides.
 Mediator
is the person who handles
****Not legally binding-just advisor
EX: Labor strikes settlements
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Non-Court Disputes
Arbitration-informal hearing that determines what
happens
 Arbitrator
is the person who handles this.
It is legally binding-can be issued through the court.
EX: Sports Contract-Free Agency
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Court Disputes
Litigation- is when people take their problems to
court.
EX: Small claims (People’s Court)
Civil Court-lawsuits
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Results of a Trial
Punitive Damages-money that is used as a
punishment for something to not happen again.
Punishment-fines or imprisonment for other offenses
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Types of Courts
Trial Court-initial jurisdiction is made where case is first
heard.
Trial is conducted with defense and prosecution
Evidence is heard, witness testify
Verdict will be rendered
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People Involved in a Trial
 Judge
 Lawyers-Prosecuting, Defense

(Officers of the Court)
 Jury
 Law
Clerks
 Sherriff/Marshals
 Bailiffs
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Appellate Court
 This
court reviews decisions of lower courts when
a party claims an error was made during the lower
court’s proceeding.
 Only
concerned with errors of law.
 Transcripts
and Appellate briefs are the items that
are used to decide the case.
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Appellate Court
 Judges
handle-no jury
 Decisions
Options Affirmed-Upheld
 Reversed-Overturned
 Amended-Changed
 Remanded-Sent back to trial court for
corrective action or new trial
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Federal Court System
United States Supreme Court
United States Court of
Appeals-12 Circuit Courts
State
Supreme
Courts
United States
District
Courts
Specialized
Federal
Courts
Many
Federal
Agencies
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Federal District Courts
 Cases
are heard here if:
 A.
Federal Questions regarding Constitution, U.S.
Law or U.S. Treaties.
 Lawsuits
between citizens of different states,
citizens and foreign nation, or between a U.S.
citizen of a foreign nation.
 Dollar
value has to be more than $75,000
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Federal Courts of Appeals
 Can
only hear appeals-no new evidence, cannot
call witnesses
 13
Federal Courts of Appeal
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United States Supreme Court
 Must
have a constitutional issue
 Highest
 State
Court of the Land
Supreme Court issue can go to this, but must
have a constitutional issue.