VIETNAM COUNTRY REPORT
(PRESENTS AT AFACI - GAP PROJECT EXPERT
WORKSHOP, JUNE 2015, PHILIPPINES)
HA NOI - 2015
VIETNAM AGRICULTURE
CROPS PRODUCTION 2014
Rice sowing Area: 7,800,000 ha. Yield: 5,74
t/ha; Production: 44.84 millions.
 Maize: Area 1,178,900 ha; Yield: 44t/ha;
Production: 5,2 million tons.
 Vegetable: Area 873,000 ha, Production: 15.3
millions tons.
 Fruits: Area 832,000 ha, growth 2.5%

MARD, 2014
AGRICULTURAL LAND PER CAPITA
 Global Average:
 Vietnam:
1.20 ha
0.104ha, eq. 8,7% of
Global average
OVERALL TARGETS
 Sustainable Agriculture
 Prosperous
Rural Areas
 Wealthy Farmers
NEW VISSION FOR AGRICULTURE
Every Decade:
- Production Growth increase by 20%,
ensuring food security at national and
household levels
- Poverty reduced by 20%
- GHG emission reduced by 20%
PRIORITIES
Food Security and safety
 Natural disaster mitigation and Environment
protection
 Human Resources Development

MEASURES
Sector Production Restructuring with
emphasis on high-value and deep
processing
 Science and Technology
 Infrastruction improvement
 International Integration
 Administration Governace Improvement

3 PILLARS/GROUP OF MEASURES
1.
2.
3.
Science and Technology Development
Policy renovation (land policy, human
resource development, farmer-centered
approach)
Small and Medium Enterprises
VAAS’s member institutions
DEVELOPMENT OF LOCALLY-APPROPRIATE GOOD AGRICULTURE
PRACTICES (GAP) PROGRAMS AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
SAFETY INFORMATION SYSTEM
Objectives:
Improvement of quality and safety of agricultural
commodities in the Asian countries through the
establshment of GAP inforamtion network between the
AFACI memebers. The project mainly aims to promote
national GAP program for assuring quality and safety of
agricultural products, especially vegetables and fresh
fruits for providing to both local and export markets.

Implementing agency:
Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS).
Principal investigator: Prof. Dr Nguyen Van Tuat
Working team: Mr Nguyen Hoang Long and Le Thi Lien
Project duration: 3 years commencing from 2012
September to 2015 August
Total budget: 30,000 USD
Introduction/Background:
In Vietnam, there are more than 120 species with tropical, semitropical and temperate originals. Thanks to advanced
technologies, there are many off-season vegetables being grown
for meeting the domestic consumption as well as processing for
exporting.
Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) have been conducted in many
countries in the world, and have contributed effectively in safety
food producing in general and in safety vegetables and fruits in
particularly.
AFACI-GAP initiative in September, 26, 2012 the VAAS has
signed the MOU under the AFACI program to joint the AFACI-GAP
international team.
ACTIVITY SUMMARY OF AFACI PROJECT:
Project on the GAP practice in Vietnam has conducted a several
activities based on the agreements of the project document. A
survey of key vegetable crops has been taken place in northern
part of Vietnam, identifying their achievement and constraints in
vegetable safe production.
During the survey and training for farmers and local technicians
through the approach” learning by doing” there are some
consultancy and advice for them how to meet the GAP standards,
how to pursue the technical guidelines/protocols.
LEGISLATION AND GAP ORGANIZATION:
According to the current existing production and requirement of
integration of agricultural products, of which vegetables and fruits play a
key role; learn experiences of the other countries, the Vietnam
Government and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD)
have issued a number of documents served as legal foundations for
activities related to producing and carrying business on vegetables and
fruits.
Good agriculture practice (GAP) is strongly supported by the
Vietnam Government. This is clearly shown via issuing the Law on Food
Safety, which effects since the 1st July 2011. The law indicates
requirements of setting up legal regulations and road map of required
implementation of applying the Good Manufacture Practices (GMP),
Good Agriculture Practices (GAP)…. and other advanced management
systems for food safety during the foods production and business.
GAP standard (Original document/English translation)
The view point of Vietnam government
The Law on food safety has come into the effect since 2011,
1st July, requesting establish the legal regulatory guidelines
and perform the roadmap for the GAP implementation. It’s
necessary to apply the advanced system of quality controlling
food safety during the production process and trading the
agricultural commodities.
The information and communication are important parts in the
country social economic structure, also as a key economic
trade branch
GAP Mannuals and field experience on the target crops
• On January 28th , 2008 the VietGAP standards has been
officially released by the MARD. The key points in this
standards are as followed:
• The meaning of the VietGAP standards is Vietnamese Good
Agricultural Practices, wich is based on 4 criteria namely:
• Standard for production technology.
• Food safety including the measure not to allow chemical
residues, harmful microorganisms and fysical contamination.
• Working environment is good enough to prevent over
imployment of manpower of farmers.
• Traceability of origin of products. It allows to record the
whole production process begining from produccing to
realization of commodities.
In details there are necessary key factors in agricultural
production such as:
- Assessment and selection of site for production
- Seedlings
- Management of soils and substrates
- Fertilizers and additives
- Water
- Chemicals using (including pesticide)
- Harvest and post-harvest treatment
- Waste management and treatment
- Workers
- Recording, keeping, traceability and retrieving products
- Internal inspection
- Complaining and solving the complains
Action plans
GAP Training program and workshop
•Training were prepared based on the need of field practices and the crops are
potential and economical meaning for growers. The information and
knowledge, technical guidelines/protocols have being gathered from previous
research findings and reviewing by the project team based on the
farmers/technicians feedback, responses through their field practices. Farmers
were selected by different criteria such as land size, crops growing, collectivity
working ability, etc
Publications
•There are two technical guide books will be issued in early 2015 for GAP
implementation practices. So far the information and formatting are under the
preparation.
Others
•Some activities such as consultancy on GAP designing and performing for
companies/ cooperatives have been conducted, that links to other project
activities like Plant Clinic services, plantwise project in Vietnam, especially
for insect pests and diseases monitoring and control. (IPM consultancy for
vegetables).
Project contents:
• Survey the status of vegetable production and realization of
safe vegetables
• Training growers the protocols for safe vegetable production
VietGAP in commercial vegetable growing areas in order to
achieve clean, safety without pesticides residues and free of
pests.
• Set up network of necesssary information for dissemination
of VietGAP standards for provinces, districts, communes and
the list of commodities produced by VietGAP guidelines.
Achievement
Vietnam delegate has attended the first planning workshop in
Seoul, Korea in September, 24-28, 2012.
12.1. First year: (2012.9- 2013.8)
In the first year of the project beside the management activities,
in order to fulfill the assignment on “Assessment of the status of
National food safety policy and legislation system, GAP
Programs and activities, existence at production level of major
fresh fruits and vegetables member countries”, the following
activities have been conducted:
Activity 1: Conduct a survey in regions growing vegetable and
fruits about the agricultural products followed GAP/ VietGAP
Activity 2: Assess existing documents on GAP/ VietGAP
Activities 3: Identify the target group/ areas/ crops for training
on GAP/ VietGAP
Activity 4: Collect, write and edit document on instructions of
growing some key common vegetables followed VietGAP/ GAP.
Technical workshop at VAAS headquarter was held in October 2012 with aims
to introduce the AFACI-GAP project, discus about GAP and VietGAP in
particular for Vietnam; identify groups of needed vegetables crops, project
sites, project counterparts, formulating working groups, encourage the
techniques, methodology and approach to implement the GAP guidelines.
A status survey:
+ Survey of current status of vegetables producing and commercializing safe
vegetables towards VietGAP in Hanoi City.
The survey showed that total vegetable productivity were 569,802.00
tons/year, of which 20% were categorized as safety standards. Other
vegetables species namely leafy, tuber, fruit vegetables are also covered in the
survey
Fig 1. Pruning and fertilizing guava
+ In Hanoi there are 300 sites-shops have been established for selling safe
vegetables, of which 50 are under operating in resident living areas,
organizations of Thanh xuan, Ha dong, Dong da, Hoan kiem, Ba dinh districts
with the selling amount 100-150 kg vegetables per site in one week.
+ Survey a current status and realization of safe guava in Hanoi: the area
under guava is 125 ha mainly growing in commune Cukhoi– Long bien
district having the long-term traditional fruit growing experiences with good
soil properties. The large area can be used for the guava GAP practices with
certification of 114.5 ha.
+ Survey a current status of safe vegetables production and realization in Gia
loc District, Hai duong province:
Main vegetables include winter cabbage, muskmelon with cultural practice
pattern as follows: Winter Rice- Muskmelon- cabbage- kohlrabi/ cauliflower.
+ Survey a status of production and consumption of safe
Thanh ha lychee in Hai duong province:
The site name: Thanh son commune, Thanh ha district,
Hai duong province. Scope of survey: 25 households per
village. The area under lychee in Thanh ha is 4,930 ha and
productivity is 23,300 tons and has certified as specific
geographical indication for the trade name “Thanh ha
Lychee” by the State IP Department of Vietnam.
• In the survey we found that when farmers apply
advanced technologies in lychee cultivation, especialy
the use of fertilizers, waterring regime and pesticide
application are considered as very important measures
for lychee growth.
Second year (2013.9-2014.8)
• Vietnam hosted the first annual AFACI-GAP review meeting
in Hanoi City, dated 13-17 May 2013.
• Organized training course on “Technical protocols for guava
safe production towards VietGAP standards” in Long bien
district, Hanoi City, in October 2013 with 30 participants.
• Organized training course on “Technical protocols for green
been safe production towards VietGAP standards” in Van duc
commune, Gia lam district, Hanoi City, in March 2014 with
30 participants.
• Updating always the website for knowledge dissemination of
safe vegetable production protocols/guideleines, goverment
policy and recommendation papers released, adviertizing the
VietGAP products available in webpage:
www.gap.vietnam.com
•
•
•
•
•
There several articles relating to VietGAP activities
published and/or loaded in the website:
Thanh nien newspaper: Delivering VietGAP vegetables to
cinsumers” dated March 12, 2014
Newspaper “Sai gon Giai phong” on line, “ Changing the
life due to safe vegetables”, dated March 30, 2014
Newspaper “Nong nghiep Vietnam” with article” Pineapple
VietGAP give high yield”, June 30, 2014
Website vietgap.gov.vn, article “A glance at all activities for
trade promotion”, June, 11, 2014
Newspaper “Nong nghiep Vietnam”, article: “ VietGAP
vegetables in Binhdinh province”, Mrach , 26, 2014
Uploaded in websites:
• Protocols for GAP practices for fresh safe vegetables,
fruits
• Techniques for VietGAP vegetables producing
• Measures for insect pests and diseases management in
organic vegetable producing.
• Techniques for tomato safe prodcution persuing VietGAP
standards
• Techniques for cucumber safe production persuing
VietGAP standards
• Techniques for planting and plant care of guava safe
production persuing VietGAP standards
Assessment of activities resutls
• There is no abstacles during the project implementing, but
so far the site for training course only located in near Hanoi
City. The other provinces such as Lao cai, Nghe an, Quang
binh,... are needed for such a training course.
• Training course should be performed in time as crop growth
timing required and baed on farmers needs.
• The results of assessment of current status of prodcution and
consuming of guava, vegetables, lychee in Hanoi, Hai
duong showed as follows:
Constraints and difficulties in applying VietGAP:
• Although the VietGAP production of safe foods have and
being confirmed their important role, but its scope still
remains at very modest figures, taking only 0.1 % of total
cultivation areas. The application of VietGAP face a number
of difficulties and constraints.
Difficulties and constraints can be summarized in the
following:
• Small field size, field scatered in agricultural sector
• Knowledge and attitude of growers are still not good in
pursuing VietGAP standards
• There are some networks in safe agricultural production
(Vietnam organic association,...) have been established, but
they are in weak linkage of all stages in production chain,
especialy between growers and consumers.
• High cost for certification for VietGAP standards, over farmer
ability to pay while the beneficiary of VietGAP still unclear
for all partners (farmers, consumers, policy makers,traders,...)
• Farmers face difficulties in persuing all required records of
field actitivites for certification issue.
• Some points in VietGAP standards are difficult for farmers
to perform and some requests are non-practicable, nonfeasible for some targets commodities.
• The certification of VietGAP has not yet come to their
nature, serving the real needs of growers and traders, it
mainly conducting based on the project goals and support
from the projects, programs, but not from the market
demands yet.
• There are the opinions that the implementation of VietGAP
standards require a long term time, therefore, it needs to
train farmer in field activities recording.
• The important factor for successful safe GAP production is
sustainable market. The linkage between 4 stakeholders
should be strong and the enterprises have to agree with
farmers in consuming their products with both side
beneficiary and convenience.
Third year (2014.9-2015.8)
- Xuất bản 02 cuốn sách:
+ Quy trình sản xuất ổi an toàn
+ Quy trình sản xuất đậu an toàn.
-Đánh giá kết quả 02 lớp tập huấn sau 01 năm thực hiện tại Gia Lâm và Long
Biên, Hà Nội.
- Hoàn thiện và cập nhật thường xuyên Website phổ biến kiến thức thực hành
an toàn nông nghiệp.
Đánh giá chung toàn dự án
- Dự án đã giúp đánh giá được thực trạng việc áp dụng VietGAP trong sản xuất nông
nghiệp an toàn, tuy nhiên mới đánh giá được tại Hải Dương và Hà Nội (mỗi tỉnh 01
huyện) nên chưa đánh giá được tổng quát trên diện rộng.
- Giúp tuyên truyền việc áp dụng rộng rãi thực hành nông nghiệp tốt GAP trong sản
xuất trồng trọt là một giải pháp chủ yếu quan trọng trong Chiến lược phát triển ngành
trồng trọt nhằm nâng cao chất lượng, đảm bảo ATTP, bảo vệ môi trường đáp ứng yêu
cầu ngày càng cao của người tiêu dùng, trên cơ sở đó tăng giá trị gia tăng, hiệu quả
sản xuất trồng trọt.
-Từng bước thiết lập khuôn khổ pháp lý và tổ chức thực hiện lộ trình bắt buộc áp dụng
GAP trong quá trình sản xuất trồng trọt theo quy định của Luật An toàn thực phẩm
năm 2011.
- Giúp một phần đẩy mạnh tổ chức liên kết sản xuất giữa nông dân và doanh nghiệp
xây dựng cánh đồng lớn, vùng nguyên liệu áp dụng VietGAP;
Đánh giá chung toàn dự án (Tiếp)
-
Góp phần giúp địa phương tham gia tập huấn lập kế hoạch triển khai quy trình
sản xuất rau, quả theo hướng VietGAP, GlobalGAP nhằm đảm bảo tiêu chuẩn
chất lượng và vệ sinh an toàn thực phẩm.
-
Xác định đối tượng rau, quả có tiềm năng xuất khẩu hoặc đang có thị trường để
sản xuất theo tiêu chuẩn GAP.
-
Tuyên truyền giúp cho người sản xuất và doanh nghiệp nhận thức đúng đắn về
các rào cản kỹ thuật có thể gặp phải và sự cần thiết phải thay đổi cách thức hoạt
động của các doanh nghiệp trong thời gian tới.
-
Cần có những đơn vị nghiên cứu, theo dõi và cung cấp các thông tin về các yêu
cầu rào cản kỹ thuật triển khai việc thực hiện các hệ thống quản lý có liên quan
tới chất lượng, môi trường, pháp luật của từng đối tác nhập khẩu cho các đơn vị
sản xuất, chế biến, xuất khẩu và những cơ quan chức năng có liên quan nắm
được.
Suggestions
•It needs more budget to build the field demonstration models to
VietGAP standards (vegetables, fruits)
•More guide books for other protocols for vegetables, safety
foods to VietGAP standards
•Maintenance fee for website even after terminating the project
for dissemination of knowledge, safety foods, news
commodities produced by VietGAP standards, supporting
technicians to help farmers in GAP practices.
•When the project terminates it needs to develop new phase
with aims to address to clients requirement, so that farmers can
be benefited from the GAP production chain.
SOME PICTURES OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES
FIGURE 1. TRAINING COURSE ON GUAVA GAP PRODCUTION, FROM
OCTOBER, 25, 2013 IN LONG BIEN, HANOI, VIETNAM
FIGURE 2. TRAINING COURSE ON GREEN BEAN GAP PRODUCTION,
FROM MARCH 22, 2014 IN VAN DUC COMMUNE, GIA LAM, HANOI
 Late Longan Varieties: HTM1,
HTM-2, PHM99.1.1,
PHM99.2.1



Harvested on: 25/8 – 20/9
(20-30 days later than main
longan)
Stable/regular flowering and
fruit setting.
Good quality, higher price
than main longan varieties
fruit tree varietal selection
Hung Long lychee variety



Fruit weight: 1.5 kg
Yield: 50-55tons/ha
Fruit quality: good,
could be used for
fresh consumption
and processing
Chanmong Cayen
pineapple variety
Chinese Cayen
pineapple variety
GL1 mango variety
GL6 mango variety
TL1 dragon fruit variety (Red)
LD5 dragon fruit variety (violet )
 Hybrid cucumber
variety: CV29





Crop cycle: 80-90 days
Fruit size: (3.5-4) x (25-35) cm
Yield: 40 tons/ha (two
harvests)
Downy mildew and powdery
mildew resistant
Suitable for both fresh
consumption and salting
Vegetable production in soilless substrate
(Hydroponics)
 Hot pepper variety: HB9





Crop cycle: 110-120 days
Most suitable planting season:
Fall-Winter and SpringSummer.
Yield: 20-25 tons/ha (30-35
tons/ha with intensive
cropping)
Anthracnose resistance
Suitable for processing
Thank you