CHEMISTRY
THE FOUR STATES OF
MATTER
STATES OF MATTER
THE FOUR STATES OF
MATTER
FOUR STATES
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
PLASMA
THE FOUR STATES OF MATTER
BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE FOUR TYPES
BASED UPON PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT
BASED UPON ENERGY OF PARTICLES
BASED UPON DISTANCE BETWEEN
PARTICLES
DIVIDE YOUR PAPER INTO 4 SECTIONS
• Label them Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma
• You are to record different observations you have of each state.
• You know that all matter is made of small particles. Make a hypothesis about
what the particles look like with in matter.
SOLIDS
PARTICLES OF SOLIDS ARE TIGHTLY PACKED
PARTICLES VIBRATE ABOUT A FIXED POSITION.
SOLIDS HAVE A DEFINITE SHAPE AND A DEFINITE VOLUME.
ON YOUR PAPER…
• Draw what you think the arrangement of particles in a
solid look like.
• Fill in the chart with the properties (arrangment, shape,
volume, movement) of a solid
SOLIDS
PARTICLE MOVEMENT
EXAMPLES
STATES OF MATTER
LIQUIDS
PARTICLES OF LIQUIDS ARE TIGHTLY PACKED
ARE FAR ENOUGH APART TO SLIDE OVER ONE ANOTHER.
LIQUIDS HAVE A VARIABLE SHAPE AND A DEFINITE VOLUME.
ON YOUR PAPER…
• Draw what you think the arrangement of particles in a liquid look like.
• Fill in the chart with the properties (arrangement, shape, volume, movement)
of a liquid
Chumbler - Properties of Matter
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STATES OF MATTER
LIQUIDS
PARTICLE MOVEMENT
EXAMPLES
Chumbler - Properties of Matter
STATES OF MATTER
GASES
PARTICLES OF GASES ARE VERY FAR APART RANDOMLY
PARTICLES MOVE FREELY.
GASES HAVE A VARIABLE SHAPE AND A VARIABLE VOLUME.
ON YOUR PAPER…
• Draw what you think the arrangement of particles in a gas look like.
• Fill in the chart with the properties (arrangement, shape, volume, movement)
of a gas
Chumbler - Properties of Matter
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States of Matter
GASES
PARTICLE MOVEMENT
EXAMPLES
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STATES OF MATTER
PLASMA
PARTICLES OF PLASMA ARE VERY FAR
APART AND MOVE RANDOMLY
A PLASMA IS AN IONIZED GAS.
A PLASMA IS A VERY GOOD
CONDUCTOR OF ELECTRICITY AND IS
AFFECTED BY MAGNETIC FIELDS.
PLASMA, LIKE GASES HAVE A
VARIABLE SHAPE AND A VARIABLE
VOLUME.
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ON YOUR PAPER…
• Draw what you think the arrangement of particles in a plasma look like.
• Fill in the chart with the properties (shape, volume, movement) of a plasma
Chumbler - Properties of Matter
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STATES OF MATTER
PLASMA
PARTICLES
THE NEGATIVELY CHARGED ELECTRONS (YELLOW) ARE FREELY
STREAMING THROUGH THE POSITIVELY CHARGED IONS
(BLUE).
PLASMA
EXAMPLES
17
• What does it mean for something to be compressed? Which of the 4 states of
matter do you think can be compressed and why?
Chumbler - Properties of Matter
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MOLECULAR EXPLANATION FOR PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
SOLIDS HAVE A DEFINITE SHAPE AND A DEFINITE
VOLUME
BECAUSE THE MOLECULES ARE LOCKED INTO PLACE.
SOLIDS ARE NOT EASILY COMPRESSIBLE BECAUSE
THERE IS LITTLE FREE SPACE BETWEEN MOLECULES.
SOLIDS DO NOT FLOW EASILY BECAUSE THE
MOLECULES CANNOT MOVE/SLIDE PAST ONE
ANOTHER.
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MOLECULAR EXPLANATION FOR PROPERTIES OF
LIQUIDS
LIQUIDS HAVE A VARIABLE SHAPE BECAUSE THE
MOLECULES CAN SLIDE PAST ONE ANOTHER.
LIQUIDS ARE NOT EASILY COMPRESSIBLE AND
HAVE A DEFINITE VOLUME BECAUSE THERE IS
LITTLE FREE SPACE BETWEEN MOLECULES.
LIQUIDS FLOW EASILY BECAUSE THE MOLECULES
CAN MOVE/SLIDE PAST ONE ANOTHER.
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States of Matter
MOLECULAR EXPLANATION FOR PROPERTIES OF GASES
GASES HAVE A VARIABLE SHAPE AND A VARIABLE
VOLUME BECAUSE THE MOLECULES CAN MOVE PAST
ONE ANOTHER.
GASES ARE EASILY COMPRESSIBLE BECAUSE THERE IS
A GREAT DEAL OF FREE SPACE BETWEEN MOLECULES.
GASES FLOW VERY EASILY BECAUSE THE MOLECULES
RANDOMLY MOVE PAST ONE ANOTHER.
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STATES OF MATTER
MOLECULAR EXPLANATION FOR PROPERTIES OF
PLASMAS
PLASMAS HAVE A VARIABLE SHAPE AND A VARIABLE
VOLUME BECAUSE THE PARTICLES CAN MOVE PAST
ONE ANOTHER.
PLASMAS ARE EASILY COMPRESSIBLE BECAUSE THERE
IS A GREAT DEAL OF FREE SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES.
PLASMAS ARE GOOD CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITY
AND ARE AFFECTED BY MAGNETIC FIELDS BECAUSE
THEY ARE COMPOSED OF IONS (NEGATIVELY CHARGED
ELECTRONS AND POSITIVELY CHARGED NUCLEI).
THE FOUR STATES OF
MATTER
THE CLASSIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF
MATTER DEPEND UPON MICROSCOPIC
STRUCTURE
PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT
PARTICLE ENERGY
PARTICLE TO PARTICLE DISTANCE
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