THE WORLDS GREATEST
MATHEMATICIAN'S
By: Brianna Michelle Fryman
LEONARDO BIGOLLO
PISANO
He was born in Pisa Italy.
Where the famous leaning
tower of Pisa was created.
Leonardo grew up in
Algeria and was taught
his education by the
Moors.
Leonardo traveled
throughout the
Mediterranean
extensively for most of
his life.
Leonardo’s father was a
customs officer in Béjaïa
or Bugia/Bugia it’s formal
names. Where wax candles
were sold from France.
Leonardo soon realized
the key importance to the
Hindu Arabic system.
His nickname was
Fibonacci. Which means
the son of Bonaccio.
LEONARDO BIGOLLO
PISANO
In the year 1202 he
wrote Liber abaci the
"Book of
Calculation” in which
he noted the
advantages and the
disadvantages of the
Hindu Arabic system.
He has a statue
created in his image.
It’s location is in the
Western gallery of
Campasanto.
Leonardo was known for being
a wealthy merchant.
Today people still use the
Hindu Arabic system because
of Leonardo.
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ,0),
He had a number sequence
named after him called the
Fibonacci.
LEONARDO BIGOLLO
PISANO
Fibonacci was appointed by king Fredrik the II. Frederick became aware of
Fibonacci’s work through the scholars at his court who had corresponded with
Fibonacci since his return to Pisa around 1200.
These scholars included Michael Scotus who was the court astrologer, Theodorus
Physicus the court philosopher and Dominicus Hispanus who suggested to
Frederick that he meet Fibonacci when Frederick's court met in Pisa around 1225.
Johannes of Palermo, a member of Frederick II's court, presented a number of
problems as challenges to Fibonacci.
Three of these problems Fibonacci answered and he gave solutions in Flos which
he sent to Frederick II.
He was paid to teach the citizens math and to be an accountant for Frederick.
LEONARDO BIGOLLO
PISANO
Leonardo covered geometry ,methods to construct and convert
Egyptian fractions ,irrational numbers, the Chinese Remainder
Theorem, and the Pythagorean triplets.
Leonardo introduced the decimal system,algerbra,and the lattice
method. He introduced notation like.
He is known for his clever extension of this for quantities like 5
yards, 2 feet, and 3 inches.
Leonardo `Fibonacci was called "the greatest number theorist
between
Diophantus and Fermat" and "the most talented mathematician
of the Middle Ages.“
He also created the golden ratio still used today.
LEONARDO BIGOLLO
PISANO
A certain man put a pair of rabbits in a place surrounded
on all sides by a wall. How many pairs of rabbits can be
produced from that pair in a year if it is supposed that
every month each pair begets a new pair, which from the
second month on becomes productive.
It was this problem that led Fibonacci to the
introduction of the Fibonacci Numbers and the
Fibonacci Sequence which is what he remains famous for
to this day. He wrote books like Practica
Geometriae(The Practice of Geometry), Liber
Quadratorum (The Book of Square Numbers), Flos (The
Flower), and Letter to Master Theodore.
SOURCES FOR LEONARDO
BIGOLLO PISANO
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Fibonacci.html,
https://ch1prd0210.outlook.com/owa/redir.aspx?C=GUo1BoOtjECIuu7jCyTpxrDUKzFlJdAIgt
LCzjPXNjfHqtvrDvP57dPQM_Uzg_CLVg74BVomPc.&URL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ardacad.co.uk%2fmat%2fbiog%2ffib
onacci%2ffibonacci.pdf
https://ch1prd0210.outlook.com/owa/redir.aspx?C=GUo1BoOtjECIuu7jCyTpxrDUKzFlJdAIgt
LCzjPXNjfHqtvrDvP57dPQM_Uzg_CLVg74BVomPc.&URL=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFibonacci
http://www.maths.surrey.ac.uk/hosted-sites/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibBio.html
RENÉ DESCARTES
Descartes was born in La Haye,France on March 31,1596. He died
in
Stockholm, Sweden February 11,1650 .
His father, Joachim, served in the Parliament of Brittany, France.
René ‘s mother Jeanne Brochard Descartes passed away in 1597.
His father soon remarried and Descartes brother and sister and he
were raised y their maternal grandmother and nurse.
He went to a religious college called La Flèche.
As a child he was sick extensively so he stayed in bed when doing
most of his school work.
RENÉ DESCARTES
It was his friend Isaac Beeckman, a Dutch mathematician, who
encouraged Descartes to begin writing scientific theories on
mathematics . Descartes was deeply influenced by three dreams he had
in Ulm, Germany. He interpreted them to mean that all science is one
and that its mastery is universal wisdom. To concentrate better on his
work Descartes moved to Holland and lived there for twenty years.
Descartes' first major work, was Rules for the Direction of the Mind,
which was written in 1629 but was not published until 1701. It was
devoted to mathematical demonstrations and mathematical problems.
In 1637, he published "geometry", in which his combination of algebra
and geometry gave birth to analytical geometry, better known as
Cartesian geometry.
RENÉ DESCARTES
Descartes relocated to Sweden to tutor Queen Christina in
philosophy. But, working to hard was making his health worse.
He later died of Phenomena. The Discourse on Method and was
published in French along with the three essays in June 1637.
Around this time his daughter, Francine, was born in 1635, her
mother was a maid at the home of which Descartes was staying.
Francine later died at the age five. Descartes was planning on
making arrangements for her to live with relatives so she could
receive a good education in France.
RENÉ DESCARTES
Descartes’ theory provided the basis for the calculus of
Newton and Leibniz, by applying infinitesimal calculus
to the tangent line problem, thus permitting the
evolution of that branch of modern mathematics.
Descartes’ rule of signs is a method commonly used
today to help determine the number of positive and
negative roots of a polynomial. He also created
Cartesian geometry which uses algebra to describe
geometry. And the notation which uses superscripts to
show the powers or exponents and a way to indicate
the squaring of a square.
RENÉ DESCARTES
He also made the contribution to math
by making the beginning letters of the
alphabet used as data and the last letters
used as variables or unknowns which is
still used today. He also invented
Cartesian coordinate system which is
commonly used in our society today to
help located points on a plane .
SOURCES
http://fabpedigree.com/james/grmatm2.htm
http://www.castingoutnines.net/2010/02/05/rene-descartescontribution-to-math/
http://www.kcvs.ca/martin/math/math499/projects/descartes/Desc
artes%20contributions.pdf
EMILIE DU CHÂTELET
She was born in Paris on December 17, 1706. She was
encouraged to pursue mathematics by a family friend,
M. de Mezieres. At the age of nineteen she married a
thirty-four-year-old man named Marquis du Châtelet.
During the first two years of their marriage, Emilie
gave birth to a boy and a girl, and later to a son when
she was twenty-seven. She had an affair with a man
named Marquis de Saint-Lambert and gave birth to his
child. But she remained good friends with voltimor
after the affair.
EMILIE DU CHÂTELET
Her father was Louis Nicolas Le Tonnelier de
Breteuil. He was an official at the Court of Louis
XIV at Versailles with property in Paris and also
land in Touraine. She died of extreme heat and
was pregnant at the time and her baby died as
well. When Châtelet passed on her husband
wrote the lady he was cheating on Châtelet with
her name was Mme Denis.
EMILIE DU CHÂTELET
Most of her writings are used under Madame
la Marquis duchastellet. Her full name was
Gabrielle Emilie LeTonnelier de Breteuil du
Chatelet Lomont. She was born to Alexandra
Elizabeth de Froulay and Louis Nicolas Le
Tonnelier de Breteuil. One of Châtelet ‘s
husbands Voltaire was responsible for calling
her du Chatelet. Her husband's name was the
Marquis du Chastellet.
EMILIE DU CHÂTELET
Châtelet translated Mandeville’s The fable of
the bees and added additional information to it
as well. She submitted her work to the
Academie des Sciences in Paris even though
she lost ,her work was still used in the
newspaper. She helped translate several books
for other mathematicians so that others could
learn and grow form these discoveries.
EMILIE DU CHÂTELET
She transformed Geometry into Calculus. She
translated Isac Newton's piece Principia Mathematica
and helped explain the mathematical process of
figuring out the answers and she wrote a three volume
book about a German mathematician named
Gottfried Leibniz. She helped prove that women are
just as intellectual as men. Also that women could sit
in mathematical debates and women can be
mathematicians just like men can.
SOURCES
http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/chatelet.htm
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Chatelet.html
http://threesixty360.wordpress.com/2008/09/09/mathematician-of-theweek-emilie-du-chatelet/