Chapter 26: The Politics of Protest
The Growth of the Youth Movement
• 1950s had been the era of peace &
prosperty
• The younger generations were affected
by significant events around them:
–
–
–
–
Civil Rights
Class Segregation
Cold War
Mistrust in U.S. Gov’t
• RESULT: Power in numbers! Youths
were represented by the baby boomer
generation who would now take part in
society
The Free Speech Movement
• Begins @ the University of
California, Berkeley in response to
a ban on students against political
protesting
• Caused a rift between students &
administration leading to arrests
• Launched nation-wide free speech
movement
• RESULT: Supreme Court upholds
the students’ right to freedom of
speech… this would pave the way
for future college demonstrations
Counterculture: a culture with values &
beliefs different than the mainstream
HIPPIES
• Began as a reaction to the 1950s stereotype of “the
man” in a suit who led a constricted life
• As it grew – many just joined for: fashion & drugs
• Many lived in communes: group living arrangements
where people share everything
• Most popular location: Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco
– Anti: Western civilization, rationality, order, tradition
– Pro: freedom, closeness to nature, love, empathy, tolerance,
cooperation
Counterculture Cont’d…
• New Religious Movements
– In a movement of rejection towards materialism, many
people embraced spirituality
– Astrology, magic, eastern religions, Christianity
• The Counterculture Declines
– After a few years the movement deteriorates
– Hippie communities turned to criminalized areas
– Drug education heightened
– Most returned to “mainstream” society when they were
unable to support themselves financially
FASHION
•
•
•
•
“costumes” rather than “uniforms”
Colorful, beaded, braided, patched, fringed clothing
Comfort, layers, loosely worn garments
“recycling” military uniforms with new designs as a
means of protesting war
• Longer hair
ART
• Pop Art: art that reflects pop culture
– Photos, comics, ads, brand-names
– Andy Warhol: most famous pop artist
• Music & Dance
– Rock continues to flourish
(BEATLEMANIA!!!)
– Rock paired with storytelling about the
rifts between generations (Bob Dylan,
Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix)
– Woodstock: 1969 NY festival with music
& dance
FEMINISM: the belief that men + women should be equal
politically, economically & socially
• Women had played major roles in wartime & raising
families
• Now wanted TRUE equality, not just on paper (think
19th amendment)
• Equal Rights Amendment (ERA): 1972 – protests
women against discrimination
• Goal: equality within:
– The workplace
– As writers/authors
– As teachers
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION: an active effort to improve
employment/educational opportunities for minorities
• Critics saw this as a form of “reverse discrimination”
• Goal: opportunities in:
– Education, Politics, Job markets, Farmworkers
• Applied to (mainly):
– African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans
– Cesar Chavez: most important advocate for Mexican America laborers
Environmentalism: Going Green!
• Goal: be more eco-conscious to
extend the life of people, wildlife &
the planet
• Cut down on: pollution, pesticides,
smog
• Increase: recycling programs,
education, legislation
• New Ideas Included:
– Earth Day! (April 22nd each year)
– Nuclear energy (cleaner) vs. burning
fossil fuels
The Consumer Movement
• Goal: for ALL PEOPLE to put SAFETY as the 1st
priority in products, THEN looks, style, etc…
• Most impacted industry: automobiles
• Result: now consumers would know to become
more educated in product-research & comparison
before making a purchase
Rotate to each station. Bulletize notes. IMPORTANT ASPECTS are bolded/underlined. These ARE your notes!
GROWTH OF THE YOUTH MOVEMENT
COUNTERCULTURE:
FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT
HIPPIES
COUNTERCULTURE CONT’D
NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS
COMMUNE:
THE COUNTERCULTURE DECLINES
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FASHION
ART
POP ART
MUSIC & DANCE
FEMINISM:
ERA
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
Rotate to each station. Bulletize notes. IMPORTANT ASPECTS are bolded/underlined. These ARE your notes!
ENVIRONMENTALISM
THE CONSUMER MOVEMENT
NOTES…
NOTES…