Humanities 251 Final Exam Prep
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Cyrus the Great rising
Fall of historic Troy
Solon and Athenian Constitution
Lycurgus as Spartan Constitution
Cleisthenes and the People fight Cleomenes and Isagorus for sake of Democracy
Battle of Marathon
Battle at Pass of Thermopylae
Archaic Period and two traits
Proto-Geometric Period and key trait
Geometric Period and key trait
Classical Period and two key traits
Hellenistic Period and two key traits
Pre-Socratic Philosophers: Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Heraclitus, Zeno, Xenophanes
Socrates/Plato, and Aristotle
Peloponnesian Wars
Thucydides’ Melian Dialogue
Hoplites
Helot
Contrapposto
Publication of Antigone
Thought heated slime the primary ingredient of the universe
Thought water the primary ingredient of the universe
Thought fire the primary ingredient of the universe
Hamartia
Hubris
Catharsis
Origins of Greek theater
Homer writes the Illiad
Themistocles
Battle of Salamis
What is the Hellespont?
Persian King at Marathon
Persian King at Thermopylae
Which mainland Greek group ‘took over’ the Spartan identity?
Why did the Persians always have trouble with the Ionians?
Why were Miletus and Naxos destroyed by the Persians?
Who are Hippias and Hipparchus and why important?
Greeks taken over by Rome this year and why.
God of music, healing—Greek and Roman
Goddess of love—Greek and Roman
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Goddess of intellect—Greek and Roman
God of war—Greek and Roman
Goddess of hunting, the moon, and virginity—Greek and Roman
Angry sister wife of Zeus—Greek and Roman
With whom were the Melians allied against whom?
Leonidas
What happened at the Oracle of Delphi?
What is a seed-corn allegory and example of one?
What did the Persian King of Kings demand of subject nations yearly?
Assyrian King dates of Assyrian power, and power city
Median King, dates of Median power, and power city
Who paraded a statuesque peasant girl into Athens, claiming she was the goddess Athena?
Menelaus was king of what group, living and fighting in what century?
Name two sons of King Priam.
On what peninsula do the Spartans and Argives and Messenians live?
Dates and Themes Part II: The Romans and Northern Europeans.
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Mythic Founding Date of Rome:
Fall of Western Rome
Fall of Eastern Rome (Constantinople)
Promulgation of the 12 Tables
Punic Wars: 264-201
Destruction of Carthage, Africa and Greece become Roman Provinces: 146 BCE
First Triumvirate: 60 BCE: Pompey, Caesar, Crassus
Caesar’s Conquest of Gaul:
Breca
Unferth
Fall of Eastern Rome
Gregory the Great sends Christian missionaries into Northern Europe this century
Battle of Pharsalus: Caesar defeats Pompey the Great in Greece, meets Cleopatra.
Caesar Sole Dictator of Rome: (assassinated March 15th-the Ides of March)
Second Triumvirate: 43 BCE Antony, Lepidus, Octavian
Battle of Actium, won by Octavian against Antony and Cleopatra
Octavian Augustus Caesar rules, the Pax Romana:
Birth of historic Jesus, and death; 6 BCE/30 CE
Burial of Pompeii:
Virgil: (70-19 BCE, Aeneid 30 BCE)
Propertius Elegies: (50-15 BCE, Elegies 29 BCE)
Germanic leader who most opposed Caesar
What Roman Emperor first used smear campaign tactics?
What had to happen in the Roman Senate before Octavian could make war on Mark Antony?
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From his household, Aeneas took with him his son, his father, and what else?
Tacitus Germania: Germania published 98 BCE
Reign of Diocletian: 284-305 CE/ Edicts of Diocletian
Reign of Constantine 307-337 (sole emperor after 324 CE)
Suppression of Paganism, Christianity made state Religion:
Vandals, Goths, Visigoths, Germanic Hordes invade 409-455 CE
Last Legionaire leaves the British isles
Fall of Western Rome; 476 CE.
Clovis, King of the Franks, adopts Christianity 594 CE.
Parable of the Sparrow
Comitatus
Scop
wirgild
Frei-dom
Fate Often Saves an Undoomed Man if his Courage is good.
Christmas Day, 800 CE, Charlemagne, King of the Franks, Crowned Holy Roman Emperor: end of
the comitati.
Who stayed loyal to the aging Beowulf during the fight with the dragon?
What happened to the troop accompanying the old Beowulf to fight the dragon?
Beowulf written sometime during this time span, referring to events as far back as?
Why do Germans boast?
The Germans were invited across the Rhine by which Gallic group and why?
Who are the Helvetti?
Who is Mithra and why important?
Three character traits of the Romans
Three character traits of the Germanic tribes
In our days of the week, which are named for what north gods and goddesses?
Whom did Aeneas have to kill to fulfill his fate of starting the Roman Empire and why?
What did the shade of Dido do when she met Aeneas in the underworld during the nekua?
When did the northmen—the Danes, Geats, Swedes, begin invading Britain? The Germans?
Final Exam Plan:
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Quick identifications dates/events/terms
Images and Maps
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Essays (2, take home, 3 page types responses each)
Essays:
*What makes a good leader? Examining models from Persia, Greece, and either Rome or Northern
Germany, consider the traits of those leaders who have helped their people live long and prosper.
What do they have in common? How do they differ, and why? Ultimately, who do you think
possesses the leadership traits that you personally admire, and why? How would your choice fare as
a leader today? Whatever texts you use, include the Aeneid as one.
*It is easy to see that the role of women in culture has changed from the time of the Ancient Greeks
to that of the early medieval Northern Europeans. But beyond that, how have women been
portrayed in our readings from Greek, Roman, and Germanic culture? What has been their
functional role or roles within their respective communities? Do you find any commonalities, or any
important distinctions? If so, why do you suppose these exist, and as commonalities or distinctions,
how do they play today in anything like a portrait of the role of contemporary American women? To
what end? Whatever texts you use, include “Antigone” as one of them, and the character of Dido
from the Aeneid as another.
*This term we have examined documents and events key to four distinct cultural groups—the
Persians, the Greeks, the Romans, and the Northern Europeans. Given what you have discovered,
consider the human condition. Is it improving or progressing? If so, in what ways? If not, why not—
and to what end? Use specific details from our readings and notation of key events to support
perhaps three general assertions about the human condition you make, and based on your
supported assertions, what do you predict for our future?
*It is often said that human beings are generally conflictful. Is this true? If so, prove it, given at least
four of our texts read this term, and speculate about what this means for any relationship we ought
to maintain to our past, as well as how we ought to go about making our future. If not conflictful,
then what are we, and likewise speculate. Remember, the devil is in the details. Whatever texts you
use, include the “Melian Dialogue” among them.
*The Illiad, Medea, Caesar’s Gallic Wars, and Tacitus’ Germania, and Beowulf tell the story of men
at war, or of cultures dominated by warring men. But there are also several women in the books. Based
on those whom we have met, what are the varied roles of women within the community of these
ancient Greeks, Romans, and Germans? How did those roles change over time and space, and how do
they differ from one another, and from the roles of women in contemporary American society? What do
you make of what has remained the same, and of what has so changed? What are your predictions for
the future role of women in American society, given its Greco-Roman-Germanic past?
This for 6 page take home essay for Northern European Section, to replace 50% Exam
grade for the Northern European period. This is optional. If you choose to write it, turn it in at the
time of the final and it will serve for the Northern European exam grade. If not, the Northern
European Exam grade will be rolled in with the comprehensive final. RK
*The Germanic peoples lived by a strict set of laws or cultural codes. In the literature, we see the heroes
judged in relation to what has come to be referred to as the Heroic Code for behavior. Identify at least
three aspects of this Heroic Code as you find evidence for them in Gallic Wars, Germania, and Beowulf.
Further, compare and contrast these character traits to generic traits for both the Roman understanding
of the heroic code, and our own understanding of Heroic behavior for men and women today, living in
the 21st century, in Minot, as you see them. Speculate about the significance of what has changed, and
what has remained the same. What is more, as a culture that is always in the process of rewriting codes,
where are we headed in our future understanding of the heroic code? Be thoughtful, specific, and
organized in your response.