WEEK 19
A&P
 Get out your microscopic bone diagram and verify that you
have the following labels for next weeks diagram quiz.






Osteon (haversian system)
Haversian (central) canal
Volkman’s (perforating) canal
Lamellae
Lacunae
Canaliculi
 For the quiz, give a description of each term also.
#10 TRACE THE ROUTE TAKEN BY
NUTRIENTS THROUGH A BONE
2. Haversian Canal
4. Canaliculi
5. Osteocyte
1.Periosteum
3. Perforating
Canal
MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF BONE:
COMPACT BONE # 11
Canaliculi (a)
a
bb
Central canal (b)
Concentrac lamellae (c)
Matrix (d)
c
e
d
Lacunae (e)
Figure 6.6c
# 1 T H E SKU L L IS O N E O F T H E M AJ O R C O M PO NEN T S O F
T H E AXIAL SKE L E TO N . N A M E T H E O T H E R T W O .
Rib Cage
Vertebral Column
#2 What do each of these
component areas protect?
Skull – Brain
Rib Cage – Heart, Lungs
Vertebral Column – Spinal Cord
THE SKULL
The skull, the body’s most complex bony
structure, is formed by the cranium and facial
bones
Cranium – protects the brain and is the site of
attachment for head and neck muscles
Facial bones
 Supply the framework of the face, the sense organs, and
the teeth
 Provide openings for the passage of air and food
 Anchor the facial muscles of expression

#2 Define Suture
Fibrous joints between
skull bones
#3 Name the exception
Where the mandible
meets the temporal
Figure 7.3a
# 4 WHAT ARE THE FOUR MAJOR SUTURES OF
THE SKULL, AND WHAT BONES DO THEY
CONNECT?
The coronal suture joins the frontal bone to the parietal bones.
The sagittal suture joins the two parietal bones to each other.
The lambdoid suture joins the parietal bones to the occipital bone.
The squamous suture joins the parietal bones to the temporal bones.
coronal suture
Squamous
suture
saggital suture
lambdoid suture
# 5 NAME THE EIGHTS BONES OF THE CRANIUM
Parietal (2)
Frontal (1)
Spheniod (2)
Temporal (2)
Occipital
(1)
#6 GIVE TWO FUNCTIONS OF THE SINUSES
Lighten the skull
and resonance
chambers for
speech
# 1 0 ID EN T IF Y T H E F O L L OWIN G BO N ES AN D BO N E M AR KIN G S
16
15
14
1
1.
2.
2 3.
4.
13
5.
6.
12
11
10
9
3
8
7
8.
4 9.
10.
11.
5
12.
13.
14.
6 15.
16.
Saggital Suture
Nasal bone
Medial Nasal
Concha
Inferior Nasal
Concha
Vomer
Mandible
Maxilla
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Temporal
Sphenoid
Parietal
Frontal
Coronal Suture
MUST DO
THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN
33 Bones, 24 which are movable, that are
separated into 5 major areas
The individual bones are lettered and
numbered for their specific areas
Cervical; (Neck) C-1 to C-7
Thoracic; (Vertebrae attached to ribs) T- to T12
Lumbar; (Lower Back) L- to L5
Sacrum; 5 fused bones that attached to Pelvis
Coccyx; 4 bones of the human ‘tail’.
ATLAS AND AXIS
#16 CORRECTLY IDENTIFY THIS
VERTEBRAE
a. Body
b. Lamina
f
c. Pedicle
d
g
b
d. Spinous Process
e. Superior Articular Process
f. Transverse Process
e
h
g. Vertebral Arch
c
h. Intervetebral foramina
a
1 7 . C O R R E C T LY I D E N T I F Y E A C H D E S C R I B E D S T R U C T U R E
cervical
atlas
thoracic
sacrum
lumbar
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
coccyx
axis
lumbar
thoracic
sacrum
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Veretbral types with forked spinous process
Pivots on C2; lacks a body
Bear facets for articulation with ribs
Forms a joint with the hip bone
Vertebra with a blocklike body and short
stout spinous process
“Tail bone”
Articulates with occipital condyles
Five components; unfused
Twelve components; unfused
Five components; fused
18 .
I D E N T I F Y T H E V E RT E B R A E T Y P E S B E L O W A N D T H E
FOLLOWING STRUCTURES; TRANSVERSE PROCESS, SPINOUS
P R O C E S S , B O D Y, S U P E R I O R A RT I C U L A R P R O C E S S ,
superior
articular
process
Thoracic
1 8 . ID EN T IF Y T H E VERT EBR AE T YPES BEL O W AN D T H E
F O L L OWING ST R U C T U R ES
Vertebral Foramen
Cervical
a
b
21. IDENTIFY THE
FOLLOWING STRUCTURES
A. ATLAS
B. AXIS
C. A DISC
D. TWO THORACIC
VERTEBRAE
E. TWO LUMBAR
VERTEBRAE
F. SACRUM
d
c
e
f
The Bony Thorax
#22 The major bony components of the thorax are
The ribs and the sternum
#23 What is the general shape of the Thoracic Cage?
An inverted cone shape
#24 Identify the regions and landmarks of the bony thorax
b
e
a
g
c
d
f
a.
Body
b.
Costal cartilage
c.
False ribs
d.
Floating ribs
e.
Manubrium
f.
Sterunm
g.
Xiphoid Process