Skeletal System Review Outline
1. Functions of the Skeletal System: Know all five
2. Classification of Bone: Long, Short, Flat, Irregular
a. Be able to give examples of each
b. Know the anatomy of a long bone
3. Bone Remodeling and Maintenance
a. Know the hormones involved and what they do: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and
calcitonin
b. Other factors: Gravity, exercise
c. Calcium homeostasis and functions
4. Spongy vs. Compact Bone
a. Know the anatomy of a long bone
5. Axial vs. Appendicular Skeleton
a. Be able to identify bones as part of the axial or appendicular divisions
6. Sinuses
a. What are they?
b. What are their functions?
c. What bones contain the paranasal sinuses?
7. The Vertebral Column
a. Know the 5 regions and general characteristics of each region
b. Know the names of the first two cervical vertebrae
8. The Ribs
a. Know the differences between true, false and floating ribs
9. Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles
a. Know the bones that make up the pelvic bone
b. Know the differences between the male and female pelvis
c. Know the bones that make up the pectoral girdle
10.Joints
a. Know the main types: Synarthroses, diarthroses, amphiarthroses
b. Provide examples of each type and describe the movement allowed
c. Know the structure of a typical diarthrotic joint
Skeletal System Review: Labeling
Full Skeleton:
Acetabulum
Manubrium
Phalanges (2x)
Talus
Costal cartilage
Femur
Humerus
mandible
patella
sternum
coccyx
occipital
frontal
ischium
parietal
sacrum
scapula
carpals
clavicle
metacarpals
metatarsals
radius
rib
temporal
ilium
ulna
xiphoid process
calcaneus
maxilla
pubis
tarsals
tibia
fibula
Vertebral Column:
Long Bone Anatomy:
Synovial Joint:
Atlas
Axis
Sacrum
Lumbar region
Coccyx
Cervical region
Thoracic region
compact bone
medullary cavity
epiphysis
articular cartilage
yellow marrow
red marrow
periosteum
Diaphysis
Epiphyseal line
Cancellous (spongy) bone
articular cartilage
fibrous capsule
synovial membrane
synovial cavity
Skull (anterior and lateral):
frontal
lacrimal
vomer
styloid process
lambdoidal suture
parietal
maxilla
mastoid process
mental foramen
squamosal suture
occipital
mandible
zygomatic arch
foramen magnum
temporal
sphenoid
zygomatic
nasal
coronal suture
external auditory meatus
Vertebra:
Body
Pedicle
spinous process
vertebral foramen
articulating process
vertebral arch
transverse process
Lab Practical:
The lab practical and labeling test will be taken together. You can work on the labeling portion of the test
while at the “rest stations”. The labeling portion will have a word bank (matching). This may be used for the
practical portion. The practical will cover all the components of the lab as well as the “practice” practical.