Standard 2
Fashion Marketing
• Student will understand the basics of fashion marketing.
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Objective 1: Define Marketing Terms
Objective 2: Describe the 4 P’s of Marketing
Objective 3: Describe the methods of market segmentation
Objective 4: Describe the six marketing functions
• The process of developing, promoting, and
distributing products to satisfy customers’ needs and
wants. It is a series of activities that fashion
businesses undertake so that customers will buy
products from them instead of their competitors.
• To market effectively, fashion marketers follow the
principles of the marketing concept, which is the
idea that businesses must satisfy customers’ needs
and wants in order to make a profit.
• The specific group of people that a
business is trying to reach.
• Identifying a group of consumers, or target market, is
achieved through market segmentation, which is a
way of analyzing a market by categorizing specific
characteristics.
• Demographics: personal
characteristics such as age, gender,
income, ethnic background, education,
religion, occupation, & lifestyle. For
Example: A retailer such as PacSun
targets a teen or young adult customer.
• Psychographics: based on
social & psychological characteristics such
as attitudes, interests & opinions. For
example: PacSun, many of the customers
may be interested in surfing or
skateboarding.
• Geographics: statistics about
where people live. Could include: region,
city, county, & climate. For example:
PacSun tends to focus its marketing
campaigns in warmer & coastal regions
rather than in colder climates.
• Behavioral Segmentation :statistics
about consumers based on their
knowledge, attitudes, use, or response to
a product.
• Purchase Occasion: instance when a consumer
might use a product – casual or work attire.
• Product Benefits: study of the benefits that
consumers desire in a fashion product or service
such as stain or wrinkle-resistance.
• Usage level & commitment : how often consumers
use a product & their loyalty to purchasing it.
• The planning, buying, and selling of fashion
apparel and accessories to offer the right
merchandise blend to meet consumer demand.
• To sell a fashion product to target customers,
businesses must apply the marketing mix. The
marketing mix consists of four basic marketing
strategies (4Ps) – product, price, place &
promotion.
• Refers to what company is
offering for sale to
customers to satisfy their
needs & wants.
• Includes goods & services.
• Fashion marketers develop
strategies that include
producing, packaging, &
naming a product.
• Examples of Goods:
• Examples of Services:
• The amount of money
consumers will pay for
a product.
• Fashion marketers
must determine how
much consumers are
willing to pay.
• Refers to the way products
are distributed and their
systems of delivery.
• Important place decisions
include how & where a
product will be distributed,
where the customer will
purchase the item, and
when the product is
distributed.
• Any form of
communication that a
business or organization
uses to inform, persuade,
or remind people to buy its
product.
• Pricing
• Channel Management
• Promotion
• Selling
• Product/Service Management
• Marketing-Information Management
• A primary goal of any business is to make a profit. A key
factor in achieving this goal is to price a product accurately.
Pricing includes how much to charge for goods & services in
order to maximize profits. Although companies price their
merchandise based on what the customer is willing to pay, they
must be careful not to set prices so low that business does not
make a profit.
• This marketing function is responsible for identifying, selecting,
monitoring, and evaluating sales channels, also known as
channels of distribution.
• Each channel of distribution is a path or route that goods and
services take from the producer to the ultimate consumer or
industrial user. These paths or routes aren’t physical, however.
Instead, they refer to businesses or people who perform a
variety of activities to enable products to be in the right places
at the right times.
• Effective channel management is often a key to a business’s
success because it puts products in the customers’ hands.
• When new or existing products are developed, fashion
marketers must promote their products to make sales.
Promotion is the communication technique a business uses, such
as advertising, and other promotional methods, to interest
customers in buying the products. Manufacturers also promote
their merchandise to retailers through catalog & Internet
methods.
• The selling function involves the direct personal contact that
businesses have with their customers. Developing good selling
skills is especially important for selling more expensive apparel
and designer fashions. Sales personnel must be able to
communicate the benefits & features of the items so that
customers are willing to pay higher prices.
• Fashion businesses must develop, maintain, & improve their
products in response to customer demands. Fashion producers
look for new ways to use existing items or produce new ones
that will continue to interest the consumer. For example: a
current textile in apparel is spandex. Although this material has
been in existence for years, its popularity increased when
designers began using it for women’s & men’s active-wear
fashions.
• The world of fashion is ever-changing. Gathering information is
critical. Information is obtained primarily through marketing
research, which helps fashion businesses determine their
customers’ preferences & how to better market products.
Businesses are able to effectively use the information through
marketing-information management systems. The five main
elements are:
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Input – reports, past records, or surveys
Storage – storing the information on a computer, jump drive, etc…
Analysis – studying the information gathered
Output – reports of the analysis & conclusions drawn from the information
Decision Making – the final results of the first four elements.
Direct Channel
• The path of distribution in
which products are sold by
the producer directly to the
customer.
Indirect Channel
• The path of distribution of
products that involves one
ore more steps, or
intermediaries. For example,
a product moves from the
manufacturer, to the
wholesaler, to the retailer,
and then to the consumer.