WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT
PY 2000 (JULY 2000-JUNE 2001)
Title 1-B Adults and Dislocated Workers
Administrative Data Research and Evaluation (ADARE) Project
Agreement K-6558-8-00-80-60
Research Project No. 2
Activity and Service Combinations
Prepared for:
Division of Research and Demonstration
Office of Policy and Research
Employment and Training Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
Principal authors:
Peter R. Mueser
Department of Economics
University of Missouri-Columbia
573/882-6427
mueserp@missouri.edu
and
David W. Stevens, Executive Director
The Jacob France Institute
University of Baltimore
410/837-4729
dstevens@ubmail.ubalt.edu
May 29, 2003
The authors accept full responsibility for the tabulations and text as they appear here.
No attribution of agreement with this content should be made to any other person or
organization. ADARE project partners John Baj, Kevin Hollenbeck, Julie Hotchkiss,
Christopher King, and Phillip Rokicki provided the WIASRD data for their ADARE
project states.
1
Graphical Overview
Research question:
–
What services are most common?
–
What variation is there across states?
–
What combinations of services and activities are received?
–
Are there specific patterns that are particularly common,
uncommon?
Method of Analysis
–
PY2000 (7/00-6/01) Adult and Dislocated Worker records are
extracted from WIASRD state data files.
–
States included:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Maryland
Missouri
Texas
Washington
2
We will examine two supportive services coded on the WIASRD
file:
–
–
Item 330: Supportive Services
Item 331: Needs-Related Payments or Stipends
We consider three training services
–
–
–
Item 335: Adult Education Basic Skills and/or Literacy Activities
Item 336: On-the-Job Training
Item 337: Occupational Skills Training or Skills
Upgrading/Retraining, and/or Workplace Training
We look at how many individuals are receiving multiple kinds of
training services and how the training services relate to the
supportive services.
3
Percent Receiving Services
Figure 1: Supportive Services Received (Item 330):
Adults
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
Service Category
Combined Sample
Highest and Lowest State Values
Combined Sample: 7 States
Among Adult recipients, levels of “supportive services” vary:
–
–
–
–
5% overall for Core service recipients.
• Low partly by definition of “Core,” since often service receipt
may cause a recipient to be identified as Intensive or Training.
10% overall for Intensive service recipients.
27% overall for Training service participants.
Large differences across states.
• There is one state that provides no such services to Core
recipients, and one state that provides such services to only 1%
of Intensive recipients. (Maximums are 9% and 18%, for Core
and Intensive recipients, respectively.)
• One state provides such services to only 19% of those
receiving Training, while one provides it to 61%.
4
Percent Receiving Services
Figure 2: Supportive Services Received (Item 330):
Dislocated Workers
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
INTENSIVE
CORE
TRAINING
Service Category
Combined Sample
Highest and Lowest State Values
Combined Sample: 7 States
Among Dislocated Workers:
–
–
–
Proportion receiving support services is similar for Core and
Intensive recipients, parallel to that for Adults.
Proportion of Training recipients with support services among
Dislocated Workers is somewhat smaller than for Adults.
Variation among states for Dislocated Workers is very similar to that
for Adults.
• States with high levels of services for Adults also tend to have
high levels for Dislocated Workers.
5
Figure 3: Needs-Related Payments/Stipends (Item 331):
Adults
Percent Receiving Services
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
Service Category
Combined Sample
Highest and Lowest State Values
Combined Sample: 7 States
Levels of needs-related services are generally low for Adults.
–
–
–
–
–
Average is less than 1% for Core and Intensive service recipients.
5% of Training recipients receive it.
Some states provide no such services to any individuals.
One state provides such services to 29% of Training recipients, but
the maximum among other states is only 6%.
We suspect that these low levels reflect budget constraints not low
levels of need.
6
Figure 4: Needs-Related Payments/Stipends (Item 331):
Dislocated Workers
Percent Receiving Services
20%
10%
0%
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
Service Category
Combined Sample
Highest and Lowest State Values
Combined Sample: 7 States
Levels of needs-related services are also low for Dislocated Workers.
–
–
Proportion receiving benefits is slightly lower than for Adults.
Basic pattern is very similar.
7
We consider three training services
–
–
–
Item 335: Adult Education Basic Skills and/or Literacy Activities
Item 336: On-the-Job Training
Item 337: Occupational Skills Training or Skills
Upgrading/Retraining, and/or Workplace Training
Normally, only individuals coded as in Training received such
services, and so we limit consideration to those in Training.
8
Percent
Participating
Figure 5: Adult Basic Education,
Basic Skills/Literacy (Item 335)
Adults
Dislocated Workers
30%
20%
10%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
All
State
As percent of Training recipients.
Basic Skills/Literacy training is provided to relatively few clients
–
–
–
–
10% of the combined Training sample received such training.
One state offered this training to no Adults or Dislocated Workers in
Training, while another offered it only to 1%.
Highest rate: 22% of Adults in Training in one of the states
participated.
Overall, the proportion of Adults and Dislocated Workers receiving
this component is very similar. (The two states where Dislocated
Workers are more likely than Adults to get such training are
relatively large states, which compensates for the fact that Adults are
more likely to get this service in the other states.)
9
Figure 6: On-the-Job Training (Item 336)
Percent
Participating
Adults
30%
Dislocated Workers
20%
10%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
All
State
As percent of Training recipients.
On-the-Job Training is even less common than Adult Basic
Education/Literacy training (compare figures 5 and 6).
–
–
–
–
–
6% of Adults have OJT.
Overall, OJT is very uncommon for Dislocated Workers (2%).
The maximum is one state where over 20% of Adult Training
recipients participate in OJT.
Two states have OJT participation rates of less than 1% for both
Adults and Dislocated Workers.
We suspect that the low rates of OJT reflect difficulties in
negotiating arrangements with employers in the face of substantial
paperwork burdens.
10
Figure 7: Occupational Skills Training/Upgrading/
Retraining or Workplace Training (Item 337)
Percent Participating
100%
90%
80%
70%
Adults
Dislocated Workers
60%
50%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
All
State
As percent of Training recipients.
Occupational Training/Upgrading/Retraining or Workplace Training
is the most common component in every state.
–
Overall, over 90% of Adults, and over 90% of Dislocated Workers
receiving Training receive this kind of training.
–
The smallest proportion is over 70%.
–
One state is close to 100%.
11
How common is overlap between types of training?
Figure 8: Overlap Between Services for Adults in
Training
100%
5%
335 & 337
80%
60%
Only 1
40%
service
20%
0%
5%
3%
0%
335:Adult Educ.
337 &
336
1%
85%
1%
5%
336: On-the-Job Training 337: Occup. Skills, etc.
Combined Sample: 7 States
Overlap is modest overall:
–
–
–
–
6% of all those receiving Training receive more than one of these
three types.
Almost all of these receive Adult Education and Occupational Skills
training.
Almost no one receives all three types of services (0.1%)
But most of those who receive adult basic educational services also
receive occupational skills training (5% out of 9%)
12
Figure 9: Overlap Between Services for Dislocated
Workers in Training
100%
335 & 337
80%
Only 1
60%
service
40%
20%
0%
335:Adult Educ.
336: On-th-Job Training 337: Occup. Skills, etc.
Patterns for Dislocated Workers are very similar to those for Adults.
13
Individuals in Adult Education Basic Skills
and/or Literacy Activities
21%
Figure 10: Use of
Supportive Services
by Training Type
Received
2%
1%
76%
Supportive
Services Only
On-the-Job Training
23%
1%
0%
76%
Needs Related
Payments Only
Both Supportive
Services & Needs
Related Payments
Occupational Skills Training or/Skills
Upgrading/
Retraining, and/or Workplace
TrainingOccupational
Neither Received
24%
2%
71%
3%
Receipt of services varies little by type of training.
–
–
Nearly 3/4 receive no supportive services.
Up to 5% receive needs-based support.
• Of these, over half are also receiving general supportive
services.
14
Analysis Details
1.0
INTRODUCTION
This is one of seven data-based reports covering Workforce Investment Act clients,
activities and outcomes that will be completed in the current year under U.S.
Department of Labor Agreement K-6558-8-00-80-60. Seven states are
participating in this Administrative Data Research and Evaluation (ADARE)
project--Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Missouri, Texas and Washington.
The overall ADARE project includes seven research and evaluation components:
Research Components
1. Mapping WIA One-Stop client flows.
2. Activity and service combinations (this report).
3. Core indicators of performance.
Evaluation Components
1. WIA One-Stop client flow demographics and status.
2. Low-income and welfare client priorities.
3. 'Flash' impact estimates of performance.
4. Consumer choices, individual training accounts (ITAs), and linkages to
occupations in demand.
This Research Project No. 2 report covers PY 2000 (July 2000-June 2001)
Workforce Investment Act Title I-B Adult and Dislocated Worker exit flows.
Status descriptors are drawn from the Workforce Investment Act Standardized
Record (WIASRD) data file provided by each of the ADARE project states.
Section 2 describes the data that were assembled to prepare the summary
tabulations. Section 3 presents summary tables underlying the graphs presented
above.
15
2.0
2.1
DATA SOURCES AND PROCESSING
Data Source
The base data for Workforce Investment Act client information are obtained from
WIA Standardized Record (WIASRD) data, listing WIA exiters in PY2000 (July
2000-June 2001), provided to each of the ADARE project partners by the WIA
administrative entity in their state. Among the ADARE project states, Florida and
Texas were voluntary early implementers of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998.
This means that the 2000 WIA Program Year covered in this report was the second
year of WIA reporting for Florida and Texas, but only the first year of such reporting
for Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, and Missouri. The WIASRD file has three sections:
(1) individual information; (2) activity and services information; (3) program
outcomes information.
2.2
Data Processing
The Department of Economics at the University of Missouri-Columbia programming
staff completed the following processing steps to arrive at the tabulations that appear
below:
1. WIASRD data element 303 Date of WIA Exit was used to ensure that only exit
dates between July 1, 2000 and June 30, 2001 were included for the Adult and
Dislocated Worker populations. This includes ‘hard’ exits, and ‘soft’ exits based on 90
days having elapsed since the last recorded service.
2. WIASRD data elements 304 Adult (Local) and 305 Dislocated Worker (Local) were
used to select the two sub-populations of interest. Duplication is permitted and does
occur but the number of duplicated cases is very small. Youth, statewide activities
supported by the 15 percent provision in the federal legislation, including Displaced
Homemakers, Rapid Response, and National Emergency Grant funded services to
clients, are not included.
3. WIASRD data element 333 Date of First Training Service was used to assign an
individual to the Training sub-population. Any Adult or Dislocated Worker with a
valid Date of First Training Service was assigned to the Training Services subpopulation.
4. Among remaining individuals meeting our criteria, WIASRD data element 332
Date of First Intensive Service was used to identify those receiving Intensive services.
Individuals with a valid date on this variables (but with not valid date for element
333) were classified as Intensive service recipients, while all others were classified as
Core service recipients.
5. These steps resulted in the assignment of each person to one of the three mutually
exclusive categories of WIA services—Core, Intensive, and Training.
16
3.0 TABULATIONS
This section contains tables providing information on WIA clients aggregated for all
the available states and separately for states, but not identifying the states by name.
This is the information underlying the figures presented above. State-specific
information will be provided when states approve such release.
It is worth stressing that our analyses are limited by the data elements that are
available in the WIASRD file. In particular, the three variables specifying Training
services are very broad, and it is clear that data element 337, Occupational Skills
Training or Skills Upgrading/Retraining, and/or Workplace Training includes a wide
variety of activities, which we cannot separately identify.
A related issue is that differences in service use across states may, in part, reflect
differences in reporting practices. We do not have independent verification of the data
provided to us.
17
FLORIDA, GEORGIA, ILLINOIS, MARYLAND, MISSOURI, TEXAS,
WASHINGTON
TABLE ONE
Services Received for Core, Intensive and Training Participants
Mutually Exclusive by Activity Type But Duplicated Count of Adult and
Dislocated Worker Clients, PY 2000 (July 2000-June 2001)
ADULT
WIASRD
DATA ELEMENT
DISLOCATED WORKER
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
330 Supportive
Services
Received
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
0%
7%
1%
2%
9%
7%
8%
5%
4%
18%
6%
7%
13%
1%
7%
10%
39%
48%
22%
23%
23%
61%
19%
27%
0%
4%
1%
1%
7%
0%
13%
7%
24%
7%
4%
1%
10%
0%
7%
8%
40%
35%
9%
13%
21%
28%
15%
22%
331 Needs-Related
Payments or
Stipends
% Yes
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
4%
0%
0%
0%
0%
7%
1%
1%
2%
0%
1%
% Yes
0%
0%
29%
6%
4%
3%
6%
5%
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
3%
0%
0%
% Yes
0%
0%
6%
0%
0%
0%
1%
1%
% Yes
0%
1%
15%
0%
2%
12%
4%
4%
18
TABLE ONE (CONTINUED)
ADULT
WIASRD
DATA ELEMENT
DISLOCATED WORKER
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
CORE
INTENSIVE
TRAINING
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
% Yes
335 Adult Education
Basic Skills
and/or Literacy
Activities
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
5%
1%
1%
17%
0%
6%
6%
22%
10%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
5%
1%
1%
10%
0%
3%
8%
13%
12%
9%
336 On The-Job
Training
% Yes
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
% Yes
8%
2%
1%
13%
8%
21%
1%
6%
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
% Yes
4%
3%
0%
7%
2%
5%
1%
2%
337 Occupational
Skills Training or
Skills Upgrading/
Retraining, and/
or Workplace
Training
% Yes
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
% Yes
92%
87%
90%
84%
89%
74%
99%
91%
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
% Yes
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
% Yes
96%
95%
94%
93%
91%
94%
100%
95%
19
FLORIDA, GEORGIA, ILLINOIS, MARYLAND, MISSOURI, TEXAS, WASHINGTON
TABLE TWO
Combinations of Services Received for Training Participants Duplicated Count of Adult
and Dislocated Worker Clients, PY 2000 (July 2000-June 2001)
ADULTS RECEIVING TRAINING
335: Adult Educ.
335 Only
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
0%
11%
0%
3%
3%
11%
0%
3%
335 &
336
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
335 &
337
1%
6%
0%
3%
2%
9%
10%
5%
335,
336
&337
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
336: On-the-Job Training
335,
336
336 & 336 & 336
Only
335
337 &337
8%
2%
1%
13%
8%
15%
0%
5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
4%
1%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
337: Occup Skills, etc.
335,
337
337 &
337 &
336
Only 335
336
&337
92%
81%
90%
81%
86%
60%
88%
85%
1%
6%
0%
3%
2%
9%
10%
5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
4%
1%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
DISLOCATED WORKERS RECEIVING TRAINING
335: Adult Educ.
335 Only
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
0%
3%
0%
1%
6%
4%
0%
3%
335 &
336
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
335 Adult Education
Basic Skills
and/or Literacy
Activities
335 &
337
1%
7%
0%
1%
2%
8%
12%
6%
336: On-the-Job Training
335,
336
&337
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
336
Only
336 &
335
4%
2%
0%
5%
2%
2%
0%
2%
336 On The-Job
Training
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
335,
336 & 336
337 &337
0%
1%
0%
2%
0%
1%
1%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
337: Occup Skills, etc.
337
Only
95%
87%
94%
90%
89%
83%
87%
89%
337 &
335
1%
7%
0%
1%
2%
8%
12%
6%
335,
336
&337
337 &
336
0%
1%
0%
2%
0%
1%
1%
1%
337 Occupational
Skills Training or
Skills Upgrading/
Retraining, and/
or Workplace
Training
20
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
0%
FLORIDA, GEORGIA, ILLINOIS, MARYLAND, MISSOURI, TEXAS, WASHINGTON
TABLE THREE
Combinations of Services Received for Training Participants
Duplicated Count of Adult and Dislocated Worker Clients, PY 2000 (July 2000-June 2001)
DISLOCATED WORKER
RECEIVING TRAINING
ADULTS RECEIVING TRAINING
WIASRD
Supportive
Services
Only
Needs
Related
Payments
Only
Both
Supportive
Services &
Needs
Related
Payments
Neither
Received
Supportive
Services
Only
Needs
Related
Payments
Only
Both
Supportive
Services &
Needs
Related
Payments
Neither
Received
Individuals in Adult Education Basic Skills and/or Literacy Activities
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
50%
27%
NA
8%
14%
53%
13%
21%
0%
0%
NA
4%
2%
0%
2%
2%
0%
0%
NA
0%
0%
2%
3%
1%
50%
73%
NA
88%
84%
45%
82%
76%
60%
14%
NA
20%
17%
24%
7%
14%
0%
0%
NA
0%
0%
3%
2%
1%
0%
0%
NA
0%
0%
2%
1%
1%
40%
86%
NA
80%
83%
72%
90%
84%
0%
6%
0%
4%
27%
28%
9%
16%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
0%
9%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
2%
0%
0%
1%
100%
94%
100%
96%
70%
72%
82%
83%
0%
0%
11%
0%
0%
10%
2%
3%
0%
1%
5%
0%
1%
4%
2%
2%
58%
63%
80%
87%
78%
62%
83%
75%
On-the-Job Training
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
2%
17%
0%
10%
16%
57%
29%
23%
0%
0%
0%
6%
1%
0%
1%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
1%
0%
0%
98%
83%
100%
84%
82%
42%
70%
76%
Occupational Skills Training or/Skills Upgrading/
Retraining, and/or Workplace Training
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Aggregate
42%
53%
7%
24%
21%
62%
16%
24%
0%
0%
16%
5%
1%
0%
2%
2%
0%
0%
14%
1%
3%
3%
3%
3%
58%
47%
63%
69%
75%
34%
79%
71%
42%
35%
5%
13%
20%
25%
13%
20%
21