Toolkit for Long-Term
Recovery
Haiti:
Reconstruction
for All
Chapter 1. Focus on Physical Environment
Chapter 3
Transportation and Communication
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A collaboration between GPDD WG on Haiti and IDB
Outline
 Impact of the earthquake
 Why do we build back better?
 How do we build back better?
 How do we ensure access to transportation and
communication for all?
 Take Action!
 Further resources
UN Photo Marco Dormino
Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Pre-Earthquake Facts
on Transportation
 Airports:
14 ( CIA 2009);
 Airports with Paved Runways:
4 (CIA 2009);
 Airports with Unpaved Runways:
10 (CIA 2009).
UN Photo John Isaac
Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Pre-Earthquake Facts
on Transportation
 Roadways:
4,160 km (CIA 2000)
 Paved roadways: 1,011 km (CIA 2000)
Unpaved: 3,149 km (CIA 2000)
 No railways operating.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Pre-Earthquake Facts
on Communication
 Telephone, main lines in use:
108,000 (CIA 2008);
 Telephone – mobile cellular:
3.2 million (CIA 2008);
 Radio broadcast station
AM 41, FM 53,
shortwave 0 (CIA 2009).
UN Photo / Marco Dormino
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Pre-Earthquake Facts
on Communication
 Telephone Lines per 100 people*:
0.8 (2000) / 1.1 (2007);
 Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people*:
0.6 (2000) / 26.00 (2007);
 Internet subscribers per 100 people*:
0.1 (2000) / 1.0 (2007):
 Personal Computer per 100 people*
0.1 (2000) / 5.2 (2007).
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Pre-Earthquake Facts
on Communication
 Internet hosts: 9 (CIA 2009);
 Internet users: 1 million (CIA 2008);
 Internet users per 100 people: 24 (World Bank 2008);
 Information and Communication technology expenditure
(% GDP)
6 % (World Bank 2008).
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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UN Photo Marco Dormino
The value of destroyed
transportation assets has been
estimated at USD 595 million.
(PDNA 2010, PAGE 6)
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Impact of the Earthquake
on Communication
 Haiti's telecommunications and IT infrastructure was
housed primarily in the capital city of Port-au-Prince and it
was completely destroyed.
 The value of destroyed transportation assets has been
estimated at USD Million 94.00 (PDNA 2010, page 31).
 Estimated total for reconstruction needs following the
disaster USD Million 113.5 (PDNA 2010, page 34).
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Why do we build back
BETTER?
 To ensure that reconstruction:
• Does not become a reason for exclusion;
• Narrows socio-economic inequities & promotes equal
opportunities;
• Is inclusive for all, including people with disabilities
and the aging population;
• Provides access to education, health, sustainable
livelihoods, community living, political participation
(e.g. voting), and public participation;
• Facilitates inclusive disaster risk reduction and
management.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Why do we build back
BETTER?
 To help the Government of Haiti meet its goals and
obligations:
• Haiti has ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities (CRPD); Required to ensure that persons with
disabilities can access their environment, transportation, public
facilities and services, and information and communications
technologies;
• Disability is a cross-cutting issue in Haiti’s PRSP;
• To meet key targets under Haiti’s Action Plan for Reconstruction
and National Development.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Convention on the Rights of Persons
with Disabilities
Article 9: Accessibility
To enable persons with disabilities to live independently and
participate fully in all aspects of life, States Parties shall take
appropriate measures to ensure to persons with disabilities access, on
an equal basis with others, to the physical environment, to
transportation, to information and communications, including
information and communications technologies and systems, and to
other facilities and services open or provided to the public, both in
urban and in rural areas (….)
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Accessible Architecture
A Human-Rights Foundation
 Accessible buildings create opportunities and access
for everyone in society;
 Access to all buildings and spaces – housing, retail,
community spaces, parks, government buildings, etc.
 Usability, dignity, visitability, and equality help
people of all ages and abilities to engage, participate,
and contribute. This benefits not only their own sense
of well being, but the well-being of their families,
communities and their country.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Approach to Accessibility
 A multidisciplinary approach*
 An inclusive approach*
 A rights based approach*
 A gender-based approach*
UN Photo Marco Dormino
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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How do we build
inclusively?
 In building transportation systems, a wide variety of user
functional abilities must be considered:
• Strength, dexterity, endurance;
• Visual, auditory, environmental sensitivities;
• Cognitive mental abilities;
• Language, literacy;
• Age – 5 to 85;
• Height – 900-2400mm.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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How do we promote Information
and Communications ?
 Access to information creates opportunities for everyone in
society.
 Access to information refers to all information.
 In all societies, people use information in many forms to make
decisions about their daily lives. Depending on the society,
this can range from actions such as being able to read price
tags, to physically enter a hall to participate in a gathering, to
read a pamphlet with healthcare information, to understand a
bus schedule or a note from a school teacher, or to view
WebPages.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Accessible ICT: Human Rights Foundation
 Universal Design (UD)- Promote UD in Development of ICT
Standards & Guidelines
 Accessible Information- Provide Information in Accessible Formats &
Accessible Information about New Technologies & Support Services
 Accessible Communications- Promote Accessible Phone,
Broadcasting and Web Sites
 Accessible Technologies- Undertake or Promote Research,
Development, Availability & Affordability of Assistive Technologies
& UD of Mainstream Technologies
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Types of Accessible ICT
• Cell Phones- with Predictive Text; Speech-to-Text & Textto Speech Functions
• Public Phones- Accessible Locations; Reach Range for
Users of Wheelchairs; Volume Control for Hard of
Hearing; TTYs for Deaf
• Fixed Line Phones- Including Relay Services for the Deaf
& Persons with Speech Disabilities
• Broadcasting Services- TV Captioning and/or Sign
Language Interpretation
• Web Sites- W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Use of Accessible ICT
 Assistive Technologies for Reasonable Accommodations in the
Workplace & Telework
 Accessible Electronic Kiosks for Banking and Informational Interactive
Services
 Accessible Emergency Services for Disaster Management
 Accessible Electronic Documents such as Tagged Portable Document
Format (PDF) and DAISY
 Mandate to Procure Accessible ICT Drives Market Place Incentives for
Designing Accessible ICT
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Take Action!
• Best Practices in ICT Accessibility
•
•
•
•
South Africa – National Accessibility Portal (NAP)
Sweden “Total Conversation”
Single European Emergency Number
Digital System Accessible Information (DAISY)
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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Take Action!
• Best Practices in Accessible Transportation
• T. Mobility for all Accessible Transportation Around the
World. A guide to making transportation accessible for
persons with disabilities and elders in countries around the
world.
An Initiative of the GPDD Working Group on Haiti and the IDB
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