Prejudice and Persecution
Why do some groups get treated
differently to others?
Learning Objective and Skills
• To recap on full course PRE and know the causes of prejudice and recap on
the prejudice and persecution
Literacy
Resourcefulness
Resilience
Relationships
Reasoning
Reflectiveness
Numeracy
Tribalism
Group
identity
Fear of
outsiders
Propaganda
Education
Family and
peers
Scapegoats
Nationalism
Ignorance
Equal
opportunities
legislation
Role of
socialisation
Media
Stereotypes
Systematic
persecution
Discrimination
Prejudice
Negotiation
Genocide
Causes of
Prejudice
Persecution
Intolerance
Sanctions
Arbitration
Violence
Affirmative
action
International
action
Reconciliation
Resolving
Prejudice,
Persecution
and
Discrimination
Prejudice
and
Persecution
Forms of
Prejudice and
Persecution
Gender
Sexuality
Employment
Campaigns
Age
Race
Force
Case studies of
Prejudice
leading to
Persecution
Case Study:
Preventing
homophobia
in schools
Case Study:
Rwanda 1994
Causes
Effects
Education
Disability
Case Study:
Nazi Germany
1930s
Religion
Institutional
discrimination
Causes
Effects
Starter
match the key words with the definitions
Aqa Humanities prejudice and persecution key words
Apartheid The policy of the South African government from 1948 to 1990, which said that
different racial groups should live seperately; and have their own services and facilities (such as
housing, education, health care, transport and leisure facilities).
Discrimination Treating an individual or group differently from the rest of the group or population.
An example of discrimination is a particular ethnic group being stopped and searched by the police
much more often than other groups.
Economic Conditions The national wealth and material success of a society or country. This can
refer to levels of employment, average wages, access to resources and level of international trade.
Fundamentalist A word describing religious beliefs which treat the words of the sacred texts (for
example, the Bible and the Qur'an) as being literally true.
Genocide Wiping out a group completely, by deliberate killing or removing vital resources (food,
water and medical care) so it cannot survive.
Colonisation Where one country takes control of the governments, economics and legal systems
of other territories/countries in the world in order to extend its own power.
Inferior; Less good than others.
Institutional Racism Racial discrimination which takes place unconsciously, in state and commercial
organisations (for example, education system, police forces, work places), as a result of widely held
stereotypes among their members.
Intolerance Not accepting or respecting different opinions, behaviour or people.
Nationalism The belief that your country and culture are superior to others. This belief can lead to
the idea that other cultures and ethnic groups are inferior and should be kept apart
Persecution Victimising and mistreating a group or individual persistently over time. It can take
many forms: verbal abuse, physical abuse, denial of rights, exclusion from certain places, torture,
death and genocide.
Political Ideology A set of beliefs and values held by a political party. For example, the Nazi Party
believed that the Germans were the Aryan race which was superior to all other races in the world.
Therefore they believed that the German people should dominate the world.
Prejudice An attitude or opinion about an individual or a group which is formed without having all the
facts. Prejudice means to pre-judge someone. A prejudice is usually negative (though it can be positive,
for instance, believing that all celebrities are people to be admired). Prejudices often influence the way
people behave towards other people.
Racism Prejudice based on the myth that race is the main factor determining human personalities and
abilities. Racism includes the belief that one race is superior or inferior to another
Scapegoating The blaming of an individual or a group for some problem which has nothing to do with
them. A scapegoat is an individual or group who is wrongly blamed for something.
Segregation Organising a community so that certain groups are separated. They live, work, go to
school, shop and eat in separate places, and the intention is that the group do not meet on a social
level.
Stereotype A simple generalised belief about a type of person or a group of people which does not
take into account individual differences.
Stereotyping Believing that everyone in a particular social or cultural group is the same, and has the
same attitudes, ablities and characteristics.
Superior Better than others.
Systematic Discrimination Discrimination that is the result of deliberate intention, for example, to
undermine, attack or even destroy a specific group.
Systematic Persecution The deliberate and organised harassment and murder of people.
Violence An act of aggression which is intended to cause pain.
Campaign A series of co-ordinated actions which work towards particular objectives.
Tribalism The existence of people who share a story or group identity.
Imperialism The act of creating an empire by invading other countries.
Propaganda Information which is used to influence others’ opinion
What are the causes of prejudice?
For each cause say how it is a cause and give an example.
State what the relationship between prejudice, discrimination and persecution
What are the
different types
of prejudice and
give examples
for each
Slide One
What is
happening?
Who?
Where?
When?
Why?
Apartheid in South Africa
Until 1948 black and white people in South Africa were able
to live peacefully and mingle in mixed race
neighbourhoods. But in 1948 the government decided that
people were not allowed to mix.
People were segregated to different areas, mixed-race
married couples were forced to live apart and their children
were judged by the colour of their skin to decide which
parent they lived with.
Even though South Africa is a predominantly Black African
country, it was the white immigrants who ran the country,
took the best housing and had more places to socialise.
There were set times and days for races to mix and these
were not very often.
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela spoke out against the apartheid and was
thrown in prison in 1989. He was released in 1994 when it
was decided that the races in South Africa should share
power and the race laws should be abolished.
Prejudice: white people are better than blacks and should
run the country. Black people can’t do academic or
challenging jobs because they are black. Mixed race
children should not be allowed.
Discrimination: segregating white and black, banning black
African people from public places in their own country,
moving people of different races to separate areas, splitting
up mixed-race families.
Slide Two
What is
happening?
Who?
Where?
When?
Why?
American Civil Rights Movement
In the 1950’s and 1960’s Black Americans did not have the
same rights as White Americans. They had special seats
on the bus, were not allowed in certain public places, had
no right to vote and were not protected by the law as well
as White people were.
In 1955 a black woman called Rosa Parks refused to give
up her seat to a white man. This started the Montgomery
Bus Boycotts which saw the bus company finally back
down on its segregation policy. The Black Civil Rights
Movement fought racial discrimination through until they
were awarded the vote in 1965. Today there are still many
groups in America that fight racism, but racism is now
against the law.
Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King
Rosa Parks became an icon for the Black Civil Rights
movement after being arrested for refusing to give up her
seat. She was supported and became a key figure for the
arguments of Martin Luther King.
Prejudice: Black people are not as important as white
people, black people are inferior, only white people
understand America enough to vote, black people cannot
learn.
Discrimination: The segregation laws – not allowing black
people into restaurants and cinemas etc, forcing black
people to give up their seats to whites, not allowing black
people equal access to education.
Slide Three
What is
happening?
Who?
Where?
When?
Why?
The Holocaust or The Shoah
The word Holocaust means ‘whole burning’ which
refers to the fact that once the Nazi’s had
systematically killed 6 million Jews, Gypsies and
Homosexuals their bodies were burned.
Some Jews prefer to use the word Shoah which means
‘devouring wind’ to refer to the way Nazi rule swept
through Europe destroying the Jewish people they
found in their path. It is against the Jewish religion to
burn bodies, as they believe they should be returned
whole to the ground from which God crafted the first
man – Adam. Burning their bodies was a final insult
after death.
Anne Frank’s diary is the second most widely read nonfiction book in the world (the first is the Christian Bible).
She accounts of the anti-Jewish laws and the progressively
increasing discrimination against the Jews. Many people
feel that if Hitler had tried ‘the final solution’ of killing Jews
to start with more people would have tried to stop him.
Prejudice: Jews, gypsies, homosexuals and the disabled are
people who do not deserve to be alive, only true Germans
deserve food and money, people with blonde hair and blue
eyes are the best...
Discrimination: Jews cannot own cars or bikes, Jews cannot
go to the cinema or use public facilities, Jews must live in
Ghetto’s or concentration camps, disabled babies must be
starved from birth, old people who are ill must be
euthanized, people of low intelligence cannot have
children...
Slide Four
What is
happening?
Who?
Where?
When?
Why?
Darfur
The Darfur Region is a part of Sudan the same size as France. In
an Arab-dominated country, Darfur's population is mostly Black
African. For years, there have been tensions between the
mostly African farmers and the mostly Arab herders, who have
competed for land.
In 2003 when the Black African farmers rose up and asked for
more land the government armed a terrorist cell called the
Janjawid who attacked their villages, raped women and killed
men and children. By 2008 300,000 people were dead and by
2009 2.5 million Black Africans were homeless.
Look at the village of Ishma on this satellite image to see the
impact on just one small area (its on the right hand size 5th from
the bottom) http://www.eyesondarfur.org/satellite.html.
Darfur Testimonies
“Five men who tried to run away were captured by
the Janjawid... They tied ropes around their necks
and then to their horses and then rode their horses
back and forth dragging their bodies about for five or
ten minutes. Blood was pouring out of their mouths
and noses” (Anonymous, 2004)
“They raped women; I saw many cases of Janjawid
raping women and girls. They are happy when they
rape. They sing when they rape and they tell that we
are just slaves and that they can do with us how they
wish.” (A. aged 37, from Mukjar Camp).
Darfur Today
Today the United Nations and African League of
Nations are trying to ensure peace and an end to
the genocide in Darfur. However, there is still
trouble and Black Africans are still being targeted.
Prejudice: Black Arabs are better than Black
Africans, Black Arabs deserve the farmland more,
Black African women are not important, Black
African children should not be educated.
Discrimination: The Janjawid destroying homes,
schools, lives and raping women.
What are the different examples of prejudice
and discrimination?
• Sexism:- Sexism is when you are against someone because of their
gender. For example you may not give a builders job to a person
because they are a woman
• Racism:- Racism is being against someone who comes from a different
race. For example, Hitler discriminated against the Jews because they
originated from a different race.
• Ageism;- Ageism is being against someone due to their age. For
example a youth in a newsagents but the adult being served first even
though the youth was in the queue before the adult.
• Disability;- Disability is being against someone because they are
disabled. For example, not talking to someone because they are in a
wheelchair.
• Class People can be negative towards someone because of their class,
for example upper class people not mixing with working class people.
• Colour: People can be negative towards someone because of their
colour, for example not giving a person a job because of the colour of
their skin.
What is the link?
People who have been hated because of their colour, race, religion….
Picture One is of Nelson Mandela was an activist against apartheid (segregation of blacks
and white) in Africa in the 1960’s. and was imprisoned for 27 years. He later became
president of South Africa from 1994-1999.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/11/newsid_2539000/2539947.s
tm
Picture two is of Martin Luther King who stood up against racism in the 1960’s in
America and won the noble peace prize and got the vote for black people.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/4/newsid_2453000/2453987.stm
Picture three is the persecution of the Jews during world war 2 where approximately 6
million Jews were killed
http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_2680000/newsid_2680000/2680053.stm
Picture four is of the persecution of the black African’s at the hands of the black Arabs.
At least 300,000 people have died and 2.4 million people been thrown out of their
homes. This is happening in Darfur now.
http://www.eyesondarfur.org/satellite.html
Picture Five is examples of people who live in absolute poverty this means that they cannot
survive, they have no food, homes, education and cannot support themselves, the first is of
someone on the streets of London, the other is of a child in the UK in absolute poverty
http://www.endchildpoverty.org.uk/why-end-child-poverty/key-facts
Is it fair what has happened to these people? Why?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ignorance
Stereotyping
Scapegoating
Influence of parents
Influence of media
Experience
Different religious beliefs or culture
Look different e.g. skin colour
Fear
Peer pressure
Economic Circumstances
Lack of education
What are your first impressions ?
What do they do? Where do they
work?
What are your first impressions ?
Was it right to
ask this question
about these
people?
WHY?
What’s the link?
Whats the key
word?
Whats the
definition?
• Some of you were given key words or
definitions, can we match them?
• Sexism
ageism
discrimination
prejudice
racism disability class colour
What is positive discrimination?
• Positive discrimination looks at trying to give
people who would normally be discriminated
against to get a job.
• The UK introduced an equality act which
means that everyone should have a fair
chance to an education, or job regardless of
their gender, race, disability or class.
•types of prejudice, including religion, race, colour, gender, age, disability, class,
lifestyle, looks;
•the causes and origins of prejudice, including ignorance, stereotyping,
scapegoating, influence of parents or media, victims of prejudice, experience;
•concepts of tolerance, justice, harmony and the value of the individual;
•religious attitudes to prejudice and discrimination;
•effects of prejudice and discrimination (including the idea of positive
discrimination);
•religious responses to prejudice and discrimination by individuals,
groups, society and the law;
•religious believers who have fought against prejudice, e.g. Mahatma
Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Desmond Tutu
What is the AIM today?
• 1) to recap key terms, prejudice, discrimination,
sexism, ageism, racism, positive discrimination
• 2) To introduce students to exam questions and
by the end of the lessons students should be
comfy answering two mark questions
• 2) to introduce students to sexism a type of
sexism and by the end of the lesson be able to
give examples of different types of sexism and if
time look at some Christian teachings and how
they can apply to sexism
What is wrong with this picture?
• What is stereotyping? (1 mark)
A stereotype is having an idea and prejudging a person by this idea, for
example seeing a woman as inferior to men because they are women.
• What is scapegoating? (1 mark)
A scapegoat is someone you blame for your own problems. For example in
Britain some people scapegoat immigrants and say they are taking all our
jobs.
Target: Knowledge of what is meant by
stereotyping (1 mark) AO1
Target: Knowledge of what is meant by
scapegoating (1 mark) AO1
Candidates may include any of the
following points:
Regarding a person as a conventional type
rather than an individual / a preconceived
and over-simplified idea of the
characteristics which typifies a person.
Candidates may include any of the
following points:
A form of prejudice which involves
blaming and labelling people by saying
they are responsible for your problems.
Give two causes of racism. (2 marks)
Target: Knowledge of causes of racism (2 marks) AO1
Candidates may include any of the following points:
Ignorance / stereotyping / scapegoating / influence of
parents / influence of media / victims of prejudice
themselves / experience / different religious beliefs or
culture / look different e.g. skin colour / fear / peer
pressure / economic circumstances, etc.
Exam Check 3
• Give two causes of prejudice. (2 marks)
Target: Knowledge of causes of prejudice (2 marks) AO1
Candidates may include any of the following points:
Ignorance / stereotyping / scapegoating / influence of
parents / influence of media / victims of prejudice
themselves / experience / different religious beliefs or
culture / look different e.g. skin colour / fear / peer
pressure / economic circumstances, etc.
Exam Check 4
• Give two causes of discrimination. (2 marks)
Target: Knowledge of causes of discrimination(2 marks)
AO1
Candidates may include any of the following points:
Ignorance / stereotyping / scapegoating / influence of
parents / influence of media / victims of prejudice
themselves / experience / different religious beliefs or
culture / look different e.g. skin colour / fear / peer
pressure / economic circumstances, etc.
Over to you
• 1) What is ageism? (1) define and give an
example)
• 2) what is racism (1)?
• 3) Give two examples of sexism (2)
• 4) Give two causes of racism (2)
The Pentagon in the USA has twice
as many toilets as it needs. WHY?
Answer: because when it was built there
was a law against black and white people
being able to use the same toilets. It was
built with toilets for white women, black
women, white men and black men.
Possible Qs
4. Give the meaning of the term ‘nationalism’. Use
your own studies to answer. (2 marks)
5. Briefly explain two ways of reducing
persecution. Use your own studies to answer. (4
marks)
6. Explain how equal opportunities legislation can
help to reduce prejudice and discrimination. Use
your own studies to answer. You should write
about at least two of the following:
● race
● gender
● religion
● disability. (12 marks)