BK
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Outpost-Distant military station.
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Sepoy-Indian soldier in an army set up by the
French or English East India Company.
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In 1510 Portugal seized the Island of Goa, off
the Indian coast.
◦ Became military & commercial base
◦ All under commander Afonso de Albuquerque
◦ Moved to end Muslim power and turn the Indian
Ocean to the Portugal Lake.
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Afonso ruined costal towns and Arab fleets
Portuguese attacked Aden at the Red Sea
1511- Afonso took Malacca, murdering
Muslims and becoming feared and hated.
In under 50 years they:
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Built and controlled a trade empire
Military/Merchant outposts
Gained control of the South
Seized Cities in East Africa
 Resupplying and repairing ships
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Had sea power but barely no spot in Asian Trade.
◦ Not enough strength or resources, unlike competitors.
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In Goa:
◦ Attacked Muslims
◦ Destroyed temples of Hindu
*Introduced Inquisition!*
◦ Sank Muslim ships, on way to Mecca.
◦ Sometimes got to trade and sometimes received the cold
shoulder.
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Were the First Europeans to challenge the
Portuguese.
Netherlands used to be a bunch of provinces
and cities on North Sea.
Known for crafts and trade.
Due to Royalty (marriages) it become under
Spain's rule in early 1500.
Protestant north provinces won their
independence.
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1599 Dutch return to Amsterdam (1 year later)
Happy Return
Investor’s got all profit from adventure
Very successful
Late 1500’s warships and trading vessels
made them the forefront of European
commerce.
New power used to:
 Set up colonies
 Create trade posts
 Built Cape Town Settlement
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1602 wealthy Dutch built The Dutch East
India Company
Tried to become major power holders
1641 captured Malacca, opened trade with
China
Enforced Monopoly in Spice Islands
Controlled shipments to Europe and
Southeast Asia
Used Military force
Forged ties to local rulers
Married Asian Women
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Took over Philippines
Magellan claimed archipelago in 1521 for Spain
Within 50 years Spain colonized Islands and renamed
them.
◦ Renamed for Kind Phillip II
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Filipinos aren’t united, and easy to conquer
Reformation
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Spanish priests tried to convert the Filipino to
Christianity
Missionaries tried spreading teachings in China and
Japan
Philippines became the trading empire
Shipped silver across the pacific
Used silver to buy goods
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European traders now enjoyed strength and
prosperity
1526 Babur founded Mughal Dynasty
Europeans were dazzled by India and their
high luxury goods
European could not live up to the
sophisticated Mughal Indians
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Lead manufacturer in:
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Silk
Cotton cloth
Sheer muslins
Elaborate chintzes
Handicrafts
Ships
Mughal Empire was bigger and better than any
other European Kingdom
Portuguese, Dutch, English, and French were
allowed with time to build forts and warehouses.
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Conflicts between Hindu and Muslim princes
due to the ended policy of religious toleration
Long silver war had worn out Mughal
resources
Rulers increase on tax caused rebellion
Early 1700’s didn’t have many powerful
leaders
Central government collapsed.
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Mughal power faltered, traders rivaled off of Indian
princes.
Made alliances with officials and independent party's
Each side had a army of sepoys.
Mid 1700’s British and French still had been having a
power struggle, resulting in war
◦ The fight soon included Asia and the Americas due to its
rapid spread
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Robert Clive- British East India Company Agent.
◦ Made army of sepoys and troops to drive the French
Forced Mughal emperor to recognize it should be
collecting taxes
Late 1700’s company became ruler of Bengal
◦ Used wealth to influence India
Great Britain dominated trade in what country from the
late1700s through the 1900s?
Portugal
 How did Portugal gain control of trade in Southeast Asia?
Seized off Island Of Goa under Afonso de Alberqerque
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Who did Portugal lose control of trade routes in the Indian
Ocean to in the 1600’s?
Dutch
 Who took over the spice trade from the Portuguese?
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Dutch