Fri 12/06
• Check updated grades on window
• Chp.8 Test retakes  before or after
school everyday till next Friday!!!
• Glue INB check onto pg.62
Objective
• Describe the structure of the DNA
molecule.
Pg.63 – Chp.10 Title Page
– Write title of chapter from textbook
– Draw 3 pictures from chp.10
– Write 3 key words from chp.10
– Color with at least 3 colors
In: pg 64
Quick write—2 minutes
Write down everything you know about
DNA.
Thru 1-Pg 65
Cornell Notes-Ch 10
DNA
Nucleic Acids
• A biomolecule.
• 2 types—DNA and RNA
• Determine the traits of an organism
• Made of monomers called nucleotides.
Nucleotides
Has 3 parts:
1. Phosphate group
2. Sugar
3. Nitrogenous base
– Nucleotides bond
together to make long
molecules of DNA or
RNA.
What is DNA’s purpose?
1. DNA contains all the genetic information
for the organism.
2. It determines the traits an organism will
have.
3. It does this by coding for the proteins that
an organism makes.
– That’s all it does----it’s a blue print for proteins
Where is DNA?
• DNA is located in the
nucleus of cells.
• It is stored in
structures called
chromosomes.
DNA structure
A nucleotide of DNA consists of:
1. Phosphate group
2. Deoxribose sugar
3. 1 of 4 nitrogenous bases
Purines-2 C and N rings
Adenine(A)
Guanine(G)
Pyrimidines-1 C and N ring
Cytosine(C)
Thymine(T)
DNA molecule
• Double helix
(twisted ladder)
– 2 strands of
sugar/phosphate
make up the side of
the “ladder”.
– Bases make up the
steps of the “ladder”.
– Bases are held
together by
hydrogen bonds.
• Complementary
base pairs
A-T
C-G
Finish Cornell Notes
• 3 questions
• 3-sentence summary
Pg. 66-67
3 column vocab
1. Nucleotide
2. Deoxyribose
3. Nitrogenous base
4. Purine
5. Pyrimidine
6.Base-pairing rules
7.Helicase
8.DNA polymerase
9.Mutation
Homework
• 3 column vocab
Out
Come up with a memory
trick--some way to
remember the
following:
A pairs with T
C pairs with G
Examples:
AT&T phone company
Cover Girl
Mon 12/9
• Reminder: Chp.8 test retakes are
available everyday before or after
school till Friday!
In: Pg.68
• What is the purpose of DNA?
Pg.69 - DNA
Timeline
***Due Wednesday***
• Must have at least 5 events (scientist name and
what they did) & 5 colored pictures:
–
–
–
–
–
Frederick Griffith
Oswald Avery
Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase
James Watson & Francis Crick
Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins
• Make it to scale.
• Pictures may be printed but must be in color.
• Extra events about the discovery and understanding
of DNA may be added for extra credit!
Homework
• Work on Timeline
–due on Wednesday!!!!
OUT
Which
scientist(s) is/are
credited with
discovering the
structure of the
DNA molecule?
Tues 12/10
• Reminder: Last day for Chp.8 Test
retake is Friday!
• DNA Timeline is due TOMORROW!
• DNA model & Analysis Questions
– 2 days, will be due Thursday
REVIEW - DNA structure
A nucleotide of DNA consists of:
1. Phosphate group
2. Deoxribose sugar
3. 1 of 4 nitrogenous bases
Purines-2 C and N rings
Adenine(A)
Guanine(G)
Pyrimidines-1 C and N ring
Cytosine(C)
Thymine(T)
DNA molecule = Double helix
(twisted ladder)
2 strands of
sugar/phosphate
make up the side of the
“ladder”.
Bases make up the
steps of the “ladder”.
Bases are held
together by hydrogen
bonds.
• Complementary base
pairs  A-T, C-G
In: pg.70
1. Tape in the diagram of the 4 types of DNA
nucleotides.
2. Label the phosphate group, the
deoxyribose sugar and the base on each
nucleotide.
3. Look at the bases, each nucleotide has a
different type of base.
4. Identify each base by name.
Pg.71 - DNA model
Build Model & Tape on this page.
• 4 nucleotides long
• Any base order-use the shapes to help you put it together.
• Color each part a different color.
• Make a color-coded key!
Questions: (write & answer underneath model)
1. How many nucleotides long is your DNA molecule?
2. What are the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide?
3. What is the role of H bonds in this molecule?
4. What molecules make up the “backbones”?
5. What part of the backbone do the bases attach to?
6. What do you notice is different between the 2
backbones in your completed DNA molecule?
Wed 12/11
• INB Quiz #4
• After  Finish DNA model and analysis
questions from yesterday
• ***EXTRA CREDIT OPTION***
Homework
• Complete DNA model & analysis
questions
OUT-pg.70
• How would you
describe the
structure of DNA?
–At least three
sentences!!!!!
Thursday 12/12
• DNA Extraction Lab
In: pg.72
• How are the terms “DNA” and
“Chromosomes” related?
Where is DNA?
• DNA is located in the
nucleus of cells.
• It is stored in
structures called
chromosomes.
Pg.73
• Strawberry DNA extraction lab
–Complete lab sheet & glue in
Here’s what will happen:
• Cells will be chemically treated to break open the
cell and nucleus.
• The portion of the cell mixture containing the DNA
(the watery portion) will be separated from the cell
membranes (the goopy portion).
• Proteins protecting the DNA and holding it in a
tightly coiled state will be broken down.
• The solution containing the dissolved DNA will be
altered so that the DNA can no longer remain
dissolved.
• The result? AMAZING! DNA will precipitate (fancy
word for ‘come out of solution’). You will be able to
see the DNA strands with your naked eye!
Homework
• Finish any work that you have not
completed in your INB
–Vocab
–DNA timeline
–DNA model
–Analysis Questions
OUT:
Use the following terms to
complete the concept map
that describes the structure
of DNA:
DNA
Nucleotides
Is made of
Is shaped like
Phosphate group
Deoxyribose Sugar
Nitrogenous base
Twist
Are made of
Double helix
Into A
A, T, C, or, G
Traits
Which CAN BE:
determines
Fri 12/13
• Chp.10: Part1 Test on Tuesday!!!!
– DNA function, structure, and replication
• INB Check Tuesday!!!!!
In: pg. 74
• When in the cell cycle is
DNA replicated?
Pg.75
- Set up Cornell Notes
• Title: DNA Replication
DNA Replication
• Remember—during S of interphase,
chromosomes are copied—this is called
replication.
• For chromosomes to be copied, there has
to be a mechanism for DNA to be copied
or replicated.
Steps of DNA replication
1. Old DNA strands separate
• Helicase*.
2. Complementary
nucleotides add to new
strand (across from old strand)
• DNA polymerase* brings in
the new nucleotides and
bonds them together.
3. 2 new DNA molecules
• Identical to one another
*-ase=enzyme
Copying DNA
New DNA
molecule
Free
Nucleotides
Original
DNA
Strand
New DNA
Strand
Original
DNA
Strand
Original DNA
New DNA
molecule
Errors in Replication
• Changes in DNA are called mutations.
• DNA proofreading and repair prevent
many replication errors.
• Unrepaired mutations that affect genes
that control cell division can cause
diseases such as cancer.
• Mutations can lead to variation within a
species as well.
Finish Cornell Notes
• 3 questions
• 3-sentence summary
DNA Replication Modeling Activity
• Build a segment of a DNA molecule (8
nucleotides long)
• After you have your model checked, separate
the DNA molecule (with “helicase”)
• Create new double-stranded DNA by
matching comp. nucleotides. (polymerase)
1. Compare the two new strands of DNA. Are
they the same or different? Why?
2. How does the structure of a DNA molecule
help account for the great variety of life that
exists on earth?
OUT
Take this segment of DNA through the 3 steps of
replication. Use 1 color for the old DNA strand
and 1 color for the new DNA strand.
DNA Segment
A
T
T
A
T
A
C
G
A
T
G
C
C
G
T
A
Step 1:Strands Separate
Step 2&3 :Add comp&2 New DNA Molecules
Mon 12/16
• INB Quiz 
• Study Guide
• Chp.10: Part1 Test TOMORROW!!!!
– DNA function, structure, and replication
• INB Check Tomorrow!!!!!!
Chp.10:Part 1 - Study Guide
• Complete
• Study
• Turn in tomorrow before test
Tues 12/17
• Collect SG’s  any questions?
• Chp.10: Part1 Test
– DNA function, structure, and replication
• INB Check
Wed 12/18
• Start protein synthesis
In: Pg.76
Using a circle map describe DNA.
DNA
Pg.77 – Cornell notes
Protein Synthesis
RNA
• A nucleic acid
Differences from DNA
• Ribose sugar
• Single stranded
• Uracil(U) replaces T
– U-A
• Shorter than DNA
Ribose Sugar
3 Types of RNA
1. mRNA - messenger RNA
2. rRNA - ribosomal RNA
3. tRNA - transfer RNA
Protein Synthesis = Making Proteins
DNA  mRNA  Protein
2 parts:
• Transcription: DNA is copied by mRNA
– Happens in the nucleus
• Translation: mRNA is copied into a
protein
– Happens in the cytoplasm at the ribosome.
Pg.77 – Protein Synthesis
Practice Sheet
Glue on top of notes as a flip & complete
Animation
Homework
• Finish protein synthesis practice sheet.
Out – pg.76
Using a double bubble map, compare and contrast
DNA and RNA.
RNA
DNA
Differences
Similarities
Differences
Thursday 12/19 & Friday 12/20
• Review pg.76 OUT & pg.78 IN
• ***All Semester 1 make-up and missing
work is DUE FRIDAY after break!!!
• Chp.10 Part 2 DNA Test & INB Check are
FRIDAY after break!!!
Objective
• Model the processes of transcription and
translation.
In: Pg.78
What amino acid sequence would translation
of the mRNA with the sequence
AUGCAAGGAGCAUCC produce?
Pg.79 – Protein Synthesis Model
• Complete the model of protein
synthesis and attach to this
page.
• Color the following:
– Nucleus, Cell Membrane,
Ribosome, mRNA, Amino Acids,
tRNA,
– RNA polymerase – purple
– Nitrogen Bases
• A-red, U-blue, C-yellow, G-green
• Label:
– Transcription, Translation, Codon,
Anticodon, Peptide bond, Amino
Acid, DNA, Nucleus, mRNA, tRNA,
RNA polymerase
• Tape the questions to the page
and answer.
Homework
• Complete model and analysis questions!
Out-78
Tape in the protein synthesis CLOZE
passage and complete.
Mon 1/6
•***All Semester 1 make-up and missing
work is DUE FRIDAY!!!
•Chp.10 Part 2 DNA Test & INB Check are
FRIDAY!!!
Go over OUT pg.78 – Protein synthesis
paragraph
Tues 1/7 & Wed 1/8
•***All Semester 1 make-up and missing
work is DUE FRIDAY!!!
•Chp.10 Part 2 DNA Test & INB Check are
FRIDAY!!!
• Go over OUT pg.78 – Protein synthesis
paragraph
• SNORKS
In: pg.80
Answer the questions and complete the analogies:
1. What is DNA replication?
2. DNA replication is like________
because they both….
3. What is protein synthesis?
4. Protein synthesis is like________
because they both…
Pg.81 - SNORKS
• Work with your partner
• Follow Directions on Blue Sheet
• Step 1: Transcription  copy DNA into
mRNA
• Step 2: Translation  use tRNA to
determine amino acid (AA) sequence
• Record sequence and traits on the chart
• Use traits to draw and color your Snork
Homework
• Finish Snork drawing!
Out – pg.80
Practice Test Question: Highlight the correct answer.
Which of the following nucleic acid(s) is
involved in translation?
a.DNA only
b.m-RNA only
c.DNA and m-RNA
d.m-RNA and t-RNA
Wed 1/9
•***All Quarter 2 make-up and missing work
is DUE FRIDAY!!!
•Chp.10 Part 2 DNA Test & INB Check are
FRIDAY!!!
• Go over OUT pg.78 – Protein synthesis
paragraph
• Finish Snorks & Model
Protein Synthesis Practice WKST
• Complete individually
• Turn in as “ticket-out-the-door” at
end of class
• After  Prepare notebook for
check on Friday
–Pgs.76-81
Thursday 1/9
•
•
•
•
INB Quiz #6  get out half sheet, #1-10
Chp.10 SG today
Chp.10 Test TOMORROW!
INB Check Tomorrow!!!
Chp.10 Study Guide
• Complete
• Study
• Turn in tomorrow before test
Friday 1/10
• Collect SG’s  any questions?
• Chp.10 Test
• After: Sem 1 Study Guide
Monday 1/14 & Tue 1/15
• Semester 1 Review
– Review Sheet (extra credit) due on
Exam Day
• Wednesday 1/15 – Periods 1 & 2
• Thursday 1/16 – Periods 3 & 4
• Friday 1/17 – Periods 5 & 6