Quick Quiz 9/10/13
Define at least 3 of the following terms:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Freighted
Outlandish
Insidious
Unsporting
Ratcheted
Ubiquitous
• Pandemic
• Harangue
• Paradoxical
• Acromegaly
• Cynical
Tueday, September
English III
Ms. Plumb
th
10 ,
2013
Agenda
• Quick Quiz
• Check & Review Vocab Chart
• Ethos, Pathos, Logos Notes
Quick Quiz 9/10/13
Define at least 3 of the following terms:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Freighted
Outlandish
Insidious
Unsporting
Ratcheted
Ubiquitous
• Pandemic
• Harangue
• Paradoxical
• Acromegaly
• Cynical
Rhetorical Appeals:
• We have already utilized CAPSToneS to
identify some of the characteristics of
effective argumentation.
• As writers, we will use CAPSToneS to
maximize how we deliver our messages.
• We must also begin to address how to best
target our audience, establish context, and
represent ourselves in order to fit our
purpose and subject.
• To achieve this “best,” we use Rhetorical
Appeals.
Record in your notebook:
Rhetorical Appeals: Tools that
help the writer make his or her
argument more appealing to
the audience.
▫Ethos / Pathos / Logos
Ethos = “ethical appeal”
• How does the speaker present him or
herself?
• As an effective writer, you can control
how your audience perceives you.
• Speakers often use allusions(wellknown people), quotes, and
references to build their own ethos.
Ethos Example
Politicians. In politics, it’s all about
perception. Consider how politicians
use their appearance, dress, speaking
characteristics, and mannerisms to
affect how we perceive them.
Ethos Example
“As a doctor, I am qualified
to tell you that this course of
treatment will likely generate
the best results.”
Pathos = “emotional appeal”
• How well does the speaker appeal to
the audience’s emotions?
• The emotions need to match the
subject, purpose, and context.
• As writers, we need to consider how
to manipulate our reader’s emotions.
• Emotional appeals can be effective or
overwhelming - consider Hallmark
commercials.
Pathos Example
Wedding speeches and eulogies. For
wedding speeches and toasts, the audience
typically expects to be entertained and
reminded of love. In a eulogy, the
audience members are already emotional,
and they expect the speaker to match their
serious and sad state.
Pathos Example
Don’t be the last person on the block to
have their lawn treated – you don’t
want to be the laughing
stock of your community!
Logos = “logical appeal”
• How well does the speaker use his or her
own text to make an effective argument?
• Is the argument rational and wellconstructed?
• How well does the speaker support his or
her thesis?
• Speakers will often use facts, statistics,
and references to create logos.
Logos Example
Legal documents. Most effective
laws and legal decisions rely
heavily on logos. For example,
within the United States’ judicial
system, the punishment is
supposed to fit the crime. Faulty
logic may lead to unequal
punishments, which is typically
not tolerated.
Logos Example
You don’t need to jump off a bridge to know that it’s a
bad idea. Why then would you need to try drugs to know
if they’re damaging? That’s plain nonsense.
Rhetorical Appeals - Balance
• The Rhetorical Appeals must be used
together.
• BALANCE of the three is important.
• Too much of one is likely to produce
an argument that readers will either
find unconvincing or that will cause
them to stop reading.
Ethos
Ethos is an appeal to reason using a famous figure. In this case the famous person is
Jared from subway. This add features a before and after picture of Jared showing his
legitimacy of losing weight. In order for an ethos add to be legitimate the figure must
also be legitimate. Because he did lose the weight his fame went directly to Subway. Thus
the add fit its purpose- using someone famous to get you noticed or to support your
cause.
Pathos
Pathos is the appeal to emotion. The appeal to emotion often has to do with tragedy and
children. This advertisement shows a child that is forced to carry bombs and kill. The
main focus is not completely the kid- it is being used to convince people to assist Israel
in their war on terror. The countries against Israel use children because there is an
abundance them and they don't think first. This add uses children be cause everyone
loves children and wants to protect them. To protect the kids one must help Israel.
Logos
Logos is the appeal to logic. Logically speaking one would not do something that they
knew could hurt them. In this first advertisement it shows cigarettes being put into a gun
to demonstrate the fact that smoking kills. On the other side it shows a dead person
smoking thus enforcing that fact. On the side with the gun many facts are listed
including "Major cause of stroke" which implies death as well. "May cause fatal heart
attacks" with a focus on fatal which means death. This ad is meant to highlight that
smoking causes death and logically one shouldn't smoke- that is if one wants to live.
HOMEWORK 
• Check your grade!