 The Profession Of Physical Education, Exercise Science, And Sport
 What Is a Profession?
 A specialized occupation that requires mastery of knowledge and meeting standards
demonstrating competence
 Characteristics of a Profession
 Is based upon a complex, systematic body of theoretical knowledge
 Accepts individuals who have attained extensive knowledge and experience through a formal
educational process
 Requires standards and competencies for entry, often through a certification process
 Characteristics of a Profession
 Provides mechanisms and opportunities for growth and development within the field to
ensure adherence to established standards, competencies, practices, and judgment
 Provides a socially valuable service that has received societal recognition and status
 Is governed by a code of ethics to protect those served
 Pedagogy
 The study of theories and application of teaching methods
 The art and science of teaching includes designing appropriate instructional content,
facilitating the learning process, and ensuring the achievement of learning outcomes
 Multiple instructional strategies should be used along with varied practice opportunities to
facilitate student learning
 Instructional Events*
 Gaining attention
 Informing learners of the objective
 Stimulating recall of prior learning
 Presenting the stimulus
 Providing learning guidance
 Eliciting performance
 Providing feedback
 Assessing performance
 Enhancing retention and transfer
 Profession of Physical Education/Exercise Science
 Coaching Option: The demand for coaches of school teams exceeds the supply because of
increased numbers of girls’ teams, the hiring of fewer new teachers and the resignation of
tenured physical educators from coaching but not from teaching. The millions of children I youth
sport teams deserve coaches who know how to teach fundamental skills.
 Almost all youth league coaches are volunteers. Regardless of the type of employment of these
volunteers, they need a basic knowledge in first aid, coaching concepts, human
growth/development, and exercise/sport sciences. Most volunteers demonstrate minimal
competence.
 Profession of Physical Education/Exercise Science
 Fitness Option: One appealing feature is the opportunity to help others attain and maintain
healthy lifestyles. Although fitness specialists avoid most of the discipline and management
problems in schools, they typically work during other professionals’ leisure hours.
 They must have a strong background in biomechanics, exercise physiology and program design.
 Professional Organizations
American College of Sports Medicine
 www.acsm.org/
 Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise; Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews; ACSM's Health
and Fitness Journal; Current Sports Medicine Reports
American Society of Exercise Physiologists
 www.asep.org/index.php
 Journal of Exercise Physiology;
 Professionalization of Exercise Physiology
 Adapted Physical Education
 A physical activity program for exceptional students who are so different in mental, physical,
emotional, or behavioral characteristics that in the interest of quality of educational
opportunity, special provisions must be made for their proper education
 Provides specialized programs for individuals with diverse abilities and limitations
 Inclusion
 Inclusion is the placement of students with physical, mental, or emotional special needs or
limitations into regular classes with their peers.
 Individualized or modified activities can accommodate the needs of all children so they will
have successful learning experiences.
 Profession of Physical Education/Exercise Science
 Sport Management Option: The best academic preparation encompasses the triad of
management foundations, sports applications, and an internship or work experience within the
field.
 Courses in accounting, economics, finance and marketing are important, along with sport
management, law, facility management, ethics, personnel management and an internship.
 Profession of Physical Education/Exercise Science
 Exercise Science Option: Exercise prescription skills are necessary to qualify for many positions,
such as corporate fitness, clinical, or cardiac rehabilitation.
 Courses are completed in biology, anatomy, physiology, chemistry, exercise physiology,
biomechanics, and biochemistry. Also strong statistical and computer technology.
 Profession of Physical Education/Exercise Science
 Teaching Option: Teacher certification following graduation from an accredited college is the
goal, if choosing teaching option. Certifications for physical education may include those for
prekindergarten (P)– grade 6, grades 5-8, grades 7-12, P-12, health education and dance.
 The National council for Accreditation of Teachers Education(NCATE) allows the National
Association for Sport and Physical Education to recommend guidelines for the professional
studies component of its standards.
 These guidelines, containing all the attitudes, knowledge, and skills required of a physical
education teacher, have been subdivide into three elements: academic, professional, and
pedagogical.
 Profession of Physical Education/Exercise Science
 Athletic Training Option: Athletic trainers work with coaches to develop conditioning
programs to optimally prepare athletes for competition. Also, they are the primary
caregivers, conducting onsite assessments of the severity of injuries. Minor injuries
athletic trainers will provide proper treatment. Under physician's supervision, athletic
trainers rehabilitate athletes suffering from more serious injuries.
 Certification from NATA board is necessary for employment. It is difficult to meet
certification requirements for AT and teaching in less than five years due to strict course
work and clinical hours.
 Content of Athletic Training Programs
 Risk management and injury prevention
 Pathology of injuries and illnesses
 Orthopedic clinical examination and diagnosis
 Acute care of injury and illness
 Pharmacology
 Therapeutic modalities
 Conditioning and rehabilitative exercise
 Medical conditions and disabilities
 Nutritional aspects of injury and illness
 Psychosocial intervention and referral
 Health care administration
 Professional development and responsibility
 Certification in Athletic Training
Must complete an examination in the six domains of athletic training
 Prevention
 Clinical evaluation and diagnosis
 Immediate care
 Treatment, rehabilitation, and reconditioning
 Organization and administration
 Professional responsibility
 Professional Organizations
National Association for Sport and Physical Education
 http://www.aahperd.org/naspe/
 Strategies: A Journal for Physical and Sport Educators
 Journal of Coaching Education
 Professional Organizations
National Athletic Trainers’ Association
 www.nata.org/
 Journal of Athletic Training
 Professional Organizations
International Society of Motor Control Motor behavior and control (motor learning and motor
development)
 http://www.i-s-m-c.org/
 Motor Control; Journal of Motor Behavior
 Professional Organizations
North American Society for Sport History
 http://nassh.org/index.html
 Journal of Sport History
 Professional Organizations
North American Society for Sport Management
 http://www.nassm.com/
 Journal of Sport Management
 Professional Organizations
International Association for the Philosophy of Sport
 http://www.iaps.net/
 Journal of the Philosophy of Sport
 Professional Organizations
North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity
 http://www.naspspa.org/
 Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
Association for Applied Sport Psychology
 http://www.aaasponline.org/index.php
 Journal of Applied Sport Psychology
 Professional Organizations
North American Society for the Sociology of Sport
 http://www.nasss.org/
 Sociology of Sport Journal
 Other Professional Organizations
 National Strength and Conditioning Association
 American School Health Association
 American Physical Therapy Association
 National Recreation and Park Association
 National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association
 Professional Organizations
 American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM): Was founded in 1954 to promote and integrate
scientific research, education, and practical applications of sports medicine and exercise science.
 Objectives: Advancing scientific research dealing with the effects of physical activities on health
and well-being.
 American Society of Exercise Physiologists (ASEP): Founded in1997, it has established academic
standards that are used to verify the quality of academic programs that students complete in
preparing for this field.
 Through its Exercise Physiologist Certified program ASEP ensures the public that the academic
preparation and skills of exercise physiology candidates have been verified.
 Professional Organizations
 National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA): Founded in1978, is the international
educational association that disseminates research-based knowledge about strength and
conditioning and its practical application to improve athletic performance, help prevent injuries,
and develop fitness.
 American School Health Association (ASHA): Since 1927: its been committed to safeguarding
the health of school-age children. With its multidisciplinary organization of administrators,
counselors, health educators, physical educators, psychologists, school coordinators, school
nurses/physicians, and social workers.
 It promotes coordinated school health programs.
 National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA): Promotes public awareness of the
importance of the park systems that provide opportunities for the people to lead healthy, active
lives.
 Professional Organizations
 The National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA): Founded in 1950 to provide
an opportunity for college intramural directors to meet annually to exchange ideas and
information.
 It has grown into the leading resource for professional and student development and education
in collegiate recreational sports, including intramural sports, sport clubs, recreation facilities,
fitness programming, outdoor recreation, wellness programs, informal recreation, and aquatic
programs.
 National Association for Kinesiology and Physical Education in Higher Education (NAKPEHE):
provides a forum for the examination of interdisciplinary ideas and issues relative to the role of
kinesiology and physical education in higher learning.
 The merger of the National Association for Physical Education of College Women with the Men
became the NAKPEHE in 1978.
 Professional Organizations
 American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education (AAKPE): Since 1926 this
organization has been the highest honorary group in health, physical education, and recreation.
 Note: Joining an organization and participating helps you in many ways: 1) Membership entitles
receive journals, newsletter, directories, latest techniques, research, methodology, and
applications. 2) These organization sponsor conferences and workshops.(Stay current and
network). 3) Opportunities to serve on committees and leadership role. 4) Job announcements
and placement centers.
 Sports Organizations
 National Federation of State High School Associations
 National Junior College Athletic Association
 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics
 National Collegiate Athletic Association
 Sport Management
 www.ncaa.org/ Check out the official site of the National Collegiate Athletic Association for
employment opportunities in college sports.
 www.onlinesports.com/pages/CareerCenter.html Visit the Online Sports Career Center to learn
more about a variety of sports careers and search for the right job for you.
 www.nsca-lift.org/menu.asp Learn more about certifications, programs, and services offered by
the National Strength and Conditioning Association.
 http://naia.org Learn about the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics’
 http://www.nassm.com/ Learn about the North American Society for Sport Management
 Exercise Science
 www.acsm.org/ Learn more about the American College of Sports Medicine, including its
certification programs, which promotes scientific research and application of sports medicine
and exercise science to enhance physical performance, fitness, health, and quality of life.
 www.cdc.gov/ The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provide a plethora of information
and data about health topics.
 www.nih.gov/ The National Institutes for Health provide fact sheets, health information,,
MEDLINEplus (a health database maintained by its National Library of Medicine), and many
other resources.
 http://www.acsm.org/pdf/Careers.pdf Go to this site to learn about the variety of careers in
athletic training and exercise science.
 Pre-Physical Therapy or
Occupational Therapy
 http://www.apta.org//AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home Learn more about this professional
organization and a career in this field
 http://physicaltherapy.about.com/od/careersinphysicaltherapy/ Check out this site for more
information about careers in physical therapy
 http://www.ptrs.kumc.edu/csabus.html Go here to learn about the physical therapy program at
KU Medical Center
 http://www.aota.org/ Learn about the American Occupational Therapy Association
 Professional Fields of Study
 http://www.aahperd.org/naspe/careers/Fieldsofstudy.cfm