Medical Terminology
Endocrine System
Medical Terminology
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Combining form/word root
Meaning
gluc/o; glyc/o
sugar
parathyroid/o
parathyroid glands
thym/o
thymus
thyr/o
thyroid
toxic/o
poison, toxin
-oid
resembling
-ose
sugar
aden/o
gland
crin/o
to secrete
dips/o
thirst
Medical Terminology
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Combining form/word root
Meaning
pancreat/o
pancreas
pineal/o
pineal gland
calci/o
calcium
endoin; within
exoout; away from
gonad/o
sex glands
hyperabove; excessive
hypobelow; under; less than normal
-ism
process; condition
-edema
swelling
kalipotassium
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Medical Terminology
Pinealectomy
Pineal/ectomy
Surgical removal of the pineal gland
Polydipsia
Poly/dips/ia
Excessive thirst
Hypercalcemia
Hyper/calcem/ia
An abnormally high level of calcium in the blood
Hyperkalemia
Hyper/kalem/ia
An abnormally high level of potassium in the blood
Polyuria
Poly/uria
Excessive urination
Medical Terminology
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Acromegaly
Acro/megaly
Enlarged extremities
Hyperthyrodism
Hyper/thyrod/ism
Condition with excessive thyroid gland secretion
Adrenalitis
Adrenal/it is
Inflammation of the adrenal glands
Thyroidectomy
Thyroid/ectomy
Surgical removal of the thyroid
Medical Terminology
• Endocrinologist
• Endocrin/ologist
• A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating
diseases and malfunctions of the endocrine glands
• Endocrinopathy
• Endocrino/pathy
• Any disease caused by a disorder of the endocrine system
• Hyperglycemia
• Hyper/glycem/ia
• An abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood
• Hypergonadism
• Hyper/gonad/ism
• The condition of excessive secretion of hormones by the
sex glands
Medical Terminology
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Hypoglycemia
Hypo/glycem/ia
An abnormally low concentration of glucose in the blood
Insulinoma
Insulin/oma
A benign tumor secreting additional insulin(pancreas)
Neurohormones
Neuro/hormones
Secretion by specialized cells of the brain
Pancreatectomy
Pancreat/ectomy
The surgical removal of the pancreas
Medical Terminology
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Pituitary adenoma
Pituitary aden/oma
A slow-growing benign tumor of the pituitary gland
Polyphagia
Poly/phagia
Excessive hunger
List some differences in type 1 diabetes vs type 2 diabetes?
Type 1: beginning in childhood, also known as juvenile
diabetes, pancreatic cells do not produce insulin, inject insulin
every day
• Type 2: technically known as diabetes mellitus or adult onset,
can be treated with changes in diet or exercise, here the body
produces insulin, but cells don’t respond to it correctly,
treated with oral medications and/or insulin injections