Chapter 1
Introduction to Science
Branches of Science
Social Science – behavior why animals act the
way they do. (Sociology, Psychology, Animal
Behaviorist.
Natural Science – Biological Science, Physical
Science and Earth/Space Science.
– Biology
Botany
Zoology
– Physical Science
Chemistry
Physics
– Earth / Space
Geology
Meteorology
Scientific Lingo
Theory – Why something works. (A system of
ideas that explains many related observations
and is supported by a large body of evidence
acquired through scientific investigation.)
Law – How something works. (A descriptive
statement or equation that reliably predicts
events under certain conditions.)
Quantitative – described with numbers /
statistics.
Qualitative – described with words.
Model – something used to represent something
that is too big, small or difficult to display. (The
day after tomorrow.)
Scientific Method
Constant
Variables
Control Group
Experimental Group
Placebo Effect
The importance of
having clear, concise
repeatable
procedures.
The importance of
publishing findings.
Base Units
Length
Mass
Time
Temperature
Light Intensity
Amount of sub.
Electric Current
meter
Kilogram
Second
Kelvin
Candela
Mole
Ampere
m
Kg
s
K
cd
mol
A
Derived Units
Area
Volume
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Pressure
Work
Power
meter squared
meter cubed
meter / second
meter / second sq
mass*acceleration
force / area
force*distance
work / time
m2
m3
m/s
m/s2
N
Pa
Nm or J
W or J/s
Prefix Chart
Mega
Kilo
BASE
Centi
Milli
Micro
Nano
M
k
106
103
c
m
u
n
10-2
10-3
10-6
10-9
Practice Problems:
Temperature Scales
Farenheit – 32
freezing of pure water
212 boiling of pure
water at 1 atm
pressure
Celsius – 0 freezing
100 boiling of water
Kelvin – 0
temperature at which
all molecular motions
stops 0k = -273.15 C
Practice Problems:
Graphing
Line – continuous
display of data
Bar –
discontinuous
multiple items at
same time
Pie – parts of the
whole