The Six Kingdoms
Organisms are placed into kingdoms based
on five questions
1. Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
2. Unicellular or Multicellular?
3. Producer or Consumer?
4. Does it have a cell wall or not?
5. Does it live in extreme environments?
DNA
Nucleus
with DNA
1
Prokaryotic
Cells
Eukaryotic
Cells
3
Prokaryotic
Cells
Eukaryotic
Cells
1
2
Prokaryotic
Cells
Eukaryotic
Cells
3
Cell
1
Membrane
Prokaryotic
Cells
2
DNA
Eukaryotic
Cells
Cytoplasm
3
Cell
1
Membrane
1
2
Prokaryotic
Cells
3
2
DNA
Eukaryotic
Cells
4
5
Cytoplasm
3
1
2
Prokaryotic
Cells
3
4
5
Bacteria1
No Nucleus
2
No Organelles
3
4
Unicellular
Microscopic5
Prokaryotic
Cells
Bacteria
Cell
1
Membrane
1
2
No
Nucleus
No
Organelles
Prokaryotic
Cells
2
DNA
3
4
5
Eukaryotic
Cells
Unicellular
Microscopic
6
Cytoplasm
3
7
Organelles
1
2 Nucleus
3 Multicellular organisms
Eukaryotic
Cells
4 Protists
5Plants
6 Fungi
7Animals
Bacteria
Cell
1
Membrane
Organelles
1
2
Nucleus
No
Nucleus
No
Organelles
Prokaryotic
Cells
2
DNA
Multicellu
Eukaryotic
Cells
Protists
5
Plants
Unicellular
Fungi
Microscopic
Cytoplasm
3
Animals
• Unicellular – organisms that exist in nature
as a single cell; usually microscopic
• Multicellular – organisms that are more
complex; usually with tissues and organs
• Producers – (a. k a. autotrophs) organisms
that can carry out photosynthesis to obtain
energy
• Consumers – (a.k.a. heterotrophs)
organism that eat producers or other
consumers to obtain energy
Kingdom Archaebacteria
1. Prokaryote
2. Have a cell wall and some use
flagella or cilia for movement
3. Unicellular
4. Autotrophic or heterotrophic
5. Asexual
6. Methanogens and halophiles
– Live in very extreme
environments
– Only recently recognized as a
separate bacteria kingdom
– Can be helpful & harmful
Mealor = Archea
Kingdom Eubacteria
1. Prokaryote
2. Have cell walls and
some use flagella or cilia
for movement
3. Unicellular
4. Autotrophic or
Heterotrophic
5. Asexual
6. E-coli & Streptococcus
– Can be helpful & harmful
– Largest of the two bacteria
kingdoms & can live
almost anywhere
Kingdom Protista
1.
Eukaryote
2.
Has a Nucleus and other
organelles (some have a
chloroplast)
3.
Mostly unicellular or some
multicellular
4.
Autotrophs or heterotrophs
5.
Most reproduce asexually,
some sexually
6.
Paramecium. Amoeba, algae
–
–
Very diverse kingdom
The “Junk Drawer”
Algae
Kingdom Fungi
1.
Eukaryote
2.
Nucleus and many
organelles; cell walls of chitin
3.
Multicellular (except yeast)
4.
All Heterotrophs– they eat!
5.
Can reproduce asexually
with spores or sexually
6.
Examples: Mushrooms,
mold, lichens
–
–
Important decomposers
Nature’s Recyclers
Kingdom Plantae
1. Eukaryote
2. Nucleus and many
organelles, cell walls of
cellulose
3. All Multicellular
4. All are Autotrophs
5. Reproduce sexually with
pollen or asexually
6. Trees, grass, ferns
–
Oxygen producers
Kingdom Animalia
1. Eukaryote
2. Nucleus and many
organelles, do not have
cell walls
3. All Multicellular
4. All Heterotrophs
5. Reproduce sexually or
asexually
6. Examples: insects, fish,
humans
–
Hey! That’s You!
Concept Map
Section 18-3
Living
Things
are characterized by
Eukaryotic
cells
and differing
Important
characteristics
which place them in
Cell wall
structures
such as
Domain
Eukarya
Prokaryotic cells
which is subdivided into
which place them in
Domain
Bacteria
Domain
Archaea
which coincides with
which coincides with
Kingdom
Eubacteria
Kingdom
Archaebacteria
Go to
Section:
Kingdom
Plantae
Kingdom
Fungi
Kingdom
Protista
Kingdom
Animalia
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms
and Domains
Section
18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
KINGDOM
Eubacteria
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Eukarya
Prokaryote
Cell walls
with
peptidoglyc
an
Unicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph/
heterotroph
EXAMPLES
Strep.,
E- coli
Go to
Section:
Archaea
Protist web site
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms
and Domains
Section
18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
KINGDOM
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Eukarya
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Cell walls
with
peptidoglyc
an
Cell walls
without
peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Unicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph/
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
EXAMPLES
Strep.,
E- coli
X-tremophiles
Go to
Section:
Protist web site
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms
and Domains
Section
18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
KINGDOM
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Eukarya
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Cell walls
with
peptidoglyc
an
Cell walls
without
peptidoglycan
Cell walls of
cellulose in
some; some
have
chloroplasts
Most
unicellular;
some
colonial;
some
multicellular
Unicellular
Unicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph/
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
EXAMPLES
Strep.,
E- coli
X-tremophiles
Go to
Section:
Protista
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Amoeba,
Paramecium,
slime molds,
giant kelp
Protist web site
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms
and Domains
Section
18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
KINGDOM
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Eukarya
Fungi
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Cell walls
with
peptidoglyc
an
Cell walls
without
peptidoglycan
Cell walls of
Cell walls of
cellulose in
chitin
some; some
have
chloroplasts
Most
unicellular;
some
colonial;
some
multicellular
Unicellular
Unicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph/
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
EXAMPLES
Strep.,
E- coli
X-tremophiles
Go to
Section:
Protista
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Eukaryote
Most
multicellular;
some
unicellular
Heterotroph
Mushrooms,
Amoeba,
yeasts
Paramecium,
slime molds,
giant kelp
Protist web site
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms
and Domains
Section
18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
KINGDOM
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Eukarya
Fungi
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Cell walls
with
peptidoglyc
an
Cell walls
without
peptidoglycan
Cell walls of
Cell walls of
cellulose in
chitin
some; some
have
chloroplasts
Most
unicellular;
some
colonial;
some
multicellular
Unicellular
Unicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph/
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
EXAMPLES
Strep.,
E- coli
X-tremophiles
Go to
Section:
Protista
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Eukaryote
Plantae
Eukaryote
Cell walls of
cellulose;
chloroplasts
Most
multicellular;
some
unicellular
Multicellular
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Mushrooms,
Amoeba,
yeasts
Paramecium,
slime molds,
giant kelp
Protist web site
Mosses,
ferns,
flowering
plants
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms
and Domains
Section
18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
KINGDOM
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Eukarya
Fungi
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Cell walls
with
peptidoglyc
an
Cell walls
without
peptidoglycan
Cell walls of
Cell walls of
cellulose in
chitin
some; some
have
chloroplasts
Most
unicellular;
some
colonial;
some
multicellular
Unicellular
Unicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph/
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
EXAMPLES
Strep.,
E- coli
X-tremophiles
Go to
Section:
Protista
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Eukaryote
Plantae
Eukaryote
Cell walls of
cellulose;
chloroplasts
Most
multicellular;
some
unicellular
Multicellular
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Mushrooms,
Amoeba,
yeasts
Paramecium,
slime molds,
giant kelp
Protist web site
Animalia
Eukaryote
No cell walls
or
chloroplasts
Multicellular
Mosses,
ferns,
flowering
plants
Heterotroph
Sponges,
worms,
insects,
fishes,
mammals