CLASSIFICATION
OF SPECIES
1
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• What is
taxonomy?
• Who developed
the system?
• How does the
system work?
• What are these
groups called?
• The scientific system of
classifying living organisms
• Carolus Linneaus
• Organisms are grouped based
on similarities between them
• Taxa (singular-taxon)
2
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• How are the taxa
organized?
• Names & order of
taxa…
• From largest group (least
specific) to smallest group
(most specific)
• Domain
• Kingdom
• Phlyum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species
3
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• What scientific
names are used for
organisms?
• Examples:
• Genus and species (binomial
nomenclature)
• Acer rubrum
(maple) (red) - Red Maple
• Felis domesticus
(cat) (domestic) – House cat
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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
Circle our Genus and species
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6
Review Vocabulary before we
get started
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Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Decomposer
Multicellular
Unicellular
Aerobic environment
Anaerobic environment
Absorptive Heterotroph
Ingestive Heterotroph
Producer
Consumer
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• Domain Bacteria
contains…
• Characteristics of
Kingdom Eubacteria:
• Kingdom Eubacteria
• Prokaryotic
• Have cell walls made
of protein
• May be autotrophic
or heterotrophic
• Found in all habitats
except harsh ones
• Some cause disease
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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• Why are members of
Kingdom Eubacteria
important?
• Decomposers
• Nitrogen fixers
• Commercially important
9
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• Domain Archaea
contains…
• Characteristics of
Kingdom
Archaebacteria…
• Kingdom
Archaebacteria
• Prokaryotic
• Have cell walls made
of protein
• May be autotrophic
or heterotrophic
• Live in harsh
environments
• 1st cellular organisms
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• Kingdom
Archaebacteria
members are found
in…
• Sewage treatment
plants
• Volcanic vents or hot
springs
• Long-frozen ice
• Scientists believe
that Archaebacteria
are …
• More related to the
members of Domain
Eukarya than Domain
Bacteria
•What evidence did scientists
use to determine the
archaebacteria is most
similar to eukaryotes?
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• Domain Eukarya
contains…
• Kingdoms:
1. Protista
2. Fungi
3. Plantae
4. Animalia
• What all members
have in common…
• They are eukaryotic
• What does Eukaryote mean?
• How will you recognize it on your
test?
• What structure are you looking
for?
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• Characteristics of
Kingdom Protista
• Most unicellular, some
(algae) are multicellular
• Some autotrophic, some
heterotrophic
• Some have cell walls made
of cellulose
• Some have chloroplasts
• Where do they
live?
• Mostly in water; some in
moist soil or animal bodies
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• It is classified as a
protist if it is not…
• What are the most
important protists?
• A fungus, a plant or
an animal
• Phytoplankton and
zooplankton
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• The characteristics of
Kingdom Fungi are…
• All members are
multicellular except for
yeasts
• Absorptive
heterotrophs; they are
decomposers
• Have cell walls made of
chitin
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• The characteristics of
Kingdom Plantae
are…
• All multicellular
• All autotrophic
• Cell walls made of
cellulose
• Have chloroplasts
and a large central
vacuole
• Also called producers
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• The characteristics of
Kingdom Animalia
are…
• All multicellular
• All ingestive
heterotrophs
• None have cell walls
or chloroplasts
• Also called
consumers
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES
• How were organisms
first classified?
• How are organisms
classified now?
• Grouped according to
similarities in
structure and
environment they
lived in
• Similarities in DNA