What do you think?
 Do artists start an artwork and hope for the best or
do artists use planning and rules?
 Artists use rules!!
 Do you remember what are these rules called?

ELEMENTS & PRINCIPLES
Elements of Design
The elements of design are the seven basic building
blocks of art & design.
 Without these building blocks the principles are meaningless.
 Think of them as “Legos:” parts, pieces or elements of something
bigger or whole. We use directions and rules to make something.
Principles of Design
The basic rules of aesthetics that guide in the
organization of elements in a work of art.
 Without these directions the elements are meaningless.
 Think of them as “Legos Directions:” Rules or steps to utilize
many different, similar and identical elements to create a
meaningful, cohesive and understandable piece of artwork.
Design Elements
Design Principles
LINE
SHAPE
COLOR
VALUE
TEXTURE
SPACE
FORM
BALANCE
VARIETY
MOVEMENT
CONTRAST
EMPHASIS
PROPORTION
UNITY
Line
A mark. Lines have thickness,
direction, and movement; they can
be interrupted and can show
emotion in an artwork.
Element of Line
Contour lines- outline the
edges of forms or shapes
Gestural lines- indicate
action and physical
movement
Element of Line
Element of Line
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “line”
2. Copy the definition of line on the opposite
side from the laminated notes
3. To the right of the definition draw and
label an Interrupted Line and a Varied
Line
4. To the left of the definition draw and label
an Organic Line and a Geometric Line
Element of Shape
When a line curves or corners around and the end connects to
the beginning creating a contained area.
GEOMETRIC
square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, circle, cone
ORGANIC
free form shapes, shapes in nature for example:
leaves, trees, clouds, animals
Element of Shape
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “shape”
2. Copy the definition of shape on the
opposite side from the laminated notes
3. To the right of the definition draw and
label an example of an organic shape
4. To the left of the definition draw and label
an example of a geometric shape
Element of Color
Color has three properties:
1. The first is:
Hue: The name of a color
2. The second property of color is:
Value: the lightness or darkness of
a hue
3. The third property of color is:
Intensity: the purity of a hue; the
brightness or dullness of a hue
Element of Color
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “color”
2. Copy the definition of color on the
opposite side from the laminated notes
3. Use markers to add different colors to the
letters of the word Color
Hello ART 8
1. Get out your Elements of Art Foldable
2. You need sharpies again too
3. Show me you are ready to begin
G
1. Recoja de mi tus Elementos de Arte Plegable
2. Necisitas el marcador delgado, el marcador
ancho, tus vocabulario de Arte
español/inglés, y tu lápiz
3. Muéstre me cuándo estás listo por favor
Value: Tints and Shades
Tints-adding the color white
Shades- adding the color black
Element of Value
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “Value”
2. Copy the definition of Value on the opposite
side from the laminated notes
3. Use colored pencils to add different lights
and darks to the letters of the word Value
4. Use colored pencils to create at least 4
different tints (lights) to the right
5. Use colored pencils to create at least 4
different shades (darks) to the left
Intensity: Neutral Colors
Colors that are neither cool nor warm. Neutral colors,
called tones, are made by adding two complimentary
colors (opposite on the color wheel) together.
Element of Texture
Textures are the quality of a surface.
Actual texture – texture that you can feel with your sense of
touch.
Implied texture – texture that has been simulated on a drawing
or painting to appear as if it has texture.
Hatching and Cross Hatching
Line can be used to create
value and textures
Hatching
Cross Hatching
Stippling
Small marks, dots or
shapes can be used to
create value and textures
Stippling
Element of Texture
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “texture” and
add different textures in each letter
2. Copy the definition of texture on the
opposite side from the laminated notes
3. Use thin sharpie add and label an
example of hatching and cross hatching to
the right To the left, in sharpie add and
label an example of stippling and
scumbling
Element of Space
The amount of depth in both 2D
and 3D artworks.
Around, above, inside, outside, positive
or negative.
The feeling of space in a drawing
or painting is always an illusion.
 Artists combine the use of light and
dark value with other techniques.
 Linear perspective, and atmospheric
perspective create the illusion of
space.
Linear perspective
“Snow in New York”
Element of Space
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “space”
2. Copy the definition of space on
the opposite side from the
laminated notes
3. To the right of the definition draw
a vase on a table like you see to
the right
4. Label the Positive Space and
Negative Space
Element of Space
5. To the left of the definition draw a simple road
moving into the distance with trees getting
smaller and smaller like you see below
Element of Form
The quality of shape in 3D and 2D artworks.
Form describes volume and mass, or the three-dimensional
aspects of objects that take up space.
 Forms can be realistic, abstract, geometric, organic etc.
 Form is implied in 2D artworks using value.
Element of Form
1. In Sharpie Ink the world “form”
2. Copy the definition of form on the opposite side
from the laminated notes
3. To the right of the definition
draw a simple circle label this:
“no form”
4. To the left of the definition
draw a sphere using shading
label this: “form”