Tomas Chapman, Emily Champagne, Joseph Sears,
Taylor Sorge, Josh Gaze
Nationalists
 First great leader of the Kuomintang was Sun
Yixian, which was a nationalist party.
 The nationalist party overthrew the last emperor
of the Qing Dynasty.
 Sun yixian wanted to base government off of the
“three principles of the people.”
 Nationalism-End to foreign control
 Peoples rights-Democracy
 Peoples livelihood-Economic security for all
chinese
Nationalists Cont.
 Sun Yixian lacked authority and military support
to secure national unity.
 He turned over office to general Yuan Shikai, who
then revolted the democratic ways of the
revolution.
 In 1916, after the general died and civil war broke
out, authority fell over to warlords and military
leaders.
Problems of WWI
 In 1917, Peiping (Beijing) declared war against
Germany.
 Allied leaders gave Japan promised Chinese
territories.
 The Treaty of Versailles creates rage in China
 On may 4th 1919 3,000 students gathered in the
center Beijing. The demonstration they created
spread to other cities created a national
movement.
Communist Party
 In 1921, Mao Zedong founded the Chinese
communist party, based out of Shanghai.
 Mao Zedong believed that he could bring
revolution to a real country where the peasants
could be the true revolutionaries.
Lenin and China
 While Mao Zedong was forming Chinese
communism Sun Yixian and his Nationalist party,
set up a government in South China.
 Sun Yixian decided to ally with the Kuomintang,
who was a newly formed communism group.
 Lenin helped the Chinese nationalist government
by sending military advisors and equipment to the
nationalist in return for allowing the communist to
join the Kuomintang.
Jiang Jieshi
 When Sun Yixian died, he became the head of the
Kuomintang.
 He feared the communist turning the country
towards socialism.
 Promised Democracy and political rights.
 Government became less democratic and more
corrupt.
Civil War
 By 1930, Nationalist and communist were fighting
a civil war.
 Mao Zedong recruited peasants to join his Red
Army.
 The Nationalists attacked the Communists
multiple times but failed to drive them away.
 Long March- Army of Jiangs men (700,000 men)
surrounded Communists who faced defeat.
 While civil war went on, Japan invaded China.
Civil War Pauses
 Japan watched as China weakened and took
advantage of it.
 In 1937, Japanese invaded China with massive
bombings and the killing of Chinese. This led to
starvation of villages.
 By 1939, Japan had control of a large part of China.
 Nationalists and Communists came together to
fight the Japanese.
Mao Zedong
 Great Leap Forward
 This called for larger collective farms and 26,000
were created.
 It was actually a giant step backwards because it
stopped industry growth.
 Red Guards
 Large group of students who pledged their
devotion to Mao Zedong and the revolution they
created.
 Eventually, Mao turned on them and were
exiled, arrested, and executed.
Cultural Revolution
 Cultural revolution- an uprising that the Red
Guards created.
 The goal was to establish a society of peasants
and workers where all were equal.
 Intellectual and artistic activity were considered
useless and dangerous.
 Shut down schools and colleges
 In 1968, Mao said the revolution had to stop.
WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED…?
1. What group of people composed the Kuomintang?
a. Communist
b. Nationalist
c. Fascist
2. What infuriated China after the treaty of WWI?
a. Germans invaded China
b. China’s economy plummeted
c. Chinese land was promised to Japan
3. The Chinese Capital was moved by?
a. Mao Zedong c. The Treaty of Versailles
b. Sun Yixian
4. Who invaded China and put the civil war on hold?
a. Japan
b. Russia
c. Germany
5. Who were the Red Guards?
a. A group of peasants
b. a group of teenagers
c. A group of nationalists
6. Who took over the rule after Sun Yixan?
a. Mao Zedong
b. Yuan Shikai c. Jiang Jieshi
Short Answer Questions
 Describe the nationalist movement in china.
 Describe why the civil war in China temporarily
paused.
 Explain what changes Jiang Jieshi brought to China.
Answers
Multiple Choice
 1. b.
 2. c.
 3. a.
 4. a.
 5. b.
 6. b.
Answers Cont.
Short Answer
1.
 Started off with Kuomintang
 When Jiang Jieshi took over, he went to civil war with
Mao’s Red Army
2.
 Japan invaded China
 Nationalists and Communists joined together to fight
Japan
Answers Cont.
Short Answer
3.
 Promised democracy
 Gave Chinese citizens civil rights