Genetically Modified Foods - Wikispaces

advertisement
By
Thomas Confrey

Happening since the Neolithic Revolution

Three Common Methods
◦ Selective Breeding
◦ Combing/Hybridizing Species
◦ Exploiting Natural Mutations



Modern genetic modification involves tranfer
of DNA
Cisgenesis – genes transferred from similar
species
Trangensis- genes transferred from
dissimilar species




Food allergies are a problem for many
Americans. (e.g. Soy, peanuts, seafood, etc)
New genetically modified species means
infinitely more proteins
Usually, allergies are only discovered after an
individual has a violent reaction.
Predicting allergies is nearly impossible

GM Plants designed to keep bugs/animals
away

GM Plants take up more chemicals including
heavy metals


Chemical companies often design new
pesticides and herbicides, as well as,
genetically modified plants, which are
“immune” to them.
New pesticides or herbicides can seep into
surface and ground water
•Dangerous
Unnatural
•An
Necessary
Option
•Risks
outweigh
any
◦Stems
from
◦World
hunger
is US
out
•Opinion
of the
benefits
moral/ethical
dilemma
of
control
government

Currently Genetically Modified foods do not
need special labels




Genetically Modified Foods are not going
away
Could be used to eliminate artificial dyes,
preservatives and steroids
Still need more research and long-term
testing/risk assessment
Fertilizer is a major problem







Biotechnology. (n.d) Retrieved November 20, 2009 from Earth: A Graphic Look at
the State of the World:
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.theglobaleducationpro
ject.org/earth/images/components/biotech-patent-chart-copy...
FDA Issues Final Guidance on Regulation of Genetically Engineered Animals. (2009,
January 25). Retrieved November 11, 2009, from FDA:
www.fda.gov/consumer/updates/ge_animals011509.html
Fewer, L. J. (2004). Societal aspects of genetically modified foods. Food and
Chemical Toxicology , 1181-1193.
Genetically Modified (GM) Plants. (2005, September 21). Retrieved November 23,
2009, from The Naked Scientists:
http:www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/articles/article/marktester...
Genetically Modified Crops. (2008, October 29). Retrieved November 23, 2009, from
VOA News: http://www.voanews.com/uspolicy/2008-10-30
voa1.cfm?renderforpr...
GENETICALLYMODIFIED FOODS Experts View Regimen of Safety Tests as Adequate,
but FDA's Evaluation Process Could Be Enhanced. (2002) Retrieved November
20, 2009, from GAO: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02566.pdf
Harvest of Fear. (2009). Retrieved November 2, 2009, from PBS:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/exist/arguments.html






How to feed the world. (2009, November 19). Retrieved November 23, 2009, from
Economist:
http://www.economist.com/opinion/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=149...
LaFranchi, H. (2009, November 15). On eve of UN food summit: 20 best ways to
feed the hungry. Retrieved November 25, 2009, from The Christian Science
Monitor:http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/1115/p02s01usfp.htm?print=true
Morales, A. (2009, January 29). 'GM Crops' Part of Food Crisis Solution, U.K. Says.
Retrieved 11 21, 2009, from Bloomberg:
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20670001&sid=aYDn4...
News & Events Genetically Engineered Foods. (1999, October 19). Retrieved 11 19,
2009, from FDA: http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Testimony/ucm115032.htm
Prescott, V. E. (2006). Genetically modified plants and food hypersensitivity
diseases: Usage and implications of experimental models for risk
assessment. Pharmacology & Therapeutics , 374-383.
Risks of Genetic Engineering. (n.d.). Retrieved November 21, 2009, from Union of
Concerned Scientists:
http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/science_and_impacts/imp...




Roundup Ready Soybeans. (n.d.). Retrieved November 11, 2009, from
Union of Concerned Scientists:
http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/science_and_impacts
/imp..
Saher Marieke, M. L.-K. (2006). Attitudes towards genetically modified
and organic foods. Appetite , 324-331.
Salzano, G. a. (2009, October 16). World's Hungry Pass 1 Billion as
Wealth Increases: Chart of the Day. Retrieved November 23, 2009,
from Bloomberg:
http://www.bllomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20670001&sid=a_2ti
W..
Schouten, Henk J, Frans A Krens, and Evert Jacobsen. Cisgenic plants are
similar to traditionally bred plants: International regulations for
genetically modified organisms should be altered to exempt
cisgenesis, European Molecular Biology Organization. 2006 August;
7(8): 750–753

World goes for GM crops to tackle food crisis. (n.d.). Retrieved November
20, 2009, from Commodity Online:
http://www.commodityonline.com/printnews.php?news_id=13405
Download