Video Questions
yep write down the whole sentence please

1.
2.
3.
4.
So what does Bill Nye say about our
heart…hope you are listening
The Lub is the ____ push, and the Dub is
_________ push
Blood vessels near the heart are _____ like
_______.
A capillary is like a ________, while cells are
like ________.
Our blood brings nutrients and ______ to
every cell
 The following video describes how your blood works
BLOOD AND CIRCULATION
Ch. 17
So what is the circulatory
system?
 Circulate - to move
continuously or freely
through a closed
system or area
 The heart/bloodstream
supply cells with the
nutrients and oxygen
they need to stay alive,
in what is called THE
CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
Circulate?
So does blood just go
everywhere inside our bodies?
 No…
 Humans and other
animals have closed
circulatory systems,
meaning that the blood is
contained within a system
of vessels.
 These are called BLOOD
VESSELS, as they provide
a closed network of blood
to our body
What are the 3 types of blood
vessels called?
 As blood flows through
the circulatory system,
it moves through three
types of blood vessels:
 arteries
 capillaries
 veins
The biggest blood vessel…
 Large vessels that carry
blood AWAY from the
heart to the tissues of
the body are called
ARTERIES.
 Almost all arteries carry
oxygen-rich blood.
 Arteries have thick walls.
 The biggest artery in our
body is the AORTA
The smallest blood vessel…
 The smallest of the
blood vessels are the
CAPILLARIES.
 Their walls are only one
cell thick, and most are
narrow.
 The capillaries bring
nutrients and oxygen
to the tissues and help
remove carbon dioxide
and other waste.
Back to the heart…
 Blood vessels that carry
blood back TOWARD the
heart are VEINS.
 Veins have thinner walls
than arteries.
 The walls of veins
contain connective tissue
and smooth muscle.
 The biggest vein in our
body is the VENA CAVA
“Ven Aca”
Picture time…The LAX Airport
Body
Heart
Oxygen
Red Blood Cells
Arteries/Veins
Blood Vessels (Arteriole)
Capillaries
The Cell
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Your body is a city. And the airport
is your heart.
Airplanes bring in passengers just
as your lungs bring in molecules
such as oxygen.
Once arriving at the airport, taxi
cabs (red blood cells) pick up
passengers at the baggage claim
area and drive them to where they
want to go in the city.
The arteries/veins act as the
roads. These carry many red blood
cells throughout the body. The
biggest of these arteries is the
aorta, which is like 110 South.
The exits/streets are known as
arterioles, as they are smaller
transport systems.
Finally, the passengers arrive at
the driveway of their homes
(capillaries) where they are
dropped off.
The house is the cell, and oxygen is
dropped off in order for the body
to function.
The taxi cabs then pick up
passengers who will leave the city
(carbon dioxide), and they go right
back to the airport by venules, and
the vena cava.
Now, I want you to fill
in the blank diagram…
 Body  Heart  Oxygen -
 Red Blood Cells  Arteries (Aorta) –
 Veins (Vena Cava)  Blood Vessels (Arteriole)  Capillaries  The Cell  Carbon Dioxide -
So what color is our blood?
So what color is our blood?




Blue ?
Red ?
Both ?
Write down what color you think your blood
is, and explain why you think that…
Blue blood?
 Answer: So its really
only dark red (no
oxygen present) or
bright red (with
oxygen present)
 NOT BLUE!!!! EVER..
 Our skins just bends
light to make it look
blue…
 Pretty cool huh?
Okay…
So we know the color but…
But what the heck is blood?!?
Figure 37-7 Blood
Section
37-2
Plasma
Platelets
White blood
cells
Red blood
cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That
Has Been Centrifuged
Figure 37-7 Blood
Section
37-2
Plasma
Platelets
White blood
cells
Red blood
cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That
Has Been Centrifuged
Section
37-2
Blood Composition
Plasma
Platelets
White blood
cells
Red blood
cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That
Has Been Centrifuged
So what is plasma then?
 Plasma makes up about
55% of the total blood
volume
 It is mostly water (90% by
volume)
 But also contains dissolved
proteins, glucose, blood
clotting factors, minerals,
hormones and carbon
dioxide (about 10%)
How about Red Blood Cells?
 Red blood cells are also called erythrocytes
(Eh-Rith-roh-sites)
 They transport oxygen
 They get their red color from HEMOGLOBIN
 This is an iron containing protein that binds to
oxygen in the lungs
 RBC’s are made in the bone marrow (space
inside our bones) and the liver
How does Oxygen get into cells?
 So RBC’s carry oxygen…
 What are the smallest blood vessels
called where blood is delivered to
cells?
 Capillaries! 
 Are the capillaries thick or thin?
 Thin! 
 RBC’s travel in a single file line
 Through diffusion (the movement of
stuff)  oxygen enters a cell…
Physiology – Week 1
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
What is respiration?
 To respire means to breathe (in O2, out CO2)
 Therefore THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
deals with the act of breathing
 Or the exchanging of oxygen and carbon dioxide
 The main organs of the respiratory system
are:
 The lungs!!!
 Duh…
Flowchart
Respiration…steps
Movement of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
In and Out of the Respiratory System
Oxygen from
the air
Mouth/Nose
Oxygen and
carbon dioxide
exchange at
alveoli
Pharynx (throat)
Larynx (Voice
Box)
Trachea
(windpipe)
Alveoli
Bronchioles
Bronchi
Figure 37-14 The Respiratory System
Section
37-3
Mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Lung
Epiglottis
Bronchus
Nose
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
Edge of
pleural membrane
Capillaries
Gas exchange…
Alveoli
Alveoli: tiny air sacs in the
lungs where the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide
takes place.
Bronchiole
DRAW THIS…
Capillary
Figure 37-16 The Mechanics of Breathing
The act of breathing…
Section
37-3
Air
exhaled
Air
inhaled
Rib cage
descends
Rib cage
rises
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
Inhalation
Exhalation
Figure 37-16 The Mechanics of Breathing
The act of breathing…
Section
37-3
Air
exhaled
Air
inhaled
Rib cage
descends
Rib cage
rises
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
Inhalation
Exhalation
Intro To The Nervous System
 If you think of the brain as a
central computer that controls
all the functions of your body,
then the NERVOUS SYSTEM is
like a network that relays
messages back and forth from it
to different parts of the body.
 It does this via the spinal cord,
which runs from the brain down
through the back and contains
threadlike nerves that branch
out to every organ and body
part.
Brain and Senses
Your brain ....
1) Controls your body.
2) Receives messages from your eyes, ears,
tongue, nose, and skin
Your spinal cord…
1) Reflexes are quick responses that cause
your body to react before the brain gets
involved
2) Receives messages from your skin (heat,
pain, etc)
Reaction Time
 GOAL - The goal of this experiment is to
introduce students to the neurotransmission
of messages while testing reaction time.
 This experiment demonstrates how gravity
can react on the reaction time of the nervous
system.
Procedure
Procedure
What
are
platelets?
Section
37-2
Break in
Capillary Wall
Blood vessels
injured.
Clumping of
Platelets
Platelets clump at
the site and
release
thromboplastin.
Clot Forms
Thrombin
converts
fibrinogen into
fibrin, which
causes a clot.