Label The Heart
1. How do you calculate cardiac output (formula)? SVxHR Heart rate is
the number of times your heart beats per minute. Stroke volume is the quantity of
blood your heart pumps per beat. Subtract your systolic blood pressure value from
your diastolic. Pulse pressure is often used as an indirect measure of stroke volume.
2. Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Veins take blood to the heart.
3. What do you call the outer layer of the sac around the heart?
Pericardium
4. What is the inside layer of the heart called? endocardium
5. When vessels expand, it is called? Dilation
6. Briefly describe the myocardium. Muscular middle layer of the wall
of the heart. Myocardium stimulates heart contractions to pump blood
from the ventricles and relaxes the heart to allow the atria to receive
blood.
7. Describe the size and location of the heart. Size of a clenched fist.
Located in the chest cavity just posterior to the breastbone, between the
lungs
8. What is the apex of the heart and where is it located? Lowest point
of the heart. Overlapped by the left lung
9. What divides the left and right side of the heart? Septum
10. Which side of the heart is more muscular? Left ventricle. Pushes
blood to the rest of the body.
11. During what event of the cardiac cycle is arterial blood pressure
at its highest? Systolic pressure. Pressure from ventricles on arterties.
12. Veins and arteries meet at capillaries where nutrients are
exchanged with body tissues.
13. What do the terms tachycardia and bradycardia mean? What is
arrhythmia? Fast heart rate, slow heart rate and abnormal heart beat.
14. What are systolic pressure and diastolic pressure?
15. What is the “normal” blood pressure for a human? BP 120/70
16. What two pieces of equipment are needed to take a person’s
blood pressure? Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope.
17. What are the three kinds of cells found in blood? Platelets, white
blood cells and plasma.
18. What molecule in the blood cell carries oxygen? Hemoglobin
19. What element makes blood red? Hemoglobin
20. What is the function of platelets? Maintain homeostasis by
preventing bleeding.
21. Plasma is made of 90%? Water.
22. Where in the body are blood cells made? Blood cells are made in
the bone marrow.
23. What might cause the body to produce more blood cells? Any
factor that decreases the oxygen level in the body, such as lung disease or
anemia. Sometime this is not enough and people may need a blood
transfusion.
24. Name the three parts of the circulatory system and their function.
Heart, blood vessels and blood.
25. Blood moves from arteries and veins into capillaries.
26. What type of patients might use the platelets? Cancer patients,
those receiving organ or bone marrow transplants, victims of traumatic
injuries, and patients undergoing open heart surgery require platelet
transfusions to survive.
27. What type of patients might use the plasma? burns, traumas and
bleeding disorders.
23. Which blood vessels have one-way valves? Veins.
24. What is homeostasis? maintaining internal equilibrium by adjusting
its physiological processes.
Give example. Regulation of body temperature, control of blood glucose levels,
the regulation of salt and water balance
Fill in the blanks to trace the path of blood
through the circulatory system.
From the right atrium to the right ventricle through the
tricuspid valve to the pulmonary trunk to the right
and left lungs to the capillary beds of the alveoli, to
the pulmonary veins to the left side of the heart
through the mitral valve, to the left ventricle to the
systemic arteries, to the capillaries of the body
tissues, to the systemic veins, to the vena cava which
enter the right atrium of the heart.
Label the Diagram
A - Vessels serving the head and upper limbs
B - Vessels serving the body trunk and lower limbs
C - Vessels serving the viscera
D - Pulmonary Circulation
E - Pulmonary "Pump"
F - Systemic "Pump"