Nervous Systems
Multiple choice. Select the best answer.
1. Which of the following gland(s) is located on
the front and sides of the trachea just below
the larynx?
a. thymus
b. pituitary
c. adrenal
d. pancreas
e. thyroid
Answer: e
2. Which term describes a congenital defect
characterized by incomplete closure of the
spinal canal?
a. shingles
b. sciatica
c. spondylosis
d. hydrocephalus
e. spina bifida
Answer: e
a. ovaries
b. adrenal gland
c. pancreas
d. testes
e. liver
Answer: d
8. The combining form for sugar, sweetness is:
a. sucr/o
b. sucr/a
c. glyc/o
d. glec/o
e. saccr/o
Answer: c
9. Symptoms of diabetes include all of the
following except:
a. polyuria
b. polydipsia
c. polyphagia
d. anorexia
e. hyperglycemia
3. What is the medical term for the inability to
speak?
a. apnea
b. aphasia
c. anorexia
d. dysphasia
e. diplopia
Answer: d
4. The hormone responsible for uterine
contractions during childbirth is:
a. glucagon
b. FSH
c. estrogen
d. oxytocin
e. progesterone
Answer: a
70 Multiple Choice Test Questions
Answer: b
Answer: d
5. What is the function of the hormone
glucagon?
a. It lowers blood glucose levels.
b. It increases blood glucose levels.
c. It regulates the amount of salt in the
body.
d. It stimulates absorption of calcium.
e. It regulates metabolism of the body.
10. The suprarenal glands are superior to the
kidneys, which means they are located:
a. above the kidneys
b. below the kidneys
c. in front of the kidneys
d. behind the kidneys
e. beside the kidneys
11. The gland that regulates the body's
metabolism is the:
a. pituitary gland
b. pancreas
c. adrenal gland
d. thymus gland
e. thyroid gland
Answer: e
12. Graves disease is also known as:
a. hypothyroidism
b. thyrotoxicosis
c. myxedema
d. cretinism
e. thyrotropin
Answer: b
Answer: b
Answer: c
7. Orchidopexy is the surgical fixation of the:
Answer: d
6. A disorder caused by hyperthyroidism is:
a. an adenoma
b. a neoplasm
c. a goiter
d. cretinism
e. Addison disease
13. Another term for stroke is:
a. paraplegia
b. cerebral palsy
c. Parkinsonian syndrome
d. cerebrovascular accident
e. myelomalacia
14. A yellowish discoloration of the skin and
eyes is:
a. metastasis
b. acromegaly
c. jaundice
d. deglutition
e. glycogenesis
Answer: c
15. Which term means an abnormal condition of
a pancreatic stone?
a. pancreatitis
b. pancreatopathy
c. pancreatomegaly
d. pancreatoma
e. pancreatolithiasis
Answer: e
16. An endocrinologist treats patients who suffer
from:
a. cerebral palsy
b. a CVA
c. meningitis
d. myeloma
e. diabetes
Answer: e
17. Which of the following glands secretes
hormones that regulate the body's
metabolism?
a. pineal
b. pancreas (islets of Langerhans)
c. parathyroid
d. adrenal
e. thyroid
Answer: e
18. The hormone PTH is produced by the:
a. parathyroid glands
b. pituitary gland
c. pancreatic gland
d. thymus gland
e. thyroid gland
Answer: a
19. When the membranes that cover the brain
herniate through the opening of the skull,
the condition is called:
a. cerebrosclerosis
b. encephaloma
c. meningocele
d. stroke
e. neuroglia
Answer: c
20. Which diagnostic term is not related to the
others?
a. cerebrovascular accident
b. trigeminal neuralgia
c. stroke
d. CVA
e. apoplexy
Answer: b
21. Hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adults
causes:
a. Cushing disease
b. Parkinson disease
c. myxedema
d. giantism
e. hirsutism
Answer: c
Chapter 9 71
22. Gigantism and dwarfism are a result of
improper functioning of hormones from the:
a. pituitary gland
b. adrenal glands
c. thyroid gland
d. pancreatic gland
e. thymus gland
Answer: a
23. Which term means incision of the thyroid
gland?
a. thyrostomy
b. thyrotomy
c. thyropathy
d. thyromegaly
e. thyroidectomy
Answer: b
24. What is the inner part of the adrenal gland
called?
a. cortex
b. hypophysis
c. medulla
d. isthmus
e. islets
Answer: c
25. Which of the following hormones helps
control calcium levels in the blood?
a. oxytocin
b. insulin
c. epinephrine
d. FSH
e. PTH
Answer: e
26. Which of the following hormones is
responsible for the body's ability to react to
dangerous situations with increased
responsiveness and energy?
a. epinephrine
b. insulin
c. glucagon
d. oxytocin
e. ADH
Answer: a
27. The gland that produces the hormone
responsible for maintaining secondary sex
characteristics is the:
a. adrenal gland
b. thyroid gland
c. thymus gland
d. pituitary gland
e. pancreas
Answer: a
28. A disease characterized by polyuria,
polydipsia, and polyphagia is:
a. diabetes mellitus
b. myelomalacia
c. hypercalcemia
d. acromegaly
e. jaundice
Answer: a
29. The front lobe of the pituitary gland is called
the:
a. anterior lobe
b. posterior lobe
c. inferior lobe
d. superior lobe
e. posterosuperior lobe
Answer: a
30. The primary source of energy for living
organisms is:
a. fat
b. glucose
c. salt
d. water
e. vitamin C
Answer: b
31. What term is a synonym for IDDM?
a. diabetes insipidus
b. non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
c. non-insulin dependent diabetes
insipidus
d. type 1 diabetes
e. type 2 diabetes
Answer: d
72 Multiple Choice Test Questions
32. Which term means enlargement of the
thyroid gland?
a. hypergonadism
b. euthyroid
c. goiter
d. tetany
e. hypophyseal enlargement
Answer: c
33. Parkinson disease is characterized by:
a. narcolepsy
b. cerebellar ataxia
c. cephalgia
d. shuffling gait
e. epilepsy
Answer: d
34. Which term means highly malignant brain
tumor?
a. subdural hematoma
b. glioblastoma
c. meningioma
d. subdural hematoma
e. neuroma
Answer: b
35. All of the following are characteristics of
Huntington chorea except:
a. hereditary nervous disorder
b. progressive loss of brain cells
c. synaptic plexus
d. bizarre, dancelike movements
e. involuntary movements
Answer: c
36. Translate the root asthenia.
A. Arrangement, order, coordination
B. Feeling, sensation
C. Know
D. Slight or partial paralysis
E. Weakness
37. Translate the root tax/o.
A. Arrangement, order, coordination
B. Feeling, sensation
C. Know
D. Slight or partial paralysis
E. Weakness
38. Translate the root paresis.
A. Arrangement, order, coordination
B. Feeling, sensation
C. Know
D. Slight or partial paralysis
E. Weakness
43. Which root refers to the nerve bundle?
A. dur/o
B. gangli/o
C. mening/o, meningi/o
D. myel/o
E. phren/o
39. Translate the root esthesi/o.
A. Arrangement, order, coordination
B. Feeling, sensation
C. Know
D. Slight or partial paralysis
E. Weakness
44. Which root refers to the spinal cord or bone
marrow?
A. dur/o
B. gangli/o
C. mening/o, meningi/o
D. myel/o
E. phren/o
40. Translate the root gnosi/o.
A. Feeling, sensation
B. Know
C. Mind
D. Sleep
E. Speech
41. Which root refers to the tough outer
membrane surrounding the brain and spinal
cord?
A. dur/o
B. gangli/o
C. mening/o, meningi/o
D. myel/o
E. phren/o
42. Which root refers to the entire membrane
surrounding the brain and spinal cord?
A. dur/o
B. gangli/o
C. mening/o, meningi/o
D. myel/o
E. phren/o
45. Which of the following roots is associated
with the function of the nervous system (as
opposed to the structure of the nervous
system)?
A. cephal/o
B. cerebr/o
C. crani/o
D. encephal/o
E. psych/o
46. Identify and define the root in the term
schizophrenia
A. schizo–divide
B. schizo–multiple
C. phren–brain
D. phren–mind
E. ia–condition
47. Identify and define the roots in the term
somnambulism.
A. somn–speech; ambul–clot
B. somn–same; ambul–clot
C. somn–singing; ambul–throw
D. ism–condition
E. somn–sleep; ambul–walk