Human Body
Presented by:
Janet Rushing, Assistant Principal, Harrisburg
Deborah Burris, Assistant Principal, Mt. Pleasant
Objectives
• Participants will unpack the life science standards related to
the structure and function of living organisms.
• Participants will be able to compare the major systems of the
human body.
• Participants will be able to explain the structure and function
of the human body systems.
• Participants will be able access a variety of online resources
and tools to plan for the Living Organisms science unit.
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms
Essential Standards
5.L.1 – Understand how structures and
systems of organisms (to include the human
body) perform functions necessary for life.
• 5.L.1.1 - Explain why some organisms are
capable of surviving as a single cell while
others require many cells that are
specialized to survive.
• 5.L.1.2 - Compare the major systems of
the human body in terms of their
functions necessary for life.
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms
Unpacked
Students know that unicellular organisms consist of a single cell
and perform all life processes within a single cell. Students know
that multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more
than one cell and have differentiated cells that perform specialized
functions in the organism. Students know that many organisms –
including humans – are multicellular. Students know that in
complex multicellular organisms, only the surface cells that are in
contact with the external environment are able to exchange
substances with it. Cells within the organism are too far away from
the environment for direct exchange. This is the reason
multicellular organisms have developed transport systems.
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms
Unpacked
Students know that there are many systems in the human body.
Some of these systems are:
• Circulatory System (heart, blood, vessels)
• Respiratory System (nose, trachea, lungs)
• Skeletal System (bones)
• Muscular System (muscles)
• Digestive System (mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines)
• Nervous System (brain, spinal cord, nerves)
Students know that each system performs a special life process
function and that the systems work together to maintain health
and fitness.
Human Body
• Most complicated machine in
the world.
• We see with it, hear with it,
breathe with it, walk and run
with it, and sense pleasure
with it.
• By the time the human
reaches adulthood, the body
consists of close to 10 trillion
cells, the basic unit of life.
• Groups of cells combine and
work in partnership to form
tissue, which combines to
form organs, which work
together to form organ
systems.
5.L.1.1 - Explain why some organisms
are capable of surviving as a single cell
while others require many cells that
are specialized to survive.
CELLS
Cells
Basic unit of structure and function of all
living matter.
Size, shape and function varies.
All cells are similar. They have cellular
components, example, nerve cells relate to
the nerves, blood cells relate to the blood,
etc…
Cells are compared to rooms of a house.
Each room has walls, a floor and ceiling;
Each room has a unique function as cells
has its own unique function and is
surrounded by a specialized cell
membrane.
Videos to enhance learning:
• Cells in the Human Body
• Human Cell Types
5.L.1.2 - Compare the major systems
of the human body in terms of their
functions necessary for life.
MAJOR BODY SYSTEMS
Human Body Systems
The organ systems of the body
include the following:
• Integumentary system
• Skeletal system
• Muscular system
• Nervous system
• Endocrine system
• Circulatory system
• Lymphatic & Immune system
• Respiratory system
• Digestive system
• Urinary system
• Reproductive system
Human Body Systems video
Body Systems
• Integumentary System (Skin) – helps
regulate body temperature and is a
barrier between the body and
environment
• Skeletal System (Bones)
• Muscular System (muscles)
• Nervous System (Brain, Spinal Cord,
Nerves)
• Endocrine System: Produces
hormones to regulate organ activity
• Circulatory System (Heart, Blood)
• Lymphatic & Immunity System
(Lymph vessels & nodes, immunity):
Filters out harmful bacteria; acts as a
reservoir for blood; works as a
recycling plant, destroying and
removing old RBCs and preserving
the hemoglobin
Body Systems continued…
• Respiratory System (lungs,
breathing)
• Digestive System
(Esophagus, stomach,
small/large intestines,
gallbladder, mouth,
pancreas, liver)
• Urinary System (Kidneys,
Urinary Bladder, Ureters,
Urethra) – Removes waste
products from the body
• Reproductive System
(Male/Female
Reproductive Organs):
Reproduces human beings
Skeleton System
Supports and protects organs
Anchors muscles
Shapes and forms our body shape
Support, protect, allows bodily movement, site
for blood formation for the body, and stores
minerals
An infant is born with 300-350 bones. Due to
bone fusing an adult body has 206 bones.
Consists of 2 main parts that include: Axial
Skeleton & Appendicular Skeleton
Videos to enhance learning:
• Skeletal System Overview
• School House Rock Video
• Skeletal System Song
Game:
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Largest System in the body; nearly ½ of our
body weight comes from muscles.
Made up of tissues that work in conjunction
with the Skeletal System to cause
movement.
Function is to produce force and cause
motion.
3 kinds of muscles: Skeletal Muscles;
Cardiac Muscles; and Smooth Muscles.
Muscles provide strength, balance posture ,
movement and heat for the body to keep
warm. Maintains body temperature
There are approximately 650 muscles in
the human body.
Video to enhance learning:
Muscular System Overview
Nervous System
The communication center of the body; it
has specialized cells that communicate
about the surroundings of organisms.
Controls all other body systems.
There are 2 categories: Peripheral
Nervous System (PNS) and Central
Nervous System (CNS).
The brain is the core nervous system
organ.
The spinal cord is the main pathway for
information to be communicated between
the brain and other organs of the body.
Nerves carry messages to and from the
body.
Videos to enhance learning:
Overview of Nervous System
Circulatory System
• The circulatory system passes
nutrients, gases, hormones, blood cells,
nitrogen waste products, food etc. to
and from cells in the body.
• It helps fight diseases and help stabilize
body temperature and pH to maintain
homeostasis.
• Organs include the heart, blood vessels
and blood.
• Adult body has 8 to 10 pints of blood.
• Approximately 5 L of blood continually
moves throughout the body daily.
• The heart is the center of the
circulatory system. It is the pump that
circulates blood to all parts of the body.
Videos to enhance learning:
Overview of Circulatory System for Students
Song for Kids
Homeostasis is well being; state of balance.
Allows gas exchange.
It takes in oxygen from the air that you breathe in.
Allows the body to get rid of carbon dioxide.
Main organs include the lungs. There are 2 lungs in the human body.
The left one is divided into two lobes because of making room for the heart;
the right lung is divided into three lobes.
Videos to enhance learning:
Overview of Respiratory System for Teachers
Digestive Systems
The digestive systems organs consist of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small/large
intestines, appendix and anus; Accessory organs include: gall bladder, pancreas,
and liver. Breaks food down into smaller pieces. Changes food chemically by digestive
juices. Aids in the absorption of nutrients and to eliminate waste products.
Video to enhance learning:
Overview of Digestive System for Teachers
References
Fong, Elizabeth and Scott, Ann Senisi. Body
Structures & Functions 10th edition. New York:
Delmar Learning, 2004.
Fong, Elizabeth and Scott, Ann Senisi. Body
Structures & Functions 9th edition. New York:
Delmar Learning, 1998.
Schuster, Janette. North Carolina End-of-Grade
Coach, Gold Edition, Science, Grade 5 205NC.
New York: Triumph Learning, 2012.
Herlihy, Barbara and Maebius, Nancy. The Human
Body in Health and Illness 2nd edition. Missouri:
Elsevier Science, 2003.
•
http://www.the-human-body.net/index.html
•
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=huma
n+body+free+clipart&id=
B01B254017C762D2B3EC88135EDFFB799E5C
6A96&FORM=IQFRBA
•
•
http://www.KidsHealth.org
•
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/humanbody.ht
ml
•
http://www.makemegenius.com/
•
http://wn.com/human_cell_types
•
http://wn.com/skeletal_system
•
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Cells
+in+the+Human+Body&
FORM=RESTAB
•
Additional Video Resources
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Cells+in+the+Human+Body&FORM
=HDRSC3#view=detail&mid=47A79AD5DD9A1DE3CFC947A79AD5DD9A1DE3CFC9
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=human+skeletal+system+video+for+kids&FO
RM=VIRE11#view=detail&mid=4F3686C9A746B154158F4F3686C9A746B154158F
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=human+skeletal+system+video+for+kids&FO
RM=VIRE11#view=detail&mid=B91FA347D7C105F9309FB91FA347D7C105F9309F
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=muscular%20system%20video&qs=VI&form=
QBVR&pq=muscular%20system&sc=815&sp=3&sk=VI2#view=detail&mid=BF5BC4BA3D1A395B01A9BF5BC4BA3D1A395B0
1A9
Additional Video Resources
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=human+respiratory+system+for+kids&qs=AS&s
k=VI1AS3&FORM=QBVR&pq=human%20respiratory%20s&sc=819&sp=5&qs=AS&sk=VI1AS3#view=detail&mid=879BF96AFAB0F2BDAAC0879BF96AFA
B0F2BDAAC0
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Cells+in+the+Human+Body&FORM=HDRSC3#vi
ew=detail&mid=87CD476FFB4D28EC78E287CD476FFB4D28EC78E2
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=digestive+system+video&qs=VI&form=QBVR&
pq=digestive+system+video&sc=822&sp=1&sk=#view=detail&mid=7F2519185FAF553444A37F2519185FAF553444A3
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Nervous+system+video&qs=n&form=QBVR&p
q=nervous+system+video&sc=8-20&sp=1&sk=#view=detail&mid=C0FF7E1DCF8DBC11A5D7C0FF7E1DCF8DBC11A5D7
Additional Handouts and Resources
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=printable+human+body+diagram&qpvt=
Printable+Human+Body+Diagram&FORM=IGRE
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Human+Body+Outline+Printable&FORM
=RESTAB
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Human+Body+Felt+Board+Patterns&FOR
M=RESTAB#view=detail&id=5FF852B5CA5E478AADD4F27042679EACDB540912&s
electedIndex=42
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=digestive+system+worksheets&qpvt=Dig
estive+System+Worksheets&FORM=IGRE#a
http://www.kbteachers.com/human-anatomy/
http://www.parents.com/blogs/homeschool-den/2013/04/03/science/humanbody-systems-free-worksheets/
http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/human-body.html
Additional Handouts and Resources
http://health-advisors.org/human-body-diagram-labeled-organs/
http://www.wartgames.com/themes/humanbody/heart.html
http://www.homeschool-activities.com/human-body-for-kids.html
http://www.pinterest.com/explore/human-body-crafts/
http://www.netplaces.com/kids-science-experiments/the-human-body/
Branzei, Sylvia. The Science of Really Gross Things! Grossology. New York: Price
Stern Sloan, Penguin Putnam Books, 2002.
Branzei, Sylvia. The Science of Really Gross Things! Grossology. New York: Price
Stern Sloan, Penguin Putnam Books, 1995.
Branzei, Sylvia. Really Gross Things About Your Body. Grossology. New York:
Price Stern Sloan, Penguin Putnam Books, 2002.
Matt, Margaret. Human Anatomy Coloring Book. New York: Dover Publications,
Inc., 1982.
Human Body Basics Assessment
Table Top Activities
Body System Activities (Mt. Pleasant)
• Respiratory activity: Lung Volume
• Skeleton Project: Create a 3D skeleton and skeletal pattern
• Bones Activity: recipe on how to make bones
• Body System: felt or paper activity
• Circulatory System: fake blood
Body System Activities (Harrisburg)
• Webquest
• Notebooking
• Science Kit
Exit Slip