Chapter 11:
Emotional Development
Human Growth & Development
Erikson’s Theory of
Psychosocial Development
Psychosocial Stages
pages 404 – 407
Two Column Notes
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy):
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler):
Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool):
Industry vs. Inferiority (Elementary Years):
Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence):
Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood):
Generativity Years: (Middle Age):
Integrity vs. Despair (Retirement Years):
Psychosocial Stages
pages 404 - 407
1.
2.
3.
4.
Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy): Depends on
caregiver’s reliability in providing attention to
infant’s needs.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler):
Toddlers learn to do by themselves unless
caretaker does too much for them and they then
doubt themselves.
Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Undertake activities
independently unless discouraged and then they
develop guilt about acting inappropriately.
Industry vs. Inferiority (Elementary Years): Willing
to work hard unless not meeting adult’s
expectations and then feel inferior.
Psychosocial Stages
5. Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Who
they are and where they are heading
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Form
reciprocal relationship with Others
7. Generativity Years: (Middle Age): Productivity or
stagnation for lack of
8. Integrity vs. Despair (Retirement Years): Looks
back on life
THREE MAJOR STAGES OF
EMOTION
 Attachment
 Emotion
 Temperament
and Personality
ATTACHMENT
An enduring emotional tie uniting one person
to another
ATTACHMENT
Begins to develop during infancy
All ages require a NEED FOR RELATEDNESS –
fundamental need to feel socially connected
to, and loved and respected by, other
people
The need is more vital and the effects more
far-reaching for infants and toddlers
Attachment Facts
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Care for infants in a warm, sensitive
environment.
Give children time to adjust to you.
Model affectionate care-giving for family
members.
Encourage multiple attachments.
Seek professional guidance when
attachment problems are present.
Emotion
physiological and psychological response to an
event that is personally relevant to one’s
needs and goals.
Anger
Emotion
Begins to develop during early childhood
Ability to express, cope, and understand
change with age
Expression and control could depend on
gender, family, and culture
Characterizes several types of disorders
Emotion Facts
Gender Differences: Biologically some differences
but socially reinforced.
(Little boys more aggressive and parents
discourage this for little girls.)
 Family and Cultural Differences: (China and
Japan children shy vs. Zambia where kids smile
and are social)
 Socio-Economic Differences: Low-income children
prone to more emotional difficulties BUT so are
Middle and High Income children. (can’t live up to
expectation)

Emotional Problems
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Depression (sad)
Anxiety Disorders (worry)
Conduct Disorders (little guilt over wrong doing)
What do we Do?
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4.
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6.
Show interest in their well being.
Teach social skills.
Provide extra structure.
Set limits for behavior.
Give them a sense that they have some control.
Be alert for signs of suicide.
TEMPERAMENT AND
PERSONALITY
The distinctive ways of behaving, thinking,
and feeling
Temperament and Personality
Becomes more defined during early
adolescence
Help us understand how individuals will
respond to emotions, form attachments, and
act in social settings
Very complex
Jeremy Fit
Textbook page 419
Crackpot Friend
Textbook page 434