First Semester Final Exam Review Packet - Hannigan
Name: ______________________________
Period: _____________
Directions:
 You do not need to write out answers to the learning targets, but they will be an important part of
questions on the final exam.
 For each term or historical figure give a definition AND explain the significance in your own words.
You must work independently on this and not with a partner.
 All of your answers to the questions must be handwritten in the space provided. (No typed papers
will be accepted).
Grading: This completed review packet is due at the Final and will count as a 50 point test grade in the
final six weeks of the grading period.
Beginnings of Civilization & Ancient River Valley Civilizations
1. Students will construct a logical connection between the Agricultural Revolution and
the formation of Civilization.
2. Students will assess the effects of geography on the beginnings of human civilization.
3. Students will investigate the methods by which cultural diffusion occurred in
ancient
civilizations.
4. Students will compare and contrast the major ancient religions, specifically the role
of monotheism versus polytheism.
Agricultural (Neolithic) Revolution:

Definition:

Significance:
Polytheism:

Definition:

Significance:
Monotheism:

Definition:

Significance:
Domestication of Plants and Animals:

Definition:
1

Significance:
Cultural Diffusion:

Definition:

Significance:
Empire:

Definition:

Significance:
City-state:

Definition:

Significance:
Early Chinese River Civilizations (Shang and Zhou):
Ying-Yang:

Definition:

Significance:
Mandate of Heaven:

Definition:

Significance:
Dynastic Cycle:

Definition:

Significance:
2
Judaism:

Definition:

Significance:
Torah:

Definition:

Significance:
Abraham:

Definition:

Significance:
Moses:

Definition:

Significance:
Synagogue:

Definition:

Significance:
Hebrew:

Definition:

Significance:
Ten Commandments:

Definition:
3

Significance:
Covenant:

Definition:

Significance:
Ancient Empires

India
1. Students will compare and contrast major concepts in Hinduism and Buddhism.
2. Students will evaluate the impact of trade on cultural diffusion in the Indian Subcontinent.
Hinduism:

Definition:

Significance:
Reincarnation:

Definition:

Significance:
Karma:

Definition:

Significance:
Caste System:

Definition:

Significance:
Buddhism:

Definition:

Significance:
4
Siddhartha Gautama/Buddha:

Definition:

Significance:
Explain the life of the Buddha:

Definition:

Significance:
Enlightenment:

Definition:

Significance:
Explain how Buddhism views the Caste System:
4 Noble Truths:

Definition:

Significance:
Eightfold Path:

Definition:

Significance:
Nirvana:

Definition:

Significance:
Middle Way:
5

Definition:

Significance:
Compare and Contrast Buddhism and Hinduism:
China
1. Students will compare and contrast major philosophical and social concepts in Confucianism and
Daoism.
2. Students will compare and contrast the dynastic structure (Mandate of Heaven) of Chinese
government with the ideals of Confucianism.
3. Students will cite reasons for why the Han Empire was a golden age of Chinese culture.
4. Students will evaluate the impact of the Silk Roads on cultural diffusion between East and West.
Daoism:

Definition:

Significance:
Confucianism:

Definition:

Significance:
Filial piety:

Definition:

Significance:
5 Basic Relationships:

Definition:

Significance:
Legalism:
6

Definition:

Significance:
Great Wall:

Definition:

Significance:
Han Empire:

Definition:

Significance:
Greece
1. Students will compare and contrast concepts of citizenship and government between Athens,
Sparta, and the United States.
2. Students will cite the contributions of ancient Greek civilization to modern society (including art,
architecture, philosophy, etc.).
3. Students will explain how Greeks used religion and mythology to explain essential questions in life.
4. Students will assess the impact of war (Peloponnesian, Persian, Alexandrian) on the changing
cohesiveness of ancient Greece.
5. Students will compare and contrast classical and Hellenistic culture.
Polis:

Definition:

Significance:
Athens:

Definition:

Significance:
Sparta:

Definition:
7

Significance:
Requirements for citizenship in Greece:

Definition:

Significance:
Democracy:

Definition:

Significance:
Greek Mythology:

Definition:

Significance:
Socrates:

Definition:

Significance:
Plato:

Definition:

Significance:
Aristotle:

Definition:

Significance:
Parthenon:
8

Definition:

Significance:
Pericles:

Definition:

Significance:
Golden Age of Athens:

Definition:

Significance:
Persian wars:

Definition:

Significance:
Peloponnesian wars:

Definition:

Significance:
Rome
1. Student will outline how the Roman Republic was structured.
2. Students will articulate a cause and effect relationship between the issues of the Republic and the
formation of an empire.
3. Students will assess the successes and failures of the reigns of Julius Caesar and Augustus.
4. Students will identify the major tenets of Christianity and its appeal to ancient Romans.
5. Students will synthesize issues in the late Western Roman Empire to explain its decline.
Gracchi Brothers:

Definition:

Significance:
9
Roman Republic:

Definition:

Significance:
Roman Senate:

Definition:

Significance:
Patricians:

Definition:

Significance:
Plebeians:

Definition:

Significance:
Roman citizenship requirements:

Definition:

Significance:
Julius Caesar (achievements, route to power, and end):

Definition:

Significance:
Augustus (achievements):

Definition:
10
 Significance:
Pax Romana:

Definition:

Significance:
Colosseum:

Definition:

Significance:
Christianity:

Definition:

Significance:
Teachings of Jesus Christ:
Reasons Christianity flourished:
Apostles:

Definition:

Significance:
Constantine:

Definition:

Significance:
Factors leading to the fall of the Western Roman Empire:
11
12
Islam The Islamic Empire
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Students will describe the teachings and tenets of Islam.
Students will compare and contrast the tenets of the three major monotheistic religions.
Students will explain the expansion of the Islamic Empire.
Students will cite the major cultural and technological advancements of the Islamic Empire.
Student will distinguish between the Sunni and Shiite branches of Islam.
Muhammad:

Definition:

Significance:
Quran:

Definition:

Significance:
Mosque:

Definition:

Significance:
List AND DEFINE the Five Pillars of Islam:





Hajj:

Definition:

Significance:
People of the Book:

Definition:
13

Significance:
Sharia:

Definition:

Significance:
Arabic:

Definition:

Significance:
Sunni-Shiite Split:

Definition:

Significance:
Compare and contrast Sunni and Shiite Muslims:
Explain how and where Islam spread:
Africa
1. Explain the importance of gold and salt in early Africa.
2. Differentiate among the major African kingdoms and trading states.
3. Students will describe how cultural diffusion influenced Africa culturally, economically and
religiously.
4. Students will describe the impact of cultural diffusion on Northern and Sub-Saharan Africa.
Mali’s Golden Age:

Definition:

Significance:
14
Mansa Musa:

Definition:

Significance:
Timbuktu:

Definition:

Significance:
Trans-Saharan Trade:

Definition:

Significance:
Asia and the Silk Road
1. Students will describe the cultural and political achievements of the Tang and Song dynasties.
2. Students will explain the reasons for the rapid rise, decline and lasting legacy of the
Mongol Empire.
3. Students will describe the significance of Marco Polo’s journey to both Europe and China.
4. Students will compare and contrast the reasons for Japanese, Chinese and European isolation.
5. Students will explain the role the Silk Road played in cultural diffusion in China, India, the Middle
East, Africa and Mediterranean.
Silk Roads:

Definition:

Significance:
Mongol Empire:

Definition:

Significance:
15
Genghis Khan:

Definition:

Significance:
Marco Polo:

Definition:

Significance:
Zheng He:

Definition:

Significance:
Early Modern Europe: Renaissance and Age of Exploration
1. Students will describe the characteristics of the Renaissance and understand why it began in Italy.
2. Identify Renaissance artists and writers and explain how new ideas (Humanism) affected the arts of
the period.
3. Explain how the printing revolution shaped Europe society.
4. Students will cite reasons for European exploration and conquest.
5. Students will analyze the consequences of European exploration and conquest.
Explain why Italian city-states became leaders of the Renaissance:
Da Vinci: (list key works – you will need to recognize these visually):
Michelangelo: (list key works – you will need to recognize these visually):
Raphael: (list key works – you will need to recognize these visually):
Gutenberg Press:

Definition:
16

Significance:
Columbian Exchange: (results – product exchanges and effects on population):

Definition:

Significance:
Humanism:

Definition:

Significance:
Middle Passage:

Definition:

Significance:
Renaissance Art:

Definition:

Significance:
17
Map/ Geography Identifications:
Tigris River
Huang (Yellow) River
Euphrates River
Amazon River
Nile River
Indus River
Straights of Magellan
Caribbean Sea
Red Sea
Indian Ocean
Malacca Straits
South China Sea
Black Sea
Bering Strait
Mediterranean Sea
Caspian Sea
Persian Gulf
Aegean Sea
Atlantic Ocean
Andes Mountains
Alps Mountains
Himalayas Mountains
Ural Mountains
Yucatan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula
Italian Peninsula
Iberian Peninsula
Asia Minor
Rome
Jerusalem
Athens
Troy
Alexandria
Constantinople/Istanbul
Gobi Desert
Sahara Desert
Skills
1. Identify key geographic locations and analyze their impact on history.
2. Interpret charts, graphs and timelines.
3. Evaluate written and visual primary sources.
18
Mecca