The Restoration of the
Monarchy
• when Cromwell dies, the people are ready to
reestablish the monarchy and the Anglican
Church
• Charles II (son of Charles I) is named monarch
and he puts in the status quo from before
Cromwell
• Similar problems surrounding king and
Parliament; religion in the Church of England
Charles II
• believed in religious
toleration and planned to
convert to Catholicism
• in attempt to unite the
people behind the war with
Holland, issues Declaration
of Indulgence suspending
all laws against Catholics
and non-Anglican
Protestants
• Parliament forces Charles to rescind Declaration of
Indulgence and passes Test Act – requiring all civic and
military officials to swear an oath against the doctrine of
transubstantiation (Catholic communion)
• Treaty of Dover makes peace with France and receives
an allotment of money each year to introduce
Catholicism
• In response to a threat of assassination, Charles responds
by executing Whig members for treason, converts to
Catholicism on his death bed and leaves James II a
Parliament filled with royal friends
James II
• James II – repeals the Test Act, puts Catholics in positions of
power, and issues another Declaration of Indulgence
permitting religious freedom
• In 1688, James imprisoned seven Anglican bishops for refusing
to read the Declaration of Indulgence to their pulpits
• Whigs—mainly middle class and Puritan, favored
Parliament and religious toleration
• Tories—made up of nobles, gentry, and Anglicans
supported the monarchy and wanted Anglicanism as the
official religion
• James II fathered a male heir in June 1688 who would be
raised a Catholic
• Moves to create a Catholic England result in the creation of
unity amongst Protestant factions in England.
The Glorious Revolution
• Parliament afraid of a Catholic heir to the
throne invite William III (stadtholder ) of
Orange(Netherlands) to invade England
• James II flees to France - William and Mary
(James II eldest Protestant daughter)
succeed to the throne in the bloodless
Glorious Revolution
Results of the Glorious
Revolution
• Bill of Rights (1689)forbade the use royal
rights without Parliament consentlaws,
armies, Protestant faith, no Catholic heir
• England becomes a limited monarchy and
permits worship of all Protestants, but not
Catholics (The Toleration Act of 1689)
• Act of Settlement puts King George I on the
throne. George I, Elector of Hanover, a
Protestant Prince and distant relation to the
Stuarts