Vibrant Gujarat 2013:
Business- Environment Sector
Contents
Environmental Laws in India
Environmental objectives in Gujarat
Industrial development in Gujarat
Urban development in Gujarat
Gujarat Waste management sector
Urban waste management sector in Gujarat
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Liquid waste management
Solid municipal waste management
Common effluent treatment plants
Hazardous Waste Management
Bio medical waste management
E waste collection
Air Pollution Management
Environmental Focus Sectors
Environmental Laws in India
Constitutional Framework in India
One of the rare constitutions of the world which contains specific
provisions relating to Environmental protection
Article 21
 Fundamental Rights
 No person shall be deprived of his life or
personal liberty except according to procedure
established by law
Article 48 (A)
 Directive Principles of State Policy
 State shall endeavour to protect and
improve the environment and to safeguard
the forests and wild life of the country
Article 51 A (g)
 Fundamental Duties
 to protect and improve the natural
environment including forests, lakes, rivers
and wild life, and to have compassion for
living creatures
National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and
Development, 1992
Policy Statement on Abatement of Pollution, 1992
National Environment Policy, 2006
 Need for balance and harmony between economic, social and environmental
needs of the country
 Intended to mainstream environmental concerns in all development Activities,
 A statement of India's commitment to making a positive contribution to
international efforts,
 The right to development and equity along with environmental standard
setting and a precautionary approach
 To stimulate partnerships of different stakeholders, i.e. public agencies, local
communities, academic and scientific institutions, the investment community,
and international development partners, in harnessing their respective resources
and strengths for environmental management
5
Environmental Laws in India: Acts
 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977
 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
 Atomic Energy Act of 1982
 Motor Vehicles Act ,1988
 The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
 The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA)
 The National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997
 Public Liability Insurance Act (PLIA), 1991
 National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
6
Environmental Laws in India: Rules & Notifications
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The Hazardous Waste (Management And Handling) Rules, 1989
The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules,1989
The Environmental Public Hearing Rules, 1997
The Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules,1998
Recycled Plastics Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules,2000
The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules,2000
The Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules,2000
The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001
Right to Information Rules, 2005
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification-2006
Utilization of Fly Ash – Notification of Directions, 1999
The Environmental Audit Scheme, 1996
The Coastal Zone Regulation
Environmental objectives in Gujarat
Environmental objectives in Gujarat
Improvement in quality of environment by effective implementation of laws
Control of pollution at source to the maximum extent possible – pollution prevention, clean
technologies / green chemistry
Identifications of sites and development of procedures and methods for the treatment and
safe disposal of hazardous wastes
Maximization of re-use and re-cycle of sewage and trade effluent on land for irrigation and
for industrial purpose after giving appropriate treatment and thereby economizing and saving
on the use of water
Minimization of adverse effect of pollution by selecting suitable locations for the establishment
of new industrial projects and adopting efficient and effective control technologies
Encourage the setting up of Common Environmental Infrastructure Projects e.g.
Common Effluent Treatment Plants and Treatment Stabilization Disposal Facilities
Close co-ordination and rapport with educational institutions, non government
organizations, Industries Associations, Government organizations, etc. to create environmental
awareness
9
Industrial development in Gujarat
Gujarat Industrialisation
1200
Large Industries &
over 3,20,000
Micro, Small & Medium Industries
Destination For Foreign Visitors
• Strategic Location
• Fastest growing Economy
• Business Friendly Policies
• Robust physical, Social and
Industrial Infrastructure
• Quality Manpower
• Abundant Natural Resources
• High Quality of Life, low cost of
Living
11
Gujarat : Environmental Infrastructure
State Wise Distribution of Common
TSDFs & Waste incinerators
Capacity (in State
With SLF+
State
Wit SLF+
MLD)
SLF
Inciner
h
Inciner
13
ator
SLF ator
Common Effluent Treatment Plants in India
State
Andhra Pradesh
No. of
CETPs
3
Delhi
15
Gujarat
28
Himachal Pradesh
4
Haryana
1
Karnataka
9
Madhya Pradesh
3
Maharashtra
23
Punjab
4
Rajasthan
2
Tamil Nadu
133 A.P.
500 Daman,D
1 iu
& NH
1
Gujarat
- H.P.
1 Karnatak
173 a
Kerala
58
71 M.P.
36
Uttar Pradesh
2
Total
130
44
Maharas
70 htra
1,065
2
1
2
-
Orissa
Punjab
1
1
-
8
1
1
4
-
Rajasthan 1
T.N.
1
U.P.
3
-
1
-
1
1
4
3
Uttarakha 1
nd
West
1
Bengal
TOTAL
28
Captive HWIF:
78
95
1
1
1
13
Common HWIF: 05
Common MEE-
04
Captive MEE-
Common BMWF: 13
Captive TSDF:
13
Decontamination Facility :03
Common ETP: 28
Common TSDF:
08
Treated Effluent Conveyance Pipeline: 07
Urban development in India
Urban India in 2030
5
590
Million urban
population
times the
current
GDP
1,200
Urban Population in Million
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1991
2001
2008
2030
Billion US
Dollar
investment
required
270
91
Million more
working
population
Million middle
class urban
households
900
Million Sq.m
annual
additional
built up space
2,500
Million Sq.m
additional
paved roads
68
Cities with
million plus
population
7,400
KM of Metros
and Subways
 Cities would generate 70% of the net new jobs by
2030
 Cities would generate 70% of the GDP
 Cities would drive four-fold increase in the per
capita income
 Urban Economy would provide 85% of tax
income
*Sources: India’s Urban Awakening, MGI; Oxford Economics Projections
14
State of urban services: Wide demand supply gap
Solid Waste
Generation per day
Solid waste Collection (% total waste generated)
115,000 tons
100
Per Capita generation
0.2-0.6 kg
Increase in per capita
generation
1.3%
Waste in million plus
cities
1200-5500
TDP
Waste treated before
disposal
30%
50
0
India
Sewerage Treated (% of sewerage generated)
Households without toilets
70%
Households using septic tank
35%
Sewerage coverage
Sewerage generation in 300
cities in MLD
Treatment capacity in MLD
Global Best in
class
 Waste collection less than 50% in smaller cities
 Less than 30% of solid waste segregated
 Collection of garbage from dumpsites infrequent
 Lack of scientific disposal of waste
 Proportion of organic waste to total is much higher as
compared to other countries
Sewerage & Sanitation
Households with sewerage
Service
Standards
22%
100
50
0
India
Service
Standards
Global Best in
class
 4861 out of 5161 cities/towns without even a partial
48%-70% sewerage network
15,800  18% of urban households defecate in the open
3,750
 Less than 20% of the road network covered by storm
water drains
 Only 21% of waste water generated is treated
*Sources: Report on Urban Infrastructure, National Institute of Urban Affairs ;
India’s Urban Awakening, MGI; Oxford Economics Projections
15
Urban development in Gujarat
Gujarat Urbanization Trends
Ahmedabad
Urbanisation
3rd
Fastest growing city of the world
2 times
per capita income of the country
45.00%
40.00%
35.00%
30.00%
25.00%
20.00%
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
42.58%
27.23%
Increase in
Urbanization since
last census
Gujarat to be the 2nd most urbanized State of
the country
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Tamil Nadu
0%
50%
Urbanization
100%
1961
31.10%
19.91%
1971
23.70%
1981
Gujarat
Looking into the Future: 2030
Punjab
28.06%
17.29% 18.00%
1951
3 of the largest cities
belong to Gujarat
25.74%
of the country will
Kanpur
Vadodara
Nagpur
Jaipur
Surat
Ahmedabad
Hyderabad
Pune
Bangalore
Chennai
Kolkata
Delhi
Mumbai
6.00%
5.00%
4.00%
3.00%
2.00%
1.00%
0.00%
34.47%
37.36%
25.71%
1991
India
27.78%
2001
31.16%
2011
5.22%
4.41%
3.35%
2.80%
1.15%
• Gujarat accounts for 6% of total
geographical area of the country
and 5% of the its population
0
10
20
30
Population (Million)
*Sources: Forbes- Fastest Growing cities of the World, Census 2011
India’s Urban Awakening-MGI
40
• One of the fastest urbanizing states
in India
17
Urban local bodies in Gujarat
Urban local body category
% of total
Number Gujarat urban
population
Municipal corporations
07
58
Class-A Municipal Cities (Population above 100 thousand)
18
13
Class-B Municipal Towns (Population 50 to 100 thousand)
33
11
Class-C Municipal Towns (Population 25 to 50 thousand)
45
8
Class-D Municipal Towns (Population 15 to 25 thousand)
63
6
As per 2011 census, the
total urban population
of Gujarat is
approximately 26
million
18
Gujarat Waste management sector
Current status of drainage scheme
No of
Municipalities
Current Status
No of Mission
Cities
No of Non Mission Cities
Collection
No Network
Incomplete Coverage (17 out of 54
municipalities systems do not
function properly)
105
-
1
54
4
2
105
-
1
54
4
2
105
-
1
54
-
2
-
4
-
Pumping
Do not have pumping facility
Up gradation of pumping system
Treatment
No treatment done
Aerobic treatment facility
STP (Sewage Treatment Plant)
Waste Water Management
• Mission cities have more than 75% coverage and functional STP of required capacities
• Non mission cities have less than 50% coverage and the STPs are non functional
• 159 municipalities have less than 10% coverage and no functional STPs
• PPP in STP at Ahmedabad, Surat and Rajkot are at experimentation stage
20
Current status of sewage in municipal corporations
of major cities
Mission cities
Parameters
Ahmedab
ad
Surat
Non mission cities
Vadodara
Rajkot
Bhavnagar
Jamnagar
Junagadh
Waste
generated
720 MLD
544 MLD
306 MLD
149 MLD
50 MLD
48 MLD
20 MLD
Waste water
collected
690 MLD
508 MLD
295 MLD
80 MLD
40 MLD
16 MLD
Nil
Waste water
treated
662 MLD
508 MLD
258 MLD
80 MLD
Nil
Nil
Nil
% of
wastewater
treated
92 % (due
to lesser
network)
93%
84% (due to
lesser
network)
54 % (due
to lesser
network)
0%
0%
0%
% of population
covered
70%
85%
80%
65%
70%
25-30%
0%
% of area
covered
72%
60%
70%
56%
80%
25-30%
0%
21
Current status and challenges of waste water
Coverage
• Coverage is very less.
Only 54 towns are
covered with sewerage
network
• Towns having sewerage
network do not cover the
entire town
• No new sewerage project
has been taken up in the
last 20 years
• As many as 20 projects
have been abandoned
half way
Treatment
• Effluent from sewage
treatment plants to
natural drains are not as
per the standards that
have been set up by
Gujarat Pollution Control
Board (GPCB)
• At present, the total
capacity of sewage
treatment plants is less
than the sewage
generated and to be
treated.
Operation &
Maintenance
• Poor maintenance of
existing collection
system, pumping station
and Sewage Treatment
Plants (STPs)
• The urban local bodies
do not have the technical
expertise for Operations
and maintenance of the
system
22
Liquid Waste
Achievements & opportunities
Few Other Completed Projects
Expression of interest for 125 towns to be floated to
promote private players in infrastructure development
for treatment of sewage
Construction of 56 MLD capacity
sewage pumping station at
Magob & 9 MLD
STP at
Sarthana
Surat
Activated Sludge Process based
STPs at Madhapure and Rajya
of 45 MLD and 51 MLD
respectively
Rajkot
STPs with total capacity of 95
MLDSayaji,
Kapurai
&
Ataladara
Our
Investors
Opportunity
Location
Several new STPs & sewerage networks
planned with investment of Rs 267 Cr
Vadodar
a
Combined Opportunity in 4 STPs for
200 MLD with investment of Rs. 180 Cr
Surat
Tertiary treatment plants – 60 MLD with
investment 100 Cr
Surat
STP at Gauridad of 70 MLD, Raiya of
Vadodara 56 MLD
Rajkot
Extension of Madhar STP– 45 MLD
under BOOT basis
Rajkot
PROPOSED
Dindoli,
Surat
&
PROJECTS
Construction of 66 MLD capacity
Sewage Treatment Plant at
Selected estimated Investment Opportunities in
major cities
ONGOING
COMPLETED
Large
investment
opportunities
for
Sewage Treatment Plant at Suratinfrastructure development for treatment of
sewage - Proposed investment size to the tune of
Rs. 800 Crore in Liquid Waste Management in
municipalities
23
Municipal solid waste management in Gujarat
Current Status
Municipalities
Door to Door collection
% of area covered
% of properties covered
70%
79%
Transportation
No. of equipments
159 ULBs, 53,386 PE BUCKET, 3,097 Hand carts, 3,698 tricycles,
2,906 containers, 222 lifters, 92 loaders
Manpower
12,000
O & M and Replacement None for new infrastructure over the next 3 years. However legacy
Cost
costs exist.
Vermi Compost
No of Municipalities
75 VCP completed, 70 operationalised, 20 in progress
Total Capacity
737 TPD completed, 565 operationlised, 512 in progress
Landfill Sites
No of Landfill sites
2 SLF (for 10 ULBs) in progress, 5 SLFs (for 27 ULBs)
implementation started
Total Capacity
107.30 TPD in progress, 341.50 TPD tender approved
24
Challenges in Municipal solid waste management
Growing magnitude and concern
• Estimated waste generation of 7,000 tonnes per day (TPD) by 2025
Challenges at Urban Local body level
• Usage of divergent practices of waste collection, treatment & disposal on dumping sites
• Glaring skill gap in handling municipal solid waste and financial inadequacies
Other issues
•
•
•
•
Multiple technical expertise required
Differing sizes and inter – urban local bodies distances
Nature and scale of waste generation
Sustainability of O&M
Unexplored sector for private players
25
Achievements & opportunities
Solid Waste
One of the leading states in the country in
compliance with national Municipal Solid Waste
Management Rules, 2000
• Sanitary landfill
sites being
constructed all
over the State
Some Completed Projects
Ahmedabad
3 Processing plants under PPP mode
Ahmedabad
Development of Phase 1 of Secured
Engineered Landfill at Jambhua
Vadodara
DCOM of Integrated Processing facility for
Mixed Municipal Solid Waste
Vadodara
Treatment of 400 TPD Solid waste
Surat
Collection, Treatment and disposal of bio
medical waste on BOOT basis covering 2000
hospitals and clinics
Surat
Our
Investors
Provision of Equipments
Opportunity
Location
Collection, Transportation,
Storage & Treatment of
Plastic Waste &
E-Waste
Ahmedabad
GPS, Contactless Smart Card
based vehicle monitoring for
SWM services
Ahmedabad
Combined investment size Rs
50 Cr for 400 TPD plant
Surat
PROPOSED
PROJECTS
Door/Gate to dump disposal of waste across
5 zones of the city
&
Provision of
Equipments and
Other
opportunities
like Operation &
Maintenance
present
ONGOING
COMPLETED
• 90% Door to
Door collection
coverage
Landfill site for inert
Opportunities for development of
processing units, landfill sites for
inorganic and inert waste material
and vermi composting plants to the
tune of Rs. 152 Crore across the state
26
Operational common effluent treatment plants in
India and Gujarat
Industrial Effluent
Common effluent treatment plants in
Gujarat
City
No. of
CETPs
Capacity
(in MLD)
11
30
2
8
2
62
Bharuch
1
1
Surat
5
312
Valsad
1
70
Junagadh
1
5
Rajkot
4
11
1
1
Ahmedabad
Vadodara
Ankleshwar
Additional 6 CETPs with a capacity of 210
MLD have been proposed to be set up in the
districts of Surat, Jamnagar, Rajkot,
Junagadh, Ahmedabad and Valsad state
Gandhinagar
Industries in chemicals and petrochemicals sector,
which is one of the highest polluting
sector is concentrated in South and Central Gujarat
and hence CETPs
28 in Gujarat
500 are
Total
concentrated in this region
27
Common biomedical waste treatment facilities
•13 CBWTFs are currently
operational in the state
•They cover more than 300
centres with 25 districts and
225 taluka place and about
21,000 HCUs
•Some facilities have been
awarded ISO 14001: 2004
accreditation
•Three more facilities being set
up one at Kutchchh-Bhuj and
one at Valsad and one at
Nadiad which will commission
within 6 months
•120 closed body vehicles are
traveling about 18,000 km. per
day to collect bio medical waste
in stipulated time in the entire
state
28
4R concept for Hazardous Waste Management
1792787 MTA
HW Generation
28.76 % of the Country
61.75% Land Fillable
6.06% Incinerable
32.19%Recyclable
(As per CPCB inventory 2009)
Hazardous / Non Hazardous Waste CoProcessed in different Cement Plants in
the State
Hazardous Waste Treatment
stabilisation disposable facilities
29
E waste collection
30
Air Pollution Management
16509
Air Polluting
Industries
15
categories industries
out of
17 most polluting
categories
60 %
private sector
40 %
public sector
contributes
the total power
generation.
Sources: Central Electricity Authority, GEDA, Office of Transport Commissioner, NFHS and Census 2001
Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the State
Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOC
Environmental Focus Sectors
Environmental Focus Sectors
Environmental Technologies
•Smart Production & Technological solution for waste treatment and recycling
•Green product development
•Innovative Instruments for Pollution Control
•Technology solution related to Environment Management Systems
•Waste Recycling industries
•MSW- Biomass Utilization & Energy Production
Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
•Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recovery ( 4Rs) of Waste – Innovative approach
for resource conservation
•Co-processing, waste exchange activities
•Waste Exchange Centers
•Collection and Recycling of E-waste
•Municipal Solid Waste Management- Treatment, Disposal : Composting, RDF
•MSW- Biomass Utilization and Energy Generation
Environmental Focus Sectors
Water & Waste Water Management:
Urban :
•Water treatment, distribution, etc : 24X7 water supply in urban areas
•Sewerage network establishment and Sewage Treatment
•Use of treated sewage for industrial and /or agriculture purpose
Industrial :
•Industrial Water Treatment Plants
•Waste water collection & Conveyance network
•Industrial Waste Water Treatment Plants (Individual and Common)
•Industrial Waste water recycling/ Reuse
•Clean up of contaminated sites
Air Pollution Management:
•Air Pollution Control Technologies
•Emission Monitoring & Compliance : Continuous Emission Monitoring
Stations
Environmental Focus Sectors
Service Sector
•Environmental Consultancy
•Developing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA of technologies, products and services
Sustainable Development
•Up- gradation & Modification Common Infrastructures: CETP, TSDF,
BMWTF, MSWF
•Common Infrastructures for upcoming SEZs, SIRs and Industrial estates
Clean and renewable Energy
•Clean energy sources : Solar (PV and Thermal), Wind, Tidal, etc
•Improving efficiency in energy sector (At all levels : generation, distribution
and utilization)
•Cleaner Fuel for Steam and / or Power Generation
•Agricultural Biomass Utilization and Energy Production
Innovation & Knowledge
•R & D activities on Environmental Friendly Technologies, Green Technologies,
green products-manufacturing / Green Chemistry
Thank You!