Tissues
No, not that
kind!
BODY
TISSUES!!!
4 Main Types

Epithelial

Connective

Muscle

Nervous
Epithelial Tissues
2
main types:
1. Covering and Lining- includes mucosa,
skin and serosae (moist membranes found in
closed ventral body cavities.) Ex: pleura,
pericardium, peritoneum
2. Glandular- endocrine and exocrine
Connective Tissues





Most abundant of the primary
tissues.
Most widely distributed, and
varied type.
It includes fibrous tissues, fat,
cartilage, bone, bone marrow,
and blood.
often bind other organs together,
hold organs in place, cushion
them, and fill space.
Characteristics:
 Common origin (mesenchyme)
 Varied degrees of vascularity
 Matrix- major component of
connective tissue
○ Nonliving
○ Allows connective tissue to bear
weight, withstand great tension and
endure trauma.

Types of Connective tissue
 Embryonic (mesenchyme)
 Connective tissue proper
○ Includes all mature connective tissue except bone,
cartilage and blood.
○ Loose CT: areolar, adipose and reticular
 Reticular- liver, lymph nodes, marrow and spleen
 Adipose- fat in breasts, around eyes and kidneys and
under skin.
- Provides reserve food fuel, insulates against heat
loss.
 Areaolar- packages organs, surrounds capillaries
- Cushions organs, macrophages phagocytize
bacteria, holds and transports tissue fluid

Types of Connective Tissue, Cont.
○ Dense CT
 Elastic- provides durability with stretch
- Walls of aorta, vocal cords, ligaments that
connect vertebrae, parts of trachea and
bronchi.
 Irregular- provides structural strength
- Dermis, fascia, fibrous capsules of joints,
etc.
 Regular- attaches muscles to bones and
bones to bones
- Tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses

Types of Connective Tissue, Cont.
 Blood- transport of gases, nutrients and waists;
immunity
 Cartilage
○ Hyaline cartilage: forms most of the embryonic
skeleton, covers ends of long bones, costal
cartilage of ribs, cartilage of nose trachea and
larynx.
○ Fibrocartilage: intervertebral discs, pubic
symphysis, discs of knee joint
○ Elastic cartilage: epiglottis
 Bone (osseous tissue)
○ Very vascular. Has hard, calcified matrix w/
collagen.
○ Provides support and structure, calcium
storage, and hematopoiesis.
Muscle Tissues
Highly cellular
 Well vascularized
 Responsible for body
movement

Types of Muscle Tissue:

Voluntary: (skeletal)
 Long, cylindrical cells




with many nuclei
Striated
Packaged by
connective tissue
sheets.
Attached to bone
Contract to pull on
bone or skin.

Involuntary: (cardiac
and smooth)
 Cardiac
○ found only in heart.
 Smooth
○ has no visible external
striation.
○ Spindle-shaped with one
central nucleus.
○ Found in walls of hollow
organs.
○ Propels substances
through organs by
contracting and relaxing.
Nervous Tissues


Found in brain,
spinal cord and
nerves.
2 major cell types
 Neurons- branching
or stellate cells that
generate & conduct
nerve impulses.
 Neuroglial cellsnonconducting cells
that support, insulate
and protect neurons.
Tissue Repair

Most types of repair involve both
regeneration and fibrosis.
 Regeneration- replacement of destroyed
tissue by proliferation of the same type of
cell.
 Fibrosis- proliferation of fibrous connective
tissue. (scarring)