Let’s get started . . .
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An informative speech communicates
knowledge and understanding about a process,
an event, a person or place, an object, or a
concept.
Informative speakers share what they know or
have researched to familiarize an audience with
a topic an audience wants or needs to
understand.
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Expository Speech – gives information about a
specific topic
Process speech – explains how to do something,
how to make something, or how something works
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Select a topic you are interested in and know
something about
Expository Examples:
Cliff Dwellings of the Anasazi
Cartoon images in American Pop Culture
Clothing of the 1700’s in the U.S.
Process Speech Examples:
How to use a power drill
How to make origami flowers
How to prepare healthy snacks
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Your general purpose is to inform your audience.
Your specific purpose relates to your topic and to
specific information you want to convey.
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For an expository speech, you might state your
specific purpose as “I want to explain the three
major steps in the evolution of the computer.”
For a process speech, you could state your specific
purpose as “I want to explain how to perform a
soccer-style place kick.”
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The more convincingly you can show your listeners
that you know about your topic, the more likely they
are to pay attention and to remember what you say.
To locate more information, use library information,
credible Internet sources, and interviews with
knowledgeable people.
ALWAYS CITE YOUR SOURCES!
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Your introduction should:
1. attract the audience’s attention
2. focus attention on the subject
3. gain the audience’s goodwill
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There are several ways to organize the body of
your speech:
Chronologically – details and events in the
order in which they occur in time. This
method is good for informing about histories
of topics
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In topical order, a topic is broken down into its
parts and then arranged in an order determined
by the speaker and stated in the specific
purpose like, “I want to explain the three major
types of extrasensory perception.”
I. One type is telepathy
2. A second type is clairvoyance
3. A third type is precognition
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Climatic order arranges items according to
their order of importance, usually starting with
the least important and ending with the most.
The specific purpose could be, “I want to
explain three requirements for being a good
football coach.
1. A good coach recognizes raw talent.
2. More important, a good coach understands the
mechanics of the sport.
3. Most importantly, a good coach must be able to
motivate a player to do his best.
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In cause and effect order, information is
arranged to show causes or conditions and the
effects or results of those conditions.
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Specific purpose: “I want to explain (fill in the
blank).”
This happens
So this happens
And the result is this
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Consider who you are speaking to and their
level of familiarity with the topic you are
speaking about.
Avoid using technical details and terms that are
meaningful only to an expert
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You can use a number of methods and devices
to help your audience understand and
remember the information you are presenting.
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Mnemonic Devices help the memory by
providing easy-to-remember associations.
Example: H. O. M. E. S. (to remember the names
of the five great lakes: Huron, Ontario,
Michigan, Erie, and Superior)
Audiovisual Materials are resources that a
speaker uses to save time in explanation, clarify
a point and help an audience remember
important material
Ex: charts, diagrams, photographs, graphs, maps
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Demonstrations are essential for process
speeches. This is simply demonstrating for the
audience the process that you are describing.
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Your speech must be 3 to 5 minutes in length
Be sure to ask yourself:
Have I selected & limited an appropriate topic?
Have I clearly stated a specific purpose?
Have I gathered information from a variety of
sources?
Does the topic relate to my audience?
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Is the material well organized?
Is the information new, or does it offer new
insights?
Did I use helpful devices and audiovisual
materials?
Does the introduction spark my audience’s
interest in learning more about my topic?