Answer Key_
Name: _
Matching:
Pretest Score: _____/61
Posttest Score: _____/61
Ch 10+ Pretest: Cell Growth and Division
I
1. __ __ Having the normal number of
chromosomes, 2n. 46 for humans
A. anaphase
B. autosome
2. __
replicated and paired up, this forms
C. binary fission
D. chromatid
sister chromatids move to opposite
sides of a cell
E. chromatin
F. chromosome
G. crossing over
X__ When homologous chromosomes have
A__ Stage where the centromere splits and
3. __
K__ Stage outside of cell cycle for cells that
4. __
do not divide, e.g. nerve cells.
G__ Exchange of DNA from one chromosome
5. __
H. cytokinesis
I. diploid
to its homolog, usually occurs during
prophase I of meiosis
J. DNA
K. G0 phase
L. G1 and G2 phases
are separated and nucleus reforms
M. haploid
N. homologous chromosome
daughter cells are haploid
O. interphase
P. M phase
determine gender, come in pairs
Q. meiosis
R. metaphase
contains instructions for cell functions
S. mitosis
T. prophase
genes and same shape
U. S phase
V. sex chromosome
W__ Final stage of cell division, chromosomes
6. __
Q__ Cell division where gametes form,
7. __
B__ A “regular” chromosome, does not
8. __
J__ Chemical that is the basis of all life,
9. __
N__ Pairs of chromosomes that have the same
10. __
L__ A time in the cell cycle when the cell is
11. __
functioning normally, i.e. nothing
special is happening
W. telophase
X. tetrad
D__ A single copy of a chromosome, 2 of them are joined at the centromere
12. __
together during cell division
S__ Cell division where identical cells are made, daughter cells are diploid
13. __
H__ The stage of cell division where the contents of the cytoplasm are divided
14. __
U__ The time in the cell cycle where DNA is replicated in preparation for
15. __
dividing
R__ Stage of cell division where chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
16. __
F__ A complete set of genetic material; copies itself during cell division;
17. __
humans have 46 of them, DNA is “wound up.”
T__ Stage of cell division where the nucleus breaks down, and chromosomes
18. __
become visible
C__ Process of cell division for prokaryotes
19. __
V__ X or Y chromosome, two of them together determine gender
20. __
O__ Stages in the cell cycle, not usually considered cell division. The cell is
21. __
growing and performing specialized functions
M__ Half the number of chromosomes, 23 for humans; products of meiosis
22. __
contain this number
E__ Form of DNA that is “unwound” long, thin strands.
23. __
P__ Stage in the cell cycle where the cell divides; really two separate events,
24. __
mitosis and cytokinesis
25. – 30. Draw the cell cycle with correct relative sizes of each stage. Label each stage
and include G0 and interphase.
Label each of the following stages of Meiosis and identify each as haploid or diploid.
2n = 4.
36. _Prophase I_
37. _Prophase
II _
38. _Telophase
II_
39. _
Telophase I_
diploid
haploid
haploid
haploid
haploid
diploid
haploid
diploid
40. __Anaphase
II_
41. _Anaphase I_
42. _Metaphase I_
43. _Metaphase II
Short answer:
_
44. - 47. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis by naming at least 2 similarities
and 2 differences between the two processes.
Similar:
cell divides
cytokinesis
stages same order
Stages same general events
Differences:
Haploid vs. diploid daughter cells
Homologs pair up during meiosis
Meiosis has 2 sets of division
Meiosis has 4 daughter cells
Mitosis associated with asexual
reproduction; meiosis associated with
sexual reproduction
48. – 51. Compare and contrast cell division in prokaryotes and eukaryotes by
naming at least 2 similarities and 2 differences between the two processes.
Prokaryotes: undergo binary fission
Compare: 2 daughter cells
DNA replicates
daughter cells are diploid
binary fission and mitosis associated with
asexual reproduction
Contrast: DNA is circular in prokaryotes
DNA is attached to inside of cell membrane
(not in nucleus)
Prokaryotic DNA doesn’t “line up”
No cytokinesis (no organelles)
52. – 57. DNA takes many forms during the cell cycle. Explain/describe these forms
and give an example of when in the cell cycle they can be found.
Chromatin:
DNA is long, thin strands. Interphase
DNA is “wound” into short stubby pieces.
1 single copy is called a chromatid. Anaphase,
telophase
Chromatid:
DNA is “wound” into short stubby
pieces. 2 chromatids held together by a
centromere is a chromosome (prophase,
metaphase) as well as 1 chromatid by itself is a
chromosome (anaphase, telophase)
Chromosome:
58. – 61. Differentiate (tell the difference) between sexual and asexual reproduction.
Explain whether each of the following is associated with sexual or asexual
reproduction: mitosis, meiosis, binary fission.
Sexual reproduction: there is an exchange of
DNA. Meiosis prepares for sexual reproduction
by making gametes.
Asexual reproduction: there is no exchange of
DNA. Mitosis and binary fission are considered
asexual reproduction.
Original images:
http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/n100/2k4ch9meiosisnotes.html