Bio A – Cell Division
Cell Division Study Guide:
Chromosomes:
1.
DNA has two forms chromosomes and chromatin. Summarize each below including the following: a.
How are they structurally different? b.
What is the advantage/disadvantage to each form? c.
When in the cell cycle does DNA take each form?
Cell Cycle: Describe what happens in each phase of the cell cycle
Interphase:
M phase:
G
0
:
Mitosis: In your words SUMMARIZE the events of each phase in a single sentence. Focus on the KEY events, not every little detail. Do not just copy a list of information from your notes.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Name each phase of mitosis:

Bio A – Cell Division
What is cytokinesis? When does it occur?
Compare cytokinesis in plant and animals:
How do cells control when a cell divides? Provide specifics.
What happens when this control is lost?
What is the different between benign and malignant tumors?
What does metastasize mean?
Meiosis
Provide TWO reasons why we need a different mechanism of cell division to make gametes than we do for body cells:
What do the terms haploid and diploid mean? Provide examples of each type of cell.
What happens in meiosis I that makes each reproductive cell unique? Describe this process or draw a picture to show it.

Bio A – Cell Division
Fill in the chart below to compare mitosis and meiosis:
Mitosis
Type of cells
How many divisions?
Haploid or diploid at beginning?
Haploid or diploid at end?
Total number of cells at end of cytokinesis?
Are cells same or different at the end?
Meiosis
Reproduction:
Which type of reproduction produces identical offspring? ____________________
Which type of reproduction produces very different offspring?____________________
Embryology:
Human body cells have _______________ total chromosomes
_________ of them are the sex chromosomes
Having 2 X chromosomes (XX) makes you __________________________.
Having an X and a Y chromosome makes you _____________________.
The remaining 22 pairs are called ______________________.
Explain how fertilization restores the diploid number of a human cell:
What type of cell division follows fertilization?
Describe the changes that occur in a growing embryo from fertilization to the formation of the three germ layers.
Be clear to name each important step and describe what is happening to both the number and position of the cells.

Bio A – Cell Division
What do the endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm become?
How do cells with the same DNA act different?
Compare how the two types of twins are made AND describe how their DNA compares
Monozygotic (identical)
Dizygotic (fraternal)
How are stem cells unique?
What is the controversy surrounding stem cells?
What are some examples of conditions researchers hope to use stem cell therapy for?