Section 1 American Nationalism
CHAPTER 7 GROWTH AND
DIVISION
The Era of Good Feelings
 Era of Good Feelings= used to describe
Monroe’s presidency
 Referred to American nationalism following the
War of 1812
 Harmony in nat’l politics reached an all time high
 b/c Republican party had all the power
 Federalist was non-existent
 Due to how they handled the Hartford Convention
Economic Nationalism
 American leader prepared an ambitious
program to bring the nation together
 Consisted of:
1. Creating a new national bank
2. Protecting American manufacturers from foreign
competition
3. Improving transportation
Second Bank
 1st Bank=failed
 Allowed for state charted banks and private banks to
expand their lending of bank notes=money
 No presence of the national bank=↑in prices of goods
during War of 1812
 B/C of these problems Republicans introduced a
bill in 1816 to create the Second Bank of the U.S.
 John C. Calhoun introduced->Henry Clay and Daniel
Webster helped it pass
 Gave the 2nd Bank of the U.S. power to issue national
currency and control state banks
Republican Leaders in Congress
John Calhoun
Henry Clay
Tariffs and Transportation
 War of 1812-> made U.S. more dependent upon
themselves
 After the war, British goods flooded U.S. markets
 Were at such low prices endangered American
companies
 Congress responded with Tariff Act of 1816
 Created protective tariffs=wanted to tax imports to
drive up the prices
 New England shippers and Southern farmers opposed
the tariffs
 WHY?
Tariffs and Transportation
 Republicans wanted to improve the nation’s
transportation system
 1816-> John C. Calhoun sponsored a federal
improvement plan
 President Madison vetoed= stated Constitution
didn’t allow for money to be spent on improving
transportation
 Road and canal construction began anyway
 Funded by private businesses and local gov’ts
President Madison
Judicial Nationalism
 Chief Justice of U.S. John Marshall helped unify
the nation
 Marshall ruled in 3 cases that established the
dominance of the national gov’t over the states’ gov’t




Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee
McCulloch v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
Read about these court cases on pg. 242 and
243.
 Copy Chart at bottom of pg. 242.
Chief Justice John Marshall
Nationalist Diplomacy
 Under President Monroe, the U.S. felt proud and
confident-> led to expansion of U.S. borders
 Jackson Invades Florida
 Florida presented two major problems:
1. Runaway slaves fled there (upset Southerners)
2. Creek Indians retreated there (called themselves
Seminoles)


Attacked Americans in Georgia
John C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, sent Andrew
Jackson to take action against Seminoles

Captured Spanish settlements of St. Marks and
Pensacola

Removed Spanish governor of Florida from power
Jackson Invades Florida
Jackson Invades Florida
Nationalist Diplomacy
 Spain wanted Jackson punished->President Monroe
agreed
 Secretary of State John Quincy Adams defended
Jackson
 Blamed Spain for not keeping order in Florida
 Spain gave all of Florida to the U.S.->Adams-Onis Treaty
(1819)
 Finalized western border of Louisiana Purchase
 Monroe Doctrine
 By 1824, Spain colonies had declared their
independence
 Only Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Santo Domingo remained
Nationalist Diplomacy
 Quadruple Alliance=Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and
Russia (France joined later)->created to save monarchies of
Europe
 Wanted to help Spain gain control of its colonies (minus G.B.)
in 1822
 G.B. and the U.S. wanted the Latin American countries
maintain their independence
 Russia was also a concern->controlled Alaska and part of
Oregon Territory
 President Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine-> issued in
1823
 Stated that American continents were not to colonized by
European nations
 Wanted to keep Europeans out of Latin America
 Kept U.S. from getting involved in European power struggles
Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine