The Skeleton
The Head
• Cranium – Also known as the
skull. Protects the brain.
• Mandible – Jaw bone, holds the
teeth in place. Works with the
upper mouth bone called the
maxilla (mustache bone)
Vertebrae
• Four Sections – Cervical, Thoracic,
Lumber, Sacrum and Coccyx
• The vertebrae consists of 24 individual
bones followed by 5 fused bones of the
sacrum and 4 fused bones of the coccyx
Sternum and Ribs
•
Sternum - "chest" or breastbone is a long, flat bone located in
the center of the thoracic (chest). It connects to the rib bones
via cartilage, forming the rib cage with them, and thus helps to
protect the lungs, heart and major blood vessels from physical
trauma.
•
Rib cage- Human ribcage consists of 24 ribs, 12 on each side,
the sternum and the 12 thoracic vertebrae and floating ribs.
Clavicle and Arms
• Clavicle – also known as the collar bone is
classified as a long bone that makes up part
of the shoulder girdle.
Arms
Arm – is also known as the humerus; upper arm
Forearm - bones are the radius and ulna; lower arm.
Radius is RAD and connects to your thumb
Hands
• The hand - consists of the carpals, metacarpals,
and phalanges
• There are 8 carpal bones
• There are 5 Metacarpal bones
• There are 15 phalange bones
• They are identified by distal, middle and
proximal. The thumb only has distal and proximal
phalange bones
Hips
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Hip Bone - is a large, flattened, irregularly
shaped bone. It consists of three parts, the
ilium, ischium, and pubis
It is one of the few ball and socket synovial
joints in the body.
It meets its fellow on the opposite side in the
middle line in front, and together they form
the sides and anterior wall of the pelvic
cavity.
The pelvic cavity also contains the sacrum
and coccyx
Legs
• The anatomy of the leg is similar to the arm. The 4
bones of the leg are the femur, the tibia, the fibula and
the patella.
• The femur - is the upper leg bone which helps form
the hip joint by articulating (fit together) with the
pelvis. It is the largest ball and socket joint in the body.
• The tibia - in the lower leg, supports most of the
body's weight
• The fibula - provides support for the ankle and space
for muscle attachments.
• The patella - is the kneecap.
Feet
• The foot - consists of tarsal, metatarsals and
phalange bones
• There are seven tarsal bones, each one has its own
name. Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, Medial Cuneiform,
Intermediate Cuneiform, Lateral Cuneiform, and the
Cuboid.
• The Talus (ankle) - articulates with Tibia and
Fibula. Together with the Calcaneus (Heel bone), they
carry most of the body’s weight.