Name: ______________________________
Section 2-3: Biomolecules Review
Test Date _____________________
PART 1: CARBON
1. A. Carbon atomic number is 6. Draw either a Bohr model, structural diagram or do the electron
configuration for Carbon.
B. Carbon has ____ outer electrons, which means that it can form up to ____ bonds
2. Carbon, when bonding with Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, or Sulfur, would form
_________________ bonds (ionic or covalent)
3. To be considered an organic compound, the compound must contain the elements ____ & _____ and be
_____________(covalently or ionically) bonded.
PART 2: Building Molecules
1. The prefix “mono” means _________, the prefix “di” means ________, and “poly” means ________
2. ________________________________ is the process that joins up monomers with the removal of
water to form polymers
a. What is removed from the two monomers before they can bond? _______________
b. Why is the name “dehydration synthesis” appropriate? _______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
c. Starting with the picture of two monomers below, show what dehydration synthesis would look
like
d. The protein hemoglobin contains 142 amino acids linked together. How many water molecules
would be removed to join together the protein? ________
3. _____________________ is the process that breaks up polymers to form monomers
a. What is added across a bond that can cause a polymer to split? ________________
b. Why is the name “hydrolysis” appropriate? _________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c. Starting with the picture of the dimer below, show what hydrolysis would look like
d. The enzyme sucrose contains 1827 amino acids. If this enzyme needed to be broken down into
all of its amino acids, how many water molecules would be needed? _________
PART 3: BIOMOLECUCULES
Carbohydrates
1. What elements make up a carbohydrate? _____________________________
2. What is the H:O ratio found in all carbohydrates? ___________________
3. We call…
a. Carbohydrate monomers _________________
b. Carbohydrate dimers _____________________
c. Carbohydrate polymers ____________________
4. Two monosaccharides (like glucose and fructose) can become a disaccharide through the process of
___________________________________________________________
5. Maltose (the disaccharide you made in lab) can be split into two glucose monosaccharides through the
process of _____________________________________________
6. Circle which of the following structures below represents a carbohydrate
7. What is the main function of a carbohydrate? _____________________
8. What are the two general examples of carbohydrates? ______________________________________
Lipids
1. What elements make up a lipid? __________________________________________
2. Which element is found the most in lipids? _______Then? _________ The least? _________
3. What is the H:O ratio in lipids? ____: ______
4. What are the two different monomers of lipids called
a. ____________________________
b. _____________________________
5. Circle which of the following structures below represents a lipid
6. If glycerol were to join with three fatty acids to form a triglyceride, what process would join these
monomers together? __________________________________
a. If dehydration synthesis were performed with three monomers, how many water molecules
would need to be removed? __________
7. What is the primary function of lipids? _________________________
8. What are other uses of lipids? ______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
9. What are the general examples of lipids? _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Proteins
1. What elements make up a protein? _____________________________________________________
2. What do we call….
a. The monomer of a protein? __________________________
b. 2 protein monomers joined together? ___________________________
3. What two parts do all amino acids have in common?
a. __________________________
b. __________________________
4. What part is different in all amino acids? ___________________________
5. Label the amino group and the carboxyl (acid) group below. The R group is already labeled
6. Two amino acids would join to form a dipeptide through what process? _________________________
7. To “undo” what was formed in #6, what process would I use? ___________________ What molecule
would I need to add? ____________________
8. What are functions of proteins? ________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Nucleic acids
1. What elements make up nucleic acids? __________________________________________________
2. The monomers of nucleic acids are called ________________________________
3. Circle the nucleic acid below
4. What are the two major types of nucleic acids? __________________________________________
Summary of the 4 Biomolecule Groups
Biomolecule
Group
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Monomer
Polymer
Example
Function