Food traceability,
quality and safety
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2014
Learning objectives
•
To review, recognise and apply
research into consumer insight
and confidence with food.
•
To understand the drivers for
consumers in relation to food
production, processing and
purchasing.
•
To understand the importance
of food traceability, safety and
quality.
•
To explore and understand the
principles behind three different
food assurance schemes for
British milk production.
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Welcome
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Main menu (home)
Click on the section you wish to explore.
Questions are also available for each section.
Section 1: Consumer insight and
confidence with food
Questions
Section 2: Traceability, safety and
quality
Questions
Section 3: Case studies – food
assurance schemes
Questions
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End
Section 1: Consumer insight and confidence with food
Click on the section you wish to explore.
Introduction
Confidence in our food?
Consumer concerns
about food issues
Top priority: food safety
Factors influence product
choice
Top 5 factors
Consumer confidence
Food provenance
Helping the consumer
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Section 1: Consumer insight and confidence with food
The way in which our food is produced and processed,
as well as how this is communicated and perceived,
ultimately determines consumer’s confidence, trust
and understanding of farming practices and/or
specific food groups and ingredients.
Food safety, contamination or animal disease can
drastically affect consumer confidence and ultimately
the foods they purchase immediately and in the longer
term. Not only could this have an impact on farmers,
processors and retailers, it could lead to some
consumers having less varied and unbalanced diets.
It is therefore of paramount importance that food is
grown, reared, caught and processed to the highest
standards and that this is communicated effectively to
consumers. This helps to build trust.
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Confidence in our food?
Recent research from Mintel (2013)
looking at attitudes towards trust in food
showed:
• 49% trust the food industry to provide
safe food to eat, with 37%
undecided;
• 42% believed that the food industry is
able to react to food scares;
• 23% agree that the different elements
of the food chain work effectively
together;
• 36% feel that food manufactures are
aware of where their ingredients
originate (34% disagree);
• 37% disagree that supermarkets are
aware of where their ingredients
originate.
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Trust the label?
The findings also illustrate how labelling
concerns echo consumer confidence:
• 40% of adults trust supermarkets and
food manufacturers to provide
accurate labelling on food
packaging;
• 45% of men are considerably more
likely than women (36%) to be
positive about the accuracy of onpack information. This is in line with
men being the more likely to agree
that the food industry provides food
that is safe (men 53% vs women
46%) and also that supermarkets are
aware of the origin of their
ingredients (men 35% vs women
29%).
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Top priority: food safety
Of all the aspects of the food chain people
think the government should be accountable
for, food safety takes top spot.
Nearly two fifths (38%) of adults consider it the
government’s responsibility to ensure that
food is safe to eat, which is higher than
responsibilities regarding sustainability (29%),
health (10%) and promoting sourcing of food
from the UK (14%).
In terms of food safety, the British public
consider the government (38%) and food
manufacturers (39%) to have around the
same level of responsibility in providing food
that is safe to eat.
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Top five factors
The research found that the top five
factors which would encourage
consumer trust in food were:
•
•
•
•
•
British ingredients - 48%
Manufacturing details on food
labelling (where and when made)
- 47%
Animal welfare certificate - 45%
Product origin on the pack - 43%
No artificial ingredients - 43%.
Source:
http://www.mintel.com/
press-centre/food-anddrink/food-safety-afterhorse-meat-scandal
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Shoppers want more provenance information
Supporting the theme of greater consumer
confidence in food, the IGD Shopper tracker
survey shows that shoppers want to know more
about where their food originates.
The survey showed:
• 82% of shoppers regard how, and 73%
where, groceries are produced as
important;
• 41% of shoppers want to know more about
the provenance of their groceries;
• 78% are interested in knowing more about
fresh foods such as meat, poultry, fruit,
vegetables, dairy, eggs and fish;
• 41% of shoppers want provenance
information available on-shelf, and 39% want
it on-pack;
• 31% of those wanting more provenance
information would like website links on
product packaging.
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Percentage of people concerned about certain food
issues (2011-2012)
This chart shows public attitudes to different food
concerns. The price of food is the highest, followed by
concerns over the amount of salt in food, food waste,
fat and saturated fat.
Issues relating to food
production and safety
are generally lower than
nutritional
considerations.
However, the issue of
where food is from, how
it is processed and
packaged are still of
major interest and
determinants of
acceptability and
purchase.
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Factors influencing consumers product choice
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Factors influencing consumers product choice
The chart on the previous page shows:
• price is increasingly important in driving product
choice, with 41% of shoppers naming it as the
most important factor and 90% listing it within
their top five influences;
• promotions are highly influential with 70% listing it
in the top 5 factors;
• less importance is placed on healthy options,
with only 8% of shoppers naming it as the most
important influence and only 47% listing it within
the top five;
• more shoppers placed familiarity and
taste/smell within their top five factors than
healthy options;
• brand names still have a sway in many purchase
decisions, with 33% of shoppers naming in their
top 5 influences and 2% as the most important;
• ethically produced products were considered
least important with 16% of shoppers naming it in
their top 5 influences.
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http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics
/foodfarm/food/pocketstats
Consumer confidence
Recent research by Which?, highlighted
that consumers believed there was a
need for clearer information about the
types of food choices they should be
making.
Six in 10 people (61%) wanted more
information on the quality of ingredients
used, a similar percentage (58%) on food
safety standards and more than half
(53%) on where the food was produced.
Two-thirds of people (65%) said food
prices have become more important in
the current economic climate, followed
by quality (35%) and taste (32%). Previous
Which? research found that with
household budgets under increasing
pressure, people are changing their
shopping habits, eating out less and
looking for special offers.
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Source: Future of food report,
2013 Which?
The Which? survey also found that there
are several areas where people feel
that they need more information.
Areas where people think they need
more information:
• The quality of ingredients used - 61%
• Food safety standards - 58%
• Where the food is produced - 53%
• Nutritional content - 51%
• The method used to produce the
food - 50%
• Animal welfare standards - 50%
• The environmental impact of food 38%
Further reading
http://press.which.co.uk/whichpressr
eleases/call-for-more-action-torestore-confidence-in-food/
April 2013
The report:
http://press.which.co.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2013/04/Future-ofFood-Report-2013_Final.pdf
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Helping the consumer
To help inform consumers more
about their food, a number of food
assurance, environmental and
ethical labelling schemes are now in
operation. Some are industry wide,
while some my operate by specific
retailers.
Source: Future of food report,
2013 Which?
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Section 2: Traceability, safety and quality
Click on the section you wish to explore.
Traceability
Food safety
Food assurance
Extension: Food safety and
consumer protection
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What is traceability?
Traceability is about understanding where a food has
been produced and processed through its food chain.
For example, this could be where a piece of fruit
originates or the location of the dairy farm for a carton of
milk.
Traceability is about knowing the stages of production
and being able to trace back through the chain.
The consumer is the final link of the food chain, which
started at the farm or producer.
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When traceability is fully available, this
helps to build trust between the retailer
and the consumer. However, this trust
can be difficult to build due to the
complex and industrialised nature of our
food system.
Consumers need to build trust in the
procedures and processes behind the
traceability, linking together the
production of food safety and quality.
In addition, there may be other criteria in
which the consumer has an interest,
such as ensuring the food is organic,
vegetarian, specific allergen free, Kosher
or Halal. Food traceability standards are
employed here to ensure that
consumers can have confidence in the
food they purchase.
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Food safety
The Food Standards Agency is
responsible for improving food
safety right through the food chain
in the UK.
This includes improving hygiene on
the farm and ensuring that human
health is not put at undue risk
through what is fed to animals.
Source:
http://www.food.gov.uk/businessindustry/farmingfood/#.UgTPis0dqeY
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The production, processing, distribution,
retail, packaging and labelling of food is
governed by a number of laws, regulations,
codes of practice and guidance. These
include:
• The Food Safety Act 1990 (as amended)
- the framework for all food legislation in
Great Britain;
• The General Food Law Regulation (EC)
178/2002 - EC legislation on general food
safety.
• The General Food Regulations 2004 (as
amended) provides for the enforcement
of certain provisions of Regulation (EC)
178/2002 (including imposing penalties)
and amends the Food Safety Act 1990 to
bring it in line with Regulation (EC)
178/2002. Similar legislation applies in
Northern Ireland.
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For more information on
general food law, click here.
http://www.food.gov.uk/enfor
cement/regulation/foodlaw/#
.UgTQXM0dqeY
Food assurance
Food law does not necessarily
cover all aspects of the food chain
from farm to fork. Therefore food
assurance schemes have been
developed to give retailers
assurance at the farm level and in
other ancillary parts of the supply
chain.
This development has been given
official encouragement because it
has the potential to complement
regulatory activities.
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Extension information
Main food safety and consumer protection offences
created by the Food Safety Act 1990
Section 7: rendering food injurious to health by:
• adding an article or substance to the food
• using an article or substance as an ingredient in
the preparation of the food
• abstracting any constituent from the food
• subjecting the food to any process or treatment
with the intention that it shall be sold for human
consumption.
Section 14: selling to the purchaser’s prejudice any
food which is not of the nature or substance or
quality demanded by the purchaser.
Section 15: falsely describing or presenting food.
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Under section 20, if the commission of an offence
is due to the act or default of another person,
the other person is guilty of the offence.
Under section 21 in proceedings for an offence
under the provisions of Part 2 of the Act (which
includes the offences listed above), it is a
defence for a food business operator to prove
that he took all reasonable precautions and
exercised due diligence to avoid the commission
of the offence.
Main provisions of the General Food Law
Regulation (EC) 178/2002 that apply to food
business operators
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Imports: Article 11 states that food
imported into the European Union (EU)
for placing on the market shall comply
with the requirements of food law
recognised by the EU, or if there is a
specific agreement between the EU
and the exporting country, those
requirements.
Safety: Article 14 states that food shall
not be placed on the market if it is
unsafe. Food is deemed to be unsafe if
it is considered to be: injurious to health
unfit for human consumption.
The article also indicates what factors
need to be taken into account when
determining whether food is injurious to
health or unfit.
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Presentation: Article 16 states that
labelling, advertising and presentation,
including the setting in which the food is
displayed, of food shall not mislead
consumers.
Traceability: Article 18 requires food
business operators to keep records of
food, food substances and foodproducing animals supplied to their
business, and also other businesses to
which their products have been
supplied. In each case, the information
shall be made available to competent
authorities on demand.
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Withdrawal, recall and notification: Article
19 requires food business operators to
withdraw food which is not in compliance
with food safety requirements, if it has left
their control and to recall the food if has
reached the consumer.
Withdrawal is when a food is removed
from the market up to and including
when it is sold to the consumer, recall is
when customers are asked to return or
destroy the product.
Food businesses must also notify the
competent authorities (their local
authority and the Food Standards
Agency). Retailers and distributors must
help with the withdrawal of unsafe food
and pass on information necessary to
trace it.
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Section 3: Case studies
Food assurance schemes are run as product
certification schemes. These schemes use regular
independent inspections to check that members are
meeting specific standards.
They often use logos on consumer products to
indicate they have fulfilled all the requirements. The
leading food assurance schemes aim to define the
standards that most producers in the sector should
meet. Over time, these schemes intend to raise
standards to improve the overall standard of the
entire sector.
Case study 1: Red Tractor
Case study 2: The LEAF Marque
Case study 3: Independent scheme
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Case study 1: Red Tractor
Assured Food Standards (AFS) was established in
2000 and was set up to help harmonise the
approach to standard setting and inspection
throughout the supply chain and to give the
public a mark of quality, safe, affordable food that
they could recognise and trust. Red Tractor is the
public facing mark of the scheme.
The scheme promotes recognition of professionally
produced assured food and boosts the reputation
of food production in the UK.
This is achieved through establishing the
benchmark for production standards and then
carrying out regular inspections to ensure that
producers, processors and other operators
continually meet those standards. These include
food safety, animal welfare, the environment and
traceability.
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The Red Tractor can only be used on food
that has been produced, packed, stored
and transported to Red Tractor standards.
The standards in all farming sectors (such as
chicken, dairy or vegetables) have been
agreed by a panel of experts to ensure that
the food is safe and that the animals are well
treated.
All of the Red Tractor assurance schemes
operate to the international standard ISO
Guide 65, which is the European Standard
EN45011.
This guarantees that the independent
inspectors are properly trained and
sufficiently experienced. In all there are over
450 inspectors working on the Red Tractor
scheme and they conduct over 60,000
inspections a year.
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The Red Tractor logo covers many
food groups, which have all been
grown, processed and packed in
Britain.
This is shown by the Union Jack flag.
The Red Tractor logo tells the
consumer that the food has been
checked every step of the way from farm to pack - and can be
traced back to the farm source.
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Key aspects
Assurance: no weak links in the chain,
scheme covers animal feeds, farms,
livestock transportation, slaughter process,
production methods, compositional
standards for items like sausages, burgers.
Food safety: Everyone involved – from
farmer to caterer – are experts in their field,
trained to handle food safely and
responsibly.
Animal welfare: Ensures animals have
everything they need for a good quality of
life and are treated with compassion by
farmers who know what they are doing.
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Key aspects
Environment: Makes sure farmers
protect the countryside by
preventing pollution of watercourses,
soil, air and wildlife habitats.
Traceability: Every part of the food
supply chain is inspected to ensure
food carrying the logo is accounted
for and can be traced back to UK
farms.
Farmers keep traceability records.
Farmers do not spread manure on
their fields close to rivers or on land
used for grazing to prevent spread of
disease.
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Key aspects
Animal welfare: The standards require that
animals are: handled with care and
compassion and checked regularly; they are
given medicine promptly after advice from a
vet; are fed on safe assured feeds and
transported in assured trailers to minimise
stress and risk of hurting the animals; are kept
in clean and safe housing with animals of a
similar size/age and have access to fresh,
clean water at all times
Country of origin: By law, most food must be
labeled with its country of origin on the label
although this is not always easy to find. The
Red Tractor logo includes a statement of
origin in the flag device and when you see
the Union Jack you can be sure the food has
come from UK farms.
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Red Tractor Milk
The Red Tractor Farm Assurance Dairy scheme
sets out to maintain, develop and promote
Assurance standards within the dairy industry.
The aim is to provide consumers and retailers
with confidence about product quality
attributes of the milk leaving the farm premises,
including food safety, animal welfare and
environmental protection.
Red Tractor Farm Assured British milk is
produced on farms that are managed by wellqualified and caring stockmen.
Certification to Red Tractor Farm Assurance
Dairy standards allows producers to
demonstrate that their standards of husbandry
and welfare meet nationally agreed levels of
best agricultural practice.
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Assurance in the dairy sector is
achieved with a comprehensive set of
standards to ensure that on assured
dairy farms, the milk is produced and
stored in a safe and hygienic manner,
the cattle’s welfare needs are not
compromised, the animals are
identifiable and traceable and the
environment is not adversely
impacted upon by dairy farming
activities.
For further information, click here.
http://assurance.redtractor.org.uk
/rtassurance/schemes/resources/
Records/dairy.eb
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Case study 2: The LEAF Marque
LEAF (Linking Environment and Farming) was set up
in 1991 as a result of concern for the future of
farming. LEAF promotes environmentally
responsible farming, supporting farmers to
produce good food, with care and to high
environmental standards.
LEAF is an independent charity dedicated to
raising the integrity of British food and it advises
farmers and growers on how they can meet the
strict standards enabling them to display the LEAF
marque on their products.
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The LEAF marque on foods is a
guarantee to consumers that the
producer operates their business and
production techniques in an
environmentally responsible way.
LEAF Marque is a globally recognised,
independently certified standard
system, developed by LEAF. It is based
on LEAF’s Integrated Farm
Management principles of sustainable
farming.
LEAF’s Integrated Farm Management
(IFM) approach combines aspects of
traditional farming methods with
modern technology, allowing farmers
to manage their farms in an informed,
professional and caring way. IFM
encourages farmers to maintain the
highest standards of food production
with the minimum environmental
impact.
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Products carrying the LEAF Marque have
been produced by farmers who are
committed to continually improving
agriculture and the environment for the
mutual benefit of farmers, consumers,
wildlife and the countryside.
In the UK, there are currently 487 growers
farming 223,141 hectares certified to the
LEAF Marque standard.
Farmers undergo an inspection of the
whole farm against the LEAF Marque
Standard to confirm that products have
been produced in an environmentally
responsible way.
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The LEAF initiative encourages farmers
to do more to protect and enhance the
countryside by adhering to a series of
integrated farm management principles
including:
• efficient soil management and
appropriate cultivation techniques;
• the use of crop rotation;
• careful choice of seed varieties;
• a commitment to animal welfare
and wildlife habitats;
• recycling on-farm waste and
conserving energy;
• improving water efficiency and
quality;
• using pesticides and fertilisers only
when absolutely necessary;
• maintenance of the landscape and
rural communities.
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To find out more about the
LEAF Marque, follow this link:
http://www.leafuk.org/leaf/
farmers/LEAFmarquecertific
ation/standard.eb
Aims of the LEAF Marque
The aims of the LEAF Marque are to:
• develop and promote Integrated Farm
Management (IFM) to farmers as a system of
farming that is realistic and achievable, and
has a positive effect on farming and the
environment. IFM is a cropping and livestock
production strategy in which the farmer seeks
to conserve and enhance the environment
while economically producing safe,
wholesome food. Its long term aim is to
optimise the needs of consumers, society, the
environment and the farmer;
• promote the benefits of IFM to consumers and
raise awareness of the way many farmers are
responding to current concerns about the
environment;
• encourage the production of wholesome,
affordable food, grown with care for the
environment by farmers who value their role
as custodians of the countryside.
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LEAF Marque is a standards system that
delivers sustainable food and farming
through the adoption of LEAF’s Integrated
Farm Management and enables the
consumer to buy sustainable food by
choosing the LEAF Marque label.
Produce identified with a LEAF Marque logo
indicates it has been through an assurance
scheme that means it has been produced
by farmers while caring for the environment.
The LEAF Marque Standard is an industry
recognised global standard that is currently
available in 4 languages: Spanish, French,
Italian and English. It is a higher level
environmental standard and it is a
requirement that the producer is a certified
full member of an appropriate assurance
scheme for each enterprise on the farm.
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LEAF Marque - Cheese
Following the standards set our through
the integrated farm management system,
there are many dairy farmers have
obtained the LEAF Marque.
Several display this on the cheese they
manufacture from the milk they produce.
Some dairy farmers believe that the
Marque gives their product a unique
selling point, providing consumers
reassurance the provenance, as well as
environmental care.
The scheme ensures that the produce
from LEAF Marque farmers has been
farmed with care for the future of our
environment, wildlife, countryside, food
and animals.
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Quote from farmer:
One of the spin offs of doing the LEAF
Audit was that it reinforced our policy of
buying feed locally – we buy field beans
and wheat from neighbours. By using
field beans and vastly reducing our
reliance on imported soya, we have
helped the local economy, reduced our
carbon footprint and maintained
efficiency. We also believe that we
produce better cheese from milk
produced from cows fed on field beans.
LEAF Tracks adds a number to the LEAF
Marque logo that enables consumers to
find out who produced their LEAF
Marque certified products, and whether
the farm can be visited.
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Case study 3: Independent
Some retailers operate their
own assurance schemes. For
example, research
conducted by Sainsbury’s on
its own customers suggested
that they believed that too
many logos were confusing
so has phased out the use of
the Red Tractor logo on
pack.
However, Red Tractor
standards are being used as
part of their wider sourcing
standards.
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The supermarket has its own Dairy
Development Group, which was first
introduced in 2007. The aim is to set a fair
price for the milk, including a bonus for
high animal welfare levels and improving
their carbon footprint. The Group
comprises 315 dairy farms throughout
England, Scotland and Wales.
Their milk supply chain allows them to
know every farm and farmer they source
from, meet their environmental
commitments, and continuously improve
animal welfare while maintaining a
commercially viable, high quality product.
All milk carries their A taste of Britain logo,
indicating that it is sourced from Britain.
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Dairy Development Group
The work of the Dairy Development Group
includes environmental considerations,
such as carbon footprint measurements.
The carbon footprint project involved an
independent environmental consultant
auditing each dairy farm. The audits
looked at every aspect of the farm and
measured inputs such as electricity,
feedstuffs, machinery and fuel use.
From each audit a carbon footprint report
was produced for individual farms, along
with an environmental scorecard. The
scorecard identifies areas for improvement
and a detailed greenhouse gas emissions
reduction programme. Each farmer is then
given guidance on how to implement
these.
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Some of the reductions in energy and
emissions have come from simple
measures, such as harvesting
rainwater for re-use. Other farmers
achieved higher yields per cow by
using feed more efficiently, or
managing their fertiliser and manure
applications differently.
The project found that some of the
highest yielding farms are not the most
carbon intensive.
Through the scheme they have
demonstrated how more efficient
farms can be better for the
environment as well as being more
successful businesses.
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Section 1 Questions:
Consumer insight and confidence with food
Start
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Question 1
Which aspect of the food chain did most people think
the government should be accountable for?
Health
Sustainability
Promoting sourcing of food
from the UK
Ensuring food is safe to eat
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Question 1
Correct. Well done.
Next question.
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Question 1
Incorrect.
Try again.
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Next question.
Question 2
What was listed as the top factor which would
encourage consumer trust in food?
Animal welfare certificate
Product origin on the pack
British ingredients
No artificial ingredients
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Question 2
Correct. Well done.
Next question.
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Question 2
Incorrect.
Try again.
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Next question.
Question 3
What does research show as being the most important
factor influencing consumers product choice?
Promotions
Price
Quality or performance
Taste or smell
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Question 3
Correct. Well done.
Next question.
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Question 3
Incorrect.
Try again.
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Next question.
Question 4
What does research show as being the least important
factor influencing consumer product choice?
Use by or sell by date
Brand
Healthy option
Ethically produced or eco
friendly
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Question 4
Correct. Well done.
Next question.
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Question 4
Incorrect.
Try again.
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Next question.
Question 5
What environmental and ethical labelling schemes
are people most aware of?
Fair-trade
Organic
Red Tractor
Freedom Food
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Question 5
Correct. Well done.
Next section.
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Question 5
Incorrect.
Try again.
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Home
Section 2 Questions:
Traceability, safety and quality
Start
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Question 1
Who is responsible for improving food safety right
through the food chain in the UK?
Supermarkets
Manufacturers
Food Standards Agency
Farmers
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Question 1
Correct. Well done.
Next question.
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Question 1
Incorrect.
Try again.
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Next question.
Question 2
Which of the following is the framework for all food
legislation in Great Britain?
The General Food Law
Regulation (EC) 178/2002
The General Food
Regulations (2004)
Food Hygiene Regulations
(2006)
The Food Safety Act (1990)
as amended
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Question 2
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Next question.
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Question 2
Incorrect.
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Next question.
Question 3
Which of the following is NOT an offence under food
law and regulations?
Falsely describing or
presenting food
Labelling, advertising and
presentation of food which is
misleading
Being a member of a food
assurance scheme
Placing a food which is
unsafe on the market
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Question 3
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Next question.
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Question 3
Incorrect.
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Next question.
Question 4
Who must food businesses notify if withdrawal or recall
of a food product is required?
The media
The European Commission
The Food Standards Agency
The Food Standards Agency
and their Local Authority
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Question 4
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Next question.
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Question 4
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Next question.
Question 5
Which of the following does not describe traceability?
Traceability is understanding
where a food has been
produced and processed
through its food chain.
Traceability could describe
where a piece of fruit
originates or the location of
the dairy farm for a carton
of milk.
Traceability is knowing the
stages of production and
being able to trace back
through the chain.
Product certification
schemes that use regular
independent inspections to
check that members are
meeting specific standards.
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Question 5
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Next section.
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Home
Section 3 Questions:
Case studies – food assurance schemes
Start
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Question 1
What food assurance scheme does this logo represent?
Fairtrade
The LEAF Marque
Red Tractor
Sainsbury’s Dairy
Development Group
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Question 1
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Next question.
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Question 1
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Next question.
Question 2
Which of the following is not part of The LEAF Marque
Integrated Food Management Scheme.
Organic farming
Animal husbandry
Crop health and protection
Water management
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Question 2
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Next question.
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Question 2
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Next question.
Question 3
Which scheme carries the ‘A taste of Britain’ logo?
Red Tractor
Sainsbury’s Dairy
Development Group
Freedom Food
The LEAF Marque
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Question 3
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Next question.
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Question 3
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Next question.
Question 4
What language is The LEAF Marque Standard not
available in?
English
Italian
Spanish
German
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Question 4
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Next question.
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Question 4
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Next question.
Question 5
How many inspectors work on the Red Tractor
scheme?
250
350
450
550
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Question 5
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End questions.
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Question 5
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End questions.
For further information, go to:
www.foodafactoflife.org.uk
This resource has been developed by the British
Nutrition Foundation and has been supported by the
Agriculture Horticulture Development Board (AHDB)
milk sector organisation – DairyCo.
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British Nutrition Foundation
Imperial House
15-19 Kingsway
London WC2B 6UN
Telephone: 020 7557 7930
Email: postbox@nutrition.org.uk
Web: www.nutrition.org.uk www.foodafactoflife.org.uk
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