Biology Bio-Molecules Exam Study Guide
This review does not contain the questions on the test. This review contains the information you should understand in order to apply your
knowledge to the up-coming test questions. This knowledge should have been obtained from the activities, labs, lessons, and formative
assessments from this unit of study. If you are having trouble understanding any of this information, it is your responsibility to attend tutorials
from one of the Biology teachers before your summative exam.
1. Explain the pH scale below.
(Also label on the pH scale where you would find ‘very acidic’, ‘very basic/alkaline’, and ‘neutral’)
2. What is the difference between an acid and a base?
3. Draw and label a single water molecule. Why is water considered ‘polar’?
4. For each Bio-molecule below, give the monomer/subunit:
-carbohydrates:
-proteins:
-lipids:
-nucleic acids:
5. What are three commonalities between all 4 of the Biomolecules?
6. Name the Bio-Molecule associated with each item below:
-hydrophobic (repels water):
-made entirely of sugar molecules:
-contains a phosphate group:
-polypeptide:
7. You will be expected to recognize a visual of each Bio-Molecule. For each of the molecule pictures below, label the type
of Bio-Molecule AND explain WHY it belongs to that particular type of Bio-Molecule group.
A.
B.
C.
D.
8. Explain the difference between the two chemical reactions below and the parts (reactants/products):
9. Using the picture to the right, explain how an enzyme works.
(Define ‘substrate’ and ‘active site’ in this explanation.)
10. What makes the different enzymes in living things ‘molecule specific’?
11. What are the five main functions of proteins? Give an example of each.
12. What are the 3 components of a nucleotide?
13. What element do nucleic acids and proteins contain that carbs and lipids do not?
14. Explain how energy is released from an ATP molecule.
Science vocabulary:
-monomer:
-polymer:
-carbon skeleton:
-dehydration synthesis:
-hydrolysis
-covalent bond:
-Glycogen:
-element:
-polarity:
-peptide bond:
-triglyceride:
-cholesterol:
-starch:
-ripen/ripening:
Pre-AP
-Be familiar with the degrees of protein structure.
-Remember: chemical bonds are like Pixie Sticks- you have to break them to get the ‘good stuff’ (ATP/energy) out of them
TEKS tested:
9: The student knows the significance of various molecules involved in metabolic processes and energy conversions that occur in living organisms.
The student is expected to:
A: compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and
Nucleic acids
C: identify and investigate the role of enzymes
D: analyze and evaluate the evidence regarding formation of simple organic molecules and their organization into long
Complex molecules having information such as the DNA molecule for self-replicating life.