Greek Periods
Instructor: Erica Ness
Context:
 Historical Periods: Geometric, Orientalizing, Archaic, Early Classical, Classical, Late Classical, Hellenistic
 Geography: Modern Day Greece, Parts of Italy, parts of Turkey, and in some periods Egypt.
 Religion: Polytheistic, gods behaved like humans and were involved in lives of humans, taking sides and
defining battles.
 Politics: Polis – separate city states governed by Citizens and part of Greece; citizenship must be proven
through bloodline of mother; women, slaves, and immigrants were not citizens. Alexander the Great
played a larger role in the late Classical periods changing government style
 Wars: Winning Second Persian; Peloponnesian Wars end in 404 BCE, Rule under Alexander the Great;
Romans make Greece a colony in 80 BCE
 Philosophy: “Man is the Measure of all things”; life should mimic nature leading to a drive to replicate the
perfections of youth in form and mind. Males were generally represented, as Nudes where until later
classical periods women, when represented, were always clothed.
Works of Art:
Two Dimensional:
Achilles and Ajax Playing Board Game
Artemis and Apollo Slaying the Children of Niobe
Sculpture:
Peplos Kore
Kritios Boy
Diskoblous (Discus Thrower)
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)
Aphrodite of Knidos
Winged Nike (Victory)
Laocoön and His Sons
Architecture:
Temple of Hera I
Pediment at Temple of Aphaia
Parthenon
The Great Altar of Zeus at Pergamon
c.500 BCE
c.450 BCE
c.550 BCE
c.480 BCE
c.450 BCE
c.450 BCE
c.350 BCE
c.200 BCE
c.100 BCE
c.550 BCE
c.500 BCE
c.440 BCE
c.180 BCE
Vocabulary:
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Abacus
Academy
Acanthus
Aedicule
Agora
Amphitheater
Amphora
Archaic Smile
Architrave
Attic
Base
Black-Figure Vase
Capital
Caryatid
Cella
Cire-perdue
Colonnade
Conceptual
Contrapposto
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Corinthian
Cornice
Doric
Drum
Echinos
Engaged Column
Entasis
Entablature
Expressionism
Facade
Flutes
Frieze
Frontal
Geometric
Hydria
Idealism
Ionic
Kore
Kourous (Kouroi)
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Krater
Kylix
Lekythos
Lost Wax
Meander Pattern
Mural
Naos
Naturalism
Necking
Nike
Opithodomos
Orchestra
Oracle
Order
Orthogonals
Pedestal
Pediment
Peplos
Peripteral
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Greek Periods
Instructor: Erica Ness
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Plinth
Podium
Porch
Portico
Pronaos
Propylaeum
Pseudoperipteral
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Realism
Red-Figure Vase
Satyr
Shaft
Skene
Stylization
Stylobate
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Symmetria
Symmetrical
Tesserae
Triglyph
Trompe l’oeil
Volute
White Ground Vase
Homework:
1. Read Chapter five and Answer Questions.
2. Design your own Greek temple.
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