A. James Madison
defeats Charles
Pinckney to
become the fourth
President of the
US. He was
President
Jefferson’s
Secretary of State.
A. Since 1803, a war
between France
and Great Britain
reopens old
problems when
the two countries
start the seizure of
US merchant
ships and the
impressment of its
crew into the
British Navy.
B. The US under
C.
Jefferson tried
Embargos, which
prohibits trade
with another
country.
Unfortunately, it
hurt the US
economy and
industry and was
ineffective with
Great Britain or
France.
A. Tecumseh and
B.
The Prophet, two
brothers of the
Shawnee tribe
helped to unite a
Confederacy of
Native Americans.
Tecumseh hoped
to stop US settlers
from taking any
more of their land.
C. Tecumseh was a
D.
commanding
speaker that also
possessed
impressive political
skills.
The Native
Americans began
to renew contacts
with British agents
and fur traders in
Canada.
1. In 1811 the
Governor of the
Indiana Territory,
General William
Henry Harrison,
decided to attack
the Tecumseh’s
brother’s village
known as
Prophetstown.
2. After two hours of
3.
4.
fighting, The
Prophet’s forces fled
the area in defeat.
It was a great
patriotic victory for
the Americans.
However, it resulted
in Tecumseh allying
himself with British
troops.
A. War Hawks were
B.
young Republicans
from the South and
West elected in
1810, that
demanded a more
aggressive policy
against the British.
Two of the leaders
of the War Hawks
were Henry Clay
and John Calhoun.
C. Using patriotism and
D.
E.
nationalism, the war
hawks heightened war
fever throughout the
nation.
They hoped that war
with Britain would
bring more territorial
gains in Canada and in
Spanish Florida.
Through Congress, the
War Hawks quadrupled
the size of the US
Army.
V. War is Declared
A. For the 1st time the
B.
United States
declares war
against Great
Britain on June 18,
1812.
It would not be a
quick war as the
War Hawks
expected. It lasted
almost 3 years.
C. The battles began in
July 1812 with
American Generals
Hull and Harrison
trying to take Canada,
but would fail with
the British in control
of Lake Erie
D. Oliver Hazard Perry,
commander of the
Lake Erie Naval
Forces, was ordered
to seize control of the
lake from the British
E. The Battle of Lake
F.
G.
Erie happened on
September 10, 1813.
The bloody battle
ended in victory for
the Americans.
Perry sent this to
General Harrison:
“We have met the
enemy and they are
ours.”
VI. Victories for the US
A. By the end of 1813,
the US was winning
battles on sea and on
land.
B. In the Battle of the
Thames in October,
Tecumseh was killed
marking the eventual
defeat of the Native
American confederacy
VII. British attack Washington D.C.
A. On August 24, 1814, the
British sailed up the
Chesapeake Bay and
attacked Washington
D.C.
B. British soldiers burned
and destroyed
everything associated
with the government.
C. The Capitol and the
President’s Mansion
were among the
buildings burnt down.
VIII. The Star-Spangled Banner
A. After attacking
D.C., the British
head to Baltimore
where 13,000 US
militiamen were
awaiting them.
B. The militiamen and
the bombardment
from Fort McHenry
allowed for the US
to claim victory.
C. Francis Scott Key,
a young attorney,
was moved by the
victory and wrote a
poem that would
become our
National Anthem:
“The StarSpangled Banner.”
IX. End of the War
A. British General
Prevost led 10,000
troops from Canada
into New York.
B. Their goal was to
capture Plattsburg
along Lake Champlain
C. The British would
retreat following the
American Naval force
defeating the British
fleet in September.
D.
E.
After the Battle of
Lake Champlain, the
British decided the
war in North America
was too costly and
unnecessary.
The US and Great
Britain would sign the
Treaty of Ghent
(Belgium) in
December of 1814
marking the end of
the War of 1812.
F.
Word of the treaty
being signed was late
allowing for one final
battle in New Orleans
on January 8, 1815.
G. The Americans won
this short gruesome
battle, killing
hundreds of British
soldiers.
H. The Battle of New
Orleans made Andrew
Jackson a national
hero and it propelled
him to the Presidency
in 1828.