Chapter 2
The Human Body in
Health and Disease
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Anatomic Reference Systems
• Describe the location and functions of body
parts using:
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–
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Body planes
Body directions
Body cavities
Structural units
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Major Body Cavities
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Quadrants of the Abdomen
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Regions of the Thorax and
Abdomen
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Cytology
• The study of the formation, structure, and
function of cells, including:
– Chromosomes
– DNA
– Genetics
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Histology
• The study of tissues, which are composed
of cells that join together to perform
specific functions, including:
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–
–
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Stem Cells
Epithelial Tissues
Connective Tissues
Muscle Tissue
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Glands
• Specialized cells that secrete material used
elsewhere in the body, including:
– Exocrine Glands
– Endocrine Glands
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Organ and Body Systems
• Body parts are organized into systems
according to function.
• Examples:
– Skeletal System
– Muscular System
– Cardiovascular System
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Pathology
• The study of structural and functional
changes caused by disease.
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Animations
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Exocrine and Endocrine Glands
Click Here to play Exocrine
and Endocrine animation
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Body Planes
Click Here to play Body
Planes animation
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Answers to Learning Exercises
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Chapter 2 Answers
Matching Word Parts 1
2.1. adip/o
2.2. anter/o
2.3. aden/o
2.4. -ologist
2.5. -ology
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Matching Word Parts 2
2.6. cyt/o
2.7. cephal/o
2.8. caud/o
2.9. exo2.10. endo-
Chapter 2 Answers
Matching Word Parts 3
2.11. poster/o
2.12. -stasis
2.13. path/o
2.14. -plasia
2.15. hist/o
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Definitions
2.16. nosocomial
infection
2.17. dominant gene
2.18. abdominal cavity
2.19. medial
2.20. adult stem
Chapter 2 Answers
Definitions
2.21. phenylketonuria
2.22. adenitis
2.23. parietal peritoneum
2.24. gene
2.25. histology
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Matching Regions of the
Thorax and Abdomen
2.26. epigastric region
2.27. umbilicus region
2.28. hypochondriac
region
2.29. hypogastric region
2.30. iliac region
Chapter 2 Answers
Which Word?
2.31. inguinal
2.32. genetics
2.33. epidemiologist
2.34. exocrine glands
2.35. inferior
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Spelling Counts
2.36. mesentery
2.37. hemophilia
2.38. hypertrophy
2.39. epithelial
2.40. anomaly
Chapter 2 Answers
Matching Pathology of
Tissue Formation
2.41. dysplasia
2.42. anaplasia
2.43. hyperplasia
2.44. hypoplasia
2.45. aplasia
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Term Selection
2.46. proximal
2.47. posterior
2.48. frontal
2.49. midsagittal
2.50. distal
Chapter 2 Answers
Sentence Completion
2.51. Down syndrome
2.52. physiology
2.53. thoracic
2.54. iatrogenic
2.55. chromosomes
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Word Surgery
2.56. aden, -ectomy
2.57. endo-, -crine
2.58. hist, -ologist
2.59. retro-, periton, -eal
2.60. path, -ologist
Chapter 2 Answers
Word Surgery
2.61. eti-, -ology
2.62. home/o -stasis
2.63. pan-, dem, -ic
2.64. epi-, gastr, -ic
2.65. idi/o, path, -ic
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Clinical Conditions
2.66. epidemic
2.67. functional
2.68. bloodborne
2.69. cytology
2.70. vector-borne
Chapter 2 Answers
Clinical Conditions
2.71. quadrant
2.72. waterborne
2.73. pelvic
2.74. peritonitis
2.75. geneticist
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2.76. iliac
2.77. genome
2.78. adenocarcinoma
2.79. loose
2.80. fetal alcohol
syndrome
Chapter 2 Answers
Challenge Word
Building
2.81. myoplasty
2.82. myalgia
2.83. gastrosis
2.84. laryngitis
2.85. myectomy
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2.86. gastralgia
2.87. laryngectomy
2.88. nephrosis
2.89. neuroplasty
2.90. nephritis
Chapter 2 Answers
Labeling Exercises
2.91. hypochondriac
2.92. umbilical
2.93. hypogastric
2.94. lumbar
2.95. iliac
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2.96. midsagittal
2.97. anterior
2.98. lateral
2.99. posterior
2.100. frontal