Static Electricity
Energy

Energy: the ability to do work. Energy cannot
be created or destroyed. It can only be
transformed.
 Forms of Energy:
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
heat
light
sound
mechanical
Electrical
hydraulic
Electricity:
Is a form that energy may take.
 Static Electricity:
Where a charge remains
stationary in an object.

Law of Electric Charges:
 Like
charges repel each other
 Unlike charges attract each other (opposites attract)
 Charged objects will be attracted to neutral objects

Transfer of Charge:There are 3 ways
charge can be transferred:
 Friction
 Contact
 Induction
Charging by Friction

Charging by Friction: when electric
charges are transferred by a rubbing action
or friction.
 Transfer of electric charges as you walk
across a carpet, shows the movement of the
electrons (which have the negative charge).
Electrostatic Series

Scientists have developed a list known as
the Electrostatic series Chart to determine
the kind of electric charge produced on
each substance when any 2 substances are
rubbed together.
Electrostatic Series Chart
Glass
Human hair
Nylon
Wool
Fur
Silk
Cotton
Rubber
Polyester
Foam
Polyethylene
Ebonite
Weak
Strong
Example:
If nylon socks and cotton shirts were
dried together in a clothes dryer, which
becomes positive and which becomes
negative?
 Nylon: positive, cotton: negative
 The difference attracts each other and
causes static cling!

Insulators and conductors

Insulators: a substance in which electrons
cannot move freely from atom to atom:
 ex.

Fur, silk, wood, rubber, glass, plastic
Conductors: a substance in ehich electons
can move freely from one atom to another.
 ex.
Silver, copper, magnesium, iron.
Grounding
 Discharge
to remove any electric charges on an
object.
 Can be done by connecting these objects to the
earth (which is a good conductor)
 Objects are then grounded
 The earth is so large that it removes all the charge.
 Only the electrons can move.
Questions:
P.406 # 1-4
 P. 407 # 5, 7, 8.
 P.410 # 2-6.
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