Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) I May 5, 2014 Project title Spanish Curriculum for the Professions II Overview of objectives My goal was to develop ideas for practical Spanish language courses that would be of benefit to students with specific disciplinary interests, such as business and health services. The project anticipated opportunities for new curriculum at the beginning, intermediate, and advanced course levels. A complete description of the proposed project and objectives is attached to this report as Appendix 1. III Background research I targeted professional conferences and workshops so that I could gather ideas of how such coursework is developed and implemented in other colleges and universities. These clustered around my leave time and not only helped me identify the benefits and challenges of this type of curriculum, but also allowed me to make valuable contacts in the field and locate important resources commonly used. The 3 gatherings I attended were as follows: A summer institute sponsored by the Center for Advanced Research in Language Acquisition (CARLA) at the University of Minnesota. This was a week-long seminar in July 2013 on the topic of “Content-Based Instruction and Curriculum Development”. A conference organized by a charter member of the Cultures and Languages across the Curriculum (CLAC) Consortium at the University of Richmond, Virginia. The theme of this 2-day event held in September 2013 was “Growing and Sustaining CLAC Programs” at institutions of higher education. The annual conference of the Centers for International Business Education and Research (CIBER) in Park City, Utah. This 3-day meeting in April 2014 was sponsored by the Marriott School of Business at BYU and focused on “Business Language Curriculum” for foreign language instructors. I pondered these experiences in the light of our unique circumstances at BYU-Idaho and decided on what I believe is the most cost-effective way to initiate coursework that provides significant benefit to the largest number of students while drawing on existing resources. The plan I would like to pursue, in ordered sequence, is as follows: 1) Develop professional track sections of Spanish 302 (our class for returned missionaries) that will center the readings and grammar review on business and health services topics – to be taught separately. 2) Develop a professional track section of Spanish 101 (our class for beginners) in which Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-4300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 2 students learn the standard 4 language skills in the context of medical situations. 3) Develop a working template of a CLAC section (for advanced-level students) that instructors of other disciplines might consider as an add-on to their existing classes. This would be a group that discusses selected readings on the subject matter in a foreign language for credit determined by the faculty instructor, and managed by approved student team leaders in face-to-face meetings or online. IV Spanish 302 survey I prepared the survey given in Appendix 2 of this report to get a better sense of the interest current students have in a special section of this class with the content focused on business or health services topics. The survey was administered to the 4 sections of Spanish 302 taught in the Winter 14 semester. The sample size of 80 survey participants out of a total of 92 enrolled students represents a response rate of 87%. There were 55/80 students (69%) who expressed interest in this idea. Of these, 25/55 (45%) were students with business related backgrounds and 22/55 (40%) were in programs related to health services. The response from this sample of Spanish 302 students demonstrates significant interest in a special section of this class dedicated to one or the other topic. I have discussed this idea informally with my Spanish language colleagues and plan to present the idea in a section meeting this Spring semester. If I receive approval, I would like to run business and health services pilots of 302 in the coming years. This will require setting aside 1 regularly scheduled section on a given semester. We will still have several other sections to accommodate the students who need an academically-oriented class as part of their Spanish major or minor. V Textbook review A) Spanish 302 (business) I reviewed the following 4 books for their usefulness in a professional track section of Spanish 302 and provide brief observations below. Exito comercial (6th edition), in press – 2015. Doyle and Fryer, authors. Cengage Learning, publishers. Very comprehensive treatment of business practices in all of the Spanish-speaking world. Some readings, no grammar, detailed geo-political and cultural information. The focus is on conversational and writing development. This book is level-appropriate, but is more useful for a class on business taught in Spanish rather than a Spanish class with a business focus. [2nd choice] Saldo a favor, 1998. Galloway, et al., authors. Wiley and Sons, publishers. Grammar review is integrated into topical presentation of various business aspects. Good selection of related vocabulary written activities. Few authentic readings and outdated ancillary resources. This book could work for the class but would require the instructor to identify sources for readings and prepare reading and discussion activities. [3rd choice] Spanish for Business, 2003. Rush and Houston, authors. Prentice Hall, publishers. Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 3 A traditional 4-skills approach to the topic with a simplified grammar presentation in English. The vocabulary and communicative activities are very basic and there is little cultural contextualization of the business topics. This book might be used at the beginning level and would not be appropriate for returned missionaries. [4th choice] Entre socios, 2011. Carney and Coria-Sánchez, authors. McGraw Hill, publishers. Excellent selection of authentic business readings along with a good variety of pre- and post-reading activities. Vocabulary and cultural explanations are indexed to readings. Conversational and writing components are adequate and supplemented with ideas for out of class exploration online. Basic grammar review and exercises are included in an appendix. This book has it all – it has the right focus and is prepared at the right level to be challenging and useful for our students. [1st choice] B) Spanish 101 (health services) I reviewed the following 4 books for their usefulness in a professional track section of Spanish 101 and provide brief observations below. Salud!, 2012. Bender, et al., authors. Prentice Hall, publishers. An innovative program prepared by an interdisciplinary team at UNC Chapel Hill that presents medical topics around a fictional narrative presented to students on DVD. The grammar presentation has good detail, but few practice exercises. There aren’t many communicative activities and not much in the way of development of reading and writing. [3rd choice] An Introduction to Spanish for Health Care Workers (4th edition), 2013. Chase and Medina, authors. Yale University Press, publishers. This book takes a functional approach by introducing typical language that health care professionals will encounter in different situations. There are short, graded readings as well as cultural notes that tie in with the assigned vocabulary. Online resources and an accompanying DVD allow students to explore topics of interest in greater detail. Grammar explanations are minimal and will require further elaboration by the instructor. [1st choice] Medical Spanish (2nd edition), 2000. Kearon and DiLorenzo, authors. Cengage Learning, publishers. Medical topics are presented via a scripted dialogue that students hear on the CD included with the text. Traditional grammar presentations with directed practice leading into more communicative activities. The book has only very basic graphics and cultural explanations, but does well at balancing a 4-skills approach. [2nd choice] Basic Spanish for Medical Personnel (2nd edition), 2011. Jarvis and Lebredo, authors. Cengage Learning, publishers. Numerous reading and listening comprehension sections, but they follow a predictable Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 4 pattern with little variety. Thorough vocabulary and open-ended, hypothetical situations intended to develop oral skills although they are probably too advanced for 1st year students. All grammar is presented separately in an accompanying text and reinforced with online learning activities. [3rd choice] VI CLAC integration I conducted a full review of BYU-Idaho courses listed in the 2013-14 online Catalog in order to identify advanced-level classes across disciplines that might benefit from an add-on CLAC component. I chose those with descriptors that suggest an international perspective to the course content. The list of potential CLAC beneficiaries is attached as Appendix 3. VII Future developments To implement fully the 3 parts of the plan formulated in section II of this report, I intend to take the following actions: 1) Professional track sections of Spanish 302 Request approval from Spanish section faculty to set aside 1 section of 302 in Spring 15 to run the business pilot and 1 section in Winter 16 to run the health services pilot. Develop course syllabus and lesson plans prior to instruction 2) Professional track section of Spanish 101 Conduct survey in existing 101 classes to gauge interest in special section focused on health services Share results and discuss idea with Spanish group to obtain permission to teach 1 section of health services pilot in Fall 16 Develop course syllabus and lesson plans prior to instruction; as this class will appeal to the local medical community, I intend to develop this course online 3) Cross-disciplinary CLAC sections Present CLAC ideas in the Fall 14 Faculty Conference to gather feedback and input Follow up with interested faculty to generate implementation ideas Obtain higher-level approval and resources, as needed Serve as a liason in coordinating any pilots attempted Following the trial runs of any and all of the above courses, I will need to assess carefully the student and faculty response and make adjustments and elaborations accordingly. If there is sufficient satisfaction and success with the proposed classes, I will undertake to train adjuncts and student coordinators who can sustain these offerings regularly. VIII Post script I should mention 2 other significant experiences that occurred during my faculty leave, although they were not part of my proposed project. First, I attended the ACE Leadership Conference held in Miami in the second week of January 2014. The University sent a delegation Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 5 of Department Chairs from different Colleges to be trained in this intense, 2-day event. I went as our College representative and not only learned about a variety of administrative issues that Chairs must address, but also strengthened ties with my peers from other Departments on campus. Secondly, I spent some time in Chile during February for the cultural and linguistic renewal that all foreign language instructors need from time to time. This helped sharpen my communication skills and keep my knowledge of sociopolitical developments current. I give my sincere thanks to the College and University for supporting this valuable leave time and look forward to seeing the fruits of this project take shape. Respectfully submitted, Kirk Widdison Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 6 Appendix 1 – Original Faculty Leave Proposal Spanish Curriculum for the Professions General Description The purpose of this project is to develop a component of the Spanish curriculum that will address the needs of students to acquire practical language skills that relate directly to their long-term professional interests. There are three broad professional areas in which our students can benefit from a disciplinary-specific study of Spanish: Health Services, Business, and Law. My goal is to develop coursework in these areas ranging over the beginning, intermediate, and advanced levels that correlates with the curriculum in students’ majors. As a result, students will build and refine Spanish language skills relevant to their chosen fields, faculty will establish and maintain stronger interdisciplinary ties, and the university will enhance its international profile and community relations. 1) At the beginning level there is a dire need for students of the health services to acquire a working knowledge of medical Spanish that they can use in first encounters with Hispanic patients in order to provide assistance until other bilingual personnel or interpreters arrive. A special section of our 1st year Spanish class devoted to developing language skills in this field will be of great benefit to these individuals. For example, Spanish 101-102 for health care students will organize the study of basic grammar structures around important functions of professionals (greeting patients, making appointments, assessing immediate health concerns, etc.) while developing appropriate medical vocabulary to carry out these tasks. Important cultural information regarding the health care needs of the Hispanic population in the U.S. will be included as well. 2) The unique nature of our student population has resulted in a demand for intermediate-level Spanish coursework in legal and business applications. There are significant numbers of Spanish speaking returned missionaries with competency in the language who lack an appropriate outlet for their hard-earned abilities. They are less interested in our traditional curriculum centered around developing language teachers and more desirous to apply their skills to their professional pursuits. A special section of our 3rd year class (Span. 321) with an emphasis on vocabulary, writing, and cultural practices in law and business will fill this need. Sample curriculum will include the study of advanced Spanish language materials on topics such as office management, investment, marketing, banking, trade, etc. to allow students to refine their vocabulary and grammar in this field. Writing assignments will include drafting such documents as resumes, job application forms, business letters, field surveys, and others. The course will also present general principles and practices of business culture in the Latino community. 3) Much of the BYU-Idaho faculty has acquired the same Spanish language skills as returned missionaries, and our campus enjoys a presence of Spanish speaking international students as well. This provides an ideal environment for advanced-level study of Spanish culture and language across the curriculum. Coursework might consist of single credit, add-on, breakout sections in which students in a variety of academic fields could read and discuss approved Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 7 content material in Spanish for added perspective and insight into their subject. These sections will be developed by the Spanish speaking faculty in various disciplines in collaboration with the Spanish language faculty. If faculty load does not permit direct supervision of these add-on sections, approved majors who are Spanish speaking international students or RMs might serve as discussion group leaders. Such coursework will be particularly appealing to an increasing number of international studies students as well as others with interests in studying or working abroad. The specific organization and substance of these reading sections will vary across disciplines, but will parallel the curricular content of the affiliated course and offer students different ways of conceptualizing and verbalizing the subject. As participants read, ponder, and discuss selected topics in another language they not only develop the cognitive skills useful in practicing their discipline in a global marketplace and furthering their studies in international academic settings, but they also cultivate greater comparative and analytic capabilities that will enrich their university experience. How does the proposed leave or load reduction benefit students, your program, and the institution? Benefits to students Our curriculum as currently constituted serves well our Teacher Education majors and minors who learn the language skills, cultural background, grammatical knowledge, pedagogical theory, and literary heritage that will be useful to them in academic settings. However, the majority of our students are non-teaching Spanish minors who desire to use their Spanish outside of the classroom. At present we have roughly 230 such students as follows: # of minors 65 Possible professional path Business Major Business Management, Accounting, Financial Economics, Computer Info. Technology, Horticulture, *International Studies 65 Health services Biology, Health Science, Physics Psychology, Chemistry, Health Care Administration, Exercise Science, Exercise Physiology 85 Legal Political Science, Sociology, History, Humanities, University Studies, English, *International Studies 15 Other Art, Music, etc. *Half of the International Studies students were assumed to be following a Business path and the other half a Legal path. Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 8 While the assumptions made in correlating majors with possible professional paths may not be entirely accurate, I believe they are representative of the likely interests of our non-teaching minors. It is likely that the potential interest is much greater than shown here as there are many majors, such as Nursing, Paramedicine, Public Health, Marketing, Agribusiness, Criminology, etc, whose students are not currently declared Spanish minors but would also benefit from practical Spanish coursework in their content areas. Many of them are in demanding majors that don’t allow for an extensive study of Spanish but could derive great benefit from an appropriate class targeted to their needs. Benefits to our program With the proposed modifications, the Spanish non-teaching minor will provide a more meaningful experience to many of our students and thus fulfill one of our program objectives to help them “prepare for the lifelong use of their language skills in their homes, in their employment, and in the Church.” Since the proposed curricular additions at the beginning and intermediate levels involve alternative sections of existing classes they might form the basis of a “professional track”, a useful refinement of the minor. The advanced-level single-credit reading and discussion sections proposed here will actually add value to the programs of the various disciplines that implement them. Students might be given the option of counting this type of credit individually as part of the program in which it is offered or they could cluster 2 or 3 of these experiences in place of one of the required culture or reading classes currently in our minor (350, 441, 451). Benefits to the university This project is in harmony with many of the initiatives that BYU-Idaho is pursuing, such as the development of modularity in our curriculum, greater collaboration among faculty through interdisciplinary efforts, and internationalization of our academic offerings. A few content specific Spanish classes will not only allow our minors to focus their language skills in a meaningful way, but might also serve as stand alone options to enhance the professional training of other students too busy to pursue the minor. In developing such classes I will consult with my colleagues across the disciplines to determine what topics, situations, vocabulary, and skills their majors will find most useful in their careers. This will help me locate textbooks, identify appropriate resources, prepare course materials, and organize the curriculum in such a way as to be of maximum benefit to their students. For the advanced-level breakout sections there is an additonal opportunity for collaboration by inviting faculty with Spanish language skills to oversee the reading and discussion that takes place in their courses. If the faculty were too busy for direct involvement in such advanced-level add-on sections to their classes, we might manage them following other university initiatives such as by using competent and approved student leaders in a face to face setting or having these qualified students do the same in an online discussion group or in some kind of hybrid class structure. As we train students to apply their Spanish language skills to their professional pursuits they will be better prepared for study abroad and foreign internship experiences and will represent the university better in a global marketplace. There is a further opportunity for the university to improve community outreach if Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 9 such classes are delivered so that in-service professionals, particularly in health services, could take the beginning and possibly intermediate level classes. I am aware of significant interest in such training from many who work at Madison Memorial Hospital and other medical clinics in Rexburg. What will be the specific outcomes from this leave? 1) Creation of a network of faculty colleagues in targeted disciplines whose input will guide my efforts 2) Formulation of outlines for beginning-, intermediate-, and advanced-level classes, including learning objectives, topics to be covered, potential learning activities, and published and online resources to be considered 3) Preparation of a curricular proposal to integrate such courses into the Spanish minor 4) Establishment of dialogue with local health professionals (and possibly law enforcement) to assess accurately community interest in proposed classes What kind of public review, exhibition, or performance is planned and what access will students have to that? The curricular proposal (outcome 3) will be discussed initially among the Spanish language faculty and subsequently submitted for review by the curriculum review committees at the college and university levels. The ideas discussed with faculty across campus (outcome 1) and interested local professionals (outcome 4) might be formalized into a learning community and possibly shared more broadly in a forum such as the pre-semester faculty conference (most likely in Fall 2014) or a brown bag workshop. Once the proposed classes are sufficiently organized (outcome 2), I will seek permission to pilot them with interested students. What intellectual or personal property will be produced in conjunction with the Learning Fellowship? The beginning- and intermediate-level classes that stress language skills development and refinement in a professional context will likely adopt existing published and online texts and resources as their core. The primary materials for the advanced-level classes will consist of Spanish language content related to the topics these breakout sections are covering from reliable and approved professional sources as identified by the supervision instructor. Supplementary materials, activities, and assessments produced for all of these courses will be treated the same as those corresponding to already established classes taught by faculty. Does this involve other faculty? Collaboration with other faculty and local professionals is central to my plan (outcomes 1 and 4), although none are directly responsible for carrying out this proposal. To the extent that I am successful in engaging those who work with students in the indicated professional areas, the Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 10 proposed classes will be more effective in advancing academic goals of mutual interest and more meaningful to the students. Does this involve students? In formulating Spanish language content that will be practical for professional purposes, input from students as well as from recent graduates will supplement well what supervising faculty suggest. Surveying students during the planning stage as well as gathering their comments and feedback during the piloting stage will be important in delivering content oriented language instruction of greatest value. I might request the assistance of a student researcher to design, carry out, and compile the results of faculty, student, and community surveys. Additionally, I will enlist the help of student technology specialists to help with the online component of course design and resource development. Student discussion leaders will be an integral part of the advanced-level discussion sections, thus providing ongoing opportunities for involvement. Describe how the outcomes above will have a life beyond the leave. Increased collaboration through interdisciplinary efforts within and without the university (outcomes 1 and 4) creates better relations and synergy that open new doors of opportunity for future ventures. The coursework itself and proposed program change (objectives 2 and 3) coincide well with the direction our department has taken in recent years by envisioning foreign language learning not as an end unto itself, but rather as a means of creating a complementary skill set that has practical application in various professional fields. Once the beginning- and intermediate-level classes are established adjuncts and instructors can gain sufficient familiarity with the content areas so that the continued offering of this curriculum does not depend on a single faculty member. Moreover, the advanced-level Spanish language discussion sections of classes in various disciplines could serve as a model of what might be done in other languages where student and faculty expertise exists (Portuguese, Chinese?). Describe how this leave will enhance your ability in the use of the Learning Model. Students are more naturally engaged in learning to the extent that they are able to make connections between their experiences. Similarly, I am excited about this project because it will allow me to build bridges that help faculty see more clearly how our disciplines can and should work together to produce the best quality of student possible. The learning and teaching one another that I experience as I work through these ideas in collaboration with colleagues will be invaluable as I attempt to implement the same environment among students. Conceptualization of this project is an outgrowth of life-long learning as I have applied my competency in Spanish to other specialized interests – a bachellor’s degree in economics, certification as interpreter of medical spanish, and free-lance translation work for the business and social service sectors. Through the curricular changes contemplated in this project I hope to be able to inspire students to ponder and prove the integration of Spanish with their professional pursuits as I have done. Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 11 Addendum Conditional Approval [1/3/2013] Kirk Widdison --- Why this was conditionally approved: Excellent idea and a well-prepared proposal, great opportunity for students, implementation appears to be doable with existing resources --- What needs to be done in order to have this approved: only one question was raised, what will the impact be of this on existing enrollments? will this new professional track split enrollments with the Education track and cause partially filled sections in each? --- Kirk should confer with Scott Galer on that question and create a response that addresses that issue --- his response does not need to be sent to your FDC but can be sent directly to you (for your comments) and then to Kelly --- should be no problem making the Winter 2014 target Response to Conditional Approval – 1/18/2013 The new coursework resulting from this project (Outcome 2, p. 4) targets students at the beginning, intermediate and advanced levels (General description, items 1-3, pp. 1-2). The courses created at the beginning and intermediate levels will consist of new sections of Spanish 101 (for students of Health Services) and 302 (for students of Business) respectively. Both of these classes are high-demand, multiple-section courses. In recent semesters, enrollments in Spanish 101 have run at capacity for 5 face-to-face sections and 2 online sections. Likewise, we regularly fill to capacity 5 traditional sections of Spanish 302 and a newly initiated online section of this class is building enrollment. Instructors of some of these sections often add students beyond capacity and most sections generate online waiting lists. The idea presented is to reserve one of the existing sections of 101 and 302 for professional track students during the pilot stage as suggested. The expected effect will be a redirecting of the student population such that those with professional interests will opt for the newly created section while the remaining students with educational objectives will continue to fill the remaining sections as before. If students respond well and greater demand for these professional oriented sections arises, we might offer more of these sections and fewer of the education-based ones. Although initially student response may cause purely distributional changes in the current number of sections offered for 101 and 302, there is a chance that the more specialized sections of these classes may increase demand for them: students in these fields who don’t take these classes currently might find them more appealing as they recognize their greater utility. Whether we maintain the baseline of sections offered at present or expand them should not affect adversely the other sections offered to our teacher education students. Subsequent elaboration of a new professional track of such courses (Outcome 3, p. 4) would only occur if such piloting yields a positive response across the disciplines. The type of advanced-level “break-out” sections proposed here are entirely new offerings that would be added onto existing classes in varying professional fields. They would allow for a minimal amount of optional credit (1 hour) that students might earn in conjunction with existing classes. The model wherein international students or returned missionaries with advanced standing in those disciplines, and instructor approval, conduct these sessions will not affect the faculty workload to any measurable degree. Faculty buy-in is crucial for these new sections to Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 12 develop, but will remain completely optional. The expectation is that instructors will see the value of such student-faculty collaboration, as well as the enriched understanding that student participants will gain, and will welcome the opportunity. Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) May 5, 2014 Page 13 Appendix 2 – Spanish 302 Survey Appendix 3 – Potential CLAC courses Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300 Faculty Leave Report – Kirk Widdison (Winter 2014) Art 202 Art 305 Art 400 Art 403 Bio 475 B 380 B 466 Ag Bus 410 Ag Bus 460 Econ 358 Geog 321 Geog 350 HS 480 Hist 310 Hist 330 Hist 340 Hum 202 IntSt 300 IntSt 341-50 Poly Sci 170 Poly Sci 372 Poly Sci 375 Psych 311 Soc 411 TA 402 May 5, 2014 Page 14 Art History Meso-American Art [Art History] Readings 19th Century Art Evolutionary Science Introduction to International Business Global Sourcing Agricultural Policy and Trade Global Food and Agricultural Business Management International Economics Geography of Developing Nations Cultural Geography International Health Modern European History The Far East Latin America West Culture: Renaissance – Modern Cultural Paradigms Area Culture Studies International Politics Advanced Theory of International Relations International Law and Organization History and Systems of Psychology Global Conflicts and Terrorism Theater History 2 Department of Languages & International Studies • 450 Smith Building • Rexburg, ID 83460-.0825 • 208-496-7300