• SCIENCE
• Analysis: ask questions, look for patterns, develop knowledge
• Produce knowledge
• Characteristic activity: research ( learn about nature)
• Study of what is
• Tryscience.org
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienc e
• taken from “ Engineering: How is it related to
Science ,Technology, math, and Society?” –
Dr. Alexander Flueck. Illinois Institute of
Technology
• ENGINEERING
• Synthesis: integrate bits of knowledge to create something new
• Produce processes and things
(part of technology)
• Characteristic activity: creative design
• Study of what never was
• Tryengineering.org
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eng ineering

• Just as science is divided into separate fields such as biology, chemistry and physics, engineering is divided into a variety of disciplines. The five largest engineering disciplines are chemical, civil, electrical, industrial and mechanical.
Engineers within all of these disciplines can work in product-oriented companies, government, or academia.

Aerospace Engineering Aerospace engineers design, analyze, model, simulate, and test aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, missiles, and rockets. Aerospace technology also extends to many other applications of objects moving within gases or liquids. Examples are golf balls, high-speed trains, hydrofoil ships, or tall buildings in the wind. Aerospace engineers are typically specialists in fields with fancy names such as aerodynamics, propulsion, navigation, flight testing, and more.
Biomedical Engineering This is an interdisciplinary field combining mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineering to study the human body. Biomedical
Engineers study biology and medicine to develop technologies related to health care. They develop medical diagnostic machines, medical instruments, artificial organs, joint replacement parts, and prosthetic devices. http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr

Chemical Engineering Chemical
Engineers use their knowledge of physics, chemistry, and biology to discover and manufacture better plastics, paints, fuels, fibers, medicines, fertilizers, semiconductors, paper, and all other kinds of chemicals, by carrying out chemical reactions and purifications.
Civil Engineering The design and construction of buildings, dams, water treatment and carrying systems, air pollution controls, and transportation systems are the responsibilities of civil engineers. Subheadings of civil engineering include: geotechnical, environmental, structural, transportation, materials, and project management . http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr

Computer Science and Engineering Computer scientists and engineers are involved in the development of both hardware and software for computers. They work on computer-related systems like CD-ROMs, modems and monitors, as well as cutting-edge projects including robotics and virtual reality systems.
Environmental Engineering Keeping the water, air and soil healthy are the responsibilities of environmental engineers. To accomplish this goal they deal with issues including waste management, pollution control and irrigation.
Electrical Engineering Electrical engineering deals with electricity, magnetism, and light and how it is used.
Electrical engineers are found in a variety of companies including the computer, communications , and automotive industries. http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr

Mechanical Engineering Engineers within this discipline tend to focus on one of three aspects of mechanical engineering; design, manufacturing, or energy/power. Cars, airplanes and toys are just a few of the areas in which mechanical engineers work.
Petroleum Engineering Petroleum engineers study the earth to find oil and gas reservoirs.
They design oil wells, storage tanks, and transportation systems. They supervise the construction and operation of oil and gas fields.
Petroleum engineers are researching new technologies to allow more oil and gas to be extracted from each well. They help supply the world's need for energy and chemical raw materials.
Taken from
: http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr
and www.discoverengineering.org

• How much do
Engineers make???
• Well, let's start out by stating that money should never be the only factor for choosing a career.
What if you end up hating your job?!?! Even if you're well paid, remember that money can't buy happiness!
•discoverengineering.org

2005 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.
Curriculum Bachelor's Master's Ph.D.
Aerospace/aeronauti cal/astronautical
Agricultural
Bioengineering & biomedical
Chemical
Civil
Computer
Electrical/electronics
& communications
Environmental/envir onmental health
$50,993
46,172
48,503
53,813
43,679
52,464
51,888
47,384
Industrial/manufactu ring
Materials
Mechanical
Mining & mineral
Nuclear
Petroleum
49,567
50,982
50,236
48,643
51,182
61,516 http://www.bls.gov/oco/oco1002.htm
$62,930
53,022
59,667
57,260
48,050
60,354
64,416
56,561
59,880
58,814
58,000
$72,529
79,591
59,625
69,625
80,206
85,000
68,299

•
• What hours do engineers work?
• Most engineers work weekdays,
Monday through Friday. That's what some people would call a 'day job'.
Typically they work from 8 to 10 hours per day. There are some companies that have very flexible work schedules such that their engineers come in for some 8hour period during the day (say from 6 p.m. to 2 a.m.)! Sometimes engineers work at a job site where something is happening 24 hours a day and they work a 'shift' schedule. Usually these assignments are temporary, such as for a new plant startup.
•discoverengineering.org

• How long do engineers have to go to school?
• Engineers need a minimum of a college Bachelor's degree.
That means they must finish high school and typically four years of college. A few engineering programs take five years. A college degree could take longer if you only attend college part time or perhaps attend during evenings.
•discoverengineering.org

• How can I become an engineer?
• First you will need a college degree. After that, many engineers seek a Professional
Engineer (P.E.) license. It helps to begin preparations for all this at the middle school levels. Where possible, choose a well-rounded mix of classes with emphasis on math and science. Taken from discoverengineering.org

• If you have further questions regarding becoming an engineer please visit
• http://www.engineeringk12.org/students/de fault.htm

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• These are images from the 2003 NorthAmerican
Blackout
• a massive power outage occurred throughout parts of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada on
Thursday, August 14 , 2003 . It was the largest blackout in
North American history. It affected an estimated 10 million people in the Canadian province of Ontario (about one-third of the population of Canada), and 40 million people in eight U.S. states (about one-seventh of the population of the U.S.). Outage-related financial losses were estimated at $6 billion USD.
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_US-Canada_blackout

NYC
Toronto
Detroit
Effects
Cleveland
Ottawa
Population of Major Cities affected at a glance
City
Number of people affected
21,100,000
5,600,000
5,400,000
2,900,000
780,000 of
1,120,000*
1,100,000 Buffalo
Rochester
Hamilton
London
Toledo
Windsor
Estimated Total
[5] ( http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/poweroutage/numbers.ht
ml )
1,050,000
680,000
350,000
310,000
208,000
50,000,000

• So HOW did this happen and more importantly how can we keep this from happening again?
• These are exactly the type of problems engineers work to solve.
• HOMEWORK: Answer the following
• What is the power grid? How is it organized? What causes the power grid to fail during a blackout?