Brainstorm a list of what you value.
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The widely-shared beliefs, values, and norms that
citizens share about their government.
1.Equality
2.Justice
3.Tolerance
4.Self Reliance
5.Community
6.Freedom
7.Democracy
8.Stability
9.Security
10.Cooperation
Employment
Freedom from unfair
competition
Housing,
Medical care,
Education, Social security
One party does not
control executive and
Legislative branches
Effect
Partisanship, Gridlock, Frustration
Vietnam
“I am not a
crook”
Cost of Elections
Democrats
Republicans
Watergate
Divided Gov.
Clinton/Lewinsky
What impact can a declining external political efficacy have
on political behavior and why?
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•Abundant and fertile land
•Property Rights
•Countless opportunities to acquire land/make
living
•Lack of feudal society
•Independent spirit
•To adapt Gov. to time and place
Today, would De Tocqueville believe that our democracy is
still on the right course?
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Process in which people acquire their political beliefs
(ideology: conservative/liberal)
•Strongest
•Fairly equal influence of mother and father
•When differ, associate with closest parent
•Impact of growing number of Independents
•Higher income More conservative
and supportive of Republicans
•Lower incomes- More liberal and
supportive of Democrats
•Conflicting results
•More education, more conservative
•College students more liberal
than general population
•Most prestigious- most liberal
Whites: More conservative (more Republican)
Blacks: More liberal (strongest support of
Democratic Party) >90%
Hispanics: Cubans v. Mexican Americans
Asians:
•Protestant: More conservative generally
•Evangelicals more on social issues and econ
•Catholic: Traditionally more liberal (Economic)
than on social issues (Abortion issue)
•Jewish: Most liberal (Strong support for the
Democratic Party)
•1900’sconservative
•1992 Year of the Woman
•Clinton and Soccer Moms
•Gender Gap: Sex sensitive issues, compare to past
•Security Moms
•NASCAR Dads
•Coastal Cities: environment
•Urban areas: immigrants,
minorities
•Solid South
•Rust Belt
•Rural areas
(religion?)
(Voting is a linkage institution,
interest groups,political parties &
media)
•Registration (motor voter Bill)
•Long Ballot: Excessive number of
issues to vote on
•Type of election: General, Primary,
midterm, state, delegates
•Difficulty in obtaining absentee ballots
•Too many elections: Ballot fatigue
•Weekday, non-holiday voting
•Lack of political efficacy
•Dissatisfaction with candidates, parties, etc.
•Weakness of parties’ ability to mobilize voters
Don’t like either,
so why vote?
•Level of Education: Level of edu. Highest predictor
•Income: High vs. Low
•Age: 18-24 lowest 45 and up highest
•Race: White vs. minorities
•Cross-cutting cleavages
•Religious Involvement
More Gov.
More
Gov.
Less
Gov.
Less Gov.
Comparison with other
countries
Why?
Suffrage Qualifications
State Legislatures eliminated these
15th Amend
19th Amend.
24th
Amend.
Voting Rights Act 1965
26th Amend.
•Property restrictions (Andrew Jackson)
•Race: 15th Amendment
•Women: 19th Amendment
•Income: 24th Amendment
•Literacy: Voting Rights Act of 1965
•Minimum age of 18: 26th Amendment
Less voting
power per
person
In your opinion, what is the single most influential reason for
not voting?
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Issue
Liberal Position
Conservative Position
Health Care
It’s a right, government
health plan
It’s a privilege, private plan,
national clearinghouse for
insurance, H.S.A.
Crime/Punish
Rehabilitation, no Capital
Punishment
Eye for an eye, Capital
Punishment
Business Reg.
Regulation on
businesses
Free market solutions,
deregulation
Military
Spending
Decrease spending,
smaller military
Increase spending, larger
military
Taxes
Tax increase on wealthy,
progressive tax
Tax cuts, regressive tax, flat
tax
Welfare
Expand welfare,
medicare, medicaid,
social security
Faith based initiatives,
privatize social security
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Elect Party Chair
Pick a name and symbol that represents what you stand for in your
party. Explain how this represents you
Create a seniority list
Pick plank topics
Assign planks to party members
Write planks due in 30 minutes
Prepare your speech
Have symbol drawn and ready for the speech
Prepare Presentation
a. Attention Getter
Anecdote
b. Thesis or Catch Phrase
RENEWING
AMERICA’S
PROMISE
c. Support Materials
Treats, signs, music…
They must be
persuasive to sway
votes on legislation
Pled guilty on
January 3, 2006, to
three criminal felony
counts
Cannot be denied the right to vote due to
your race, color or previous condition of
servitude.
If you have the right to vote in state
Direct Election
ofthe
Senators
elections,
you have
right to vote in
1913 elections. Direct Election of
federal
Representatives
Women cannot be denied the right to vote.
Outlawed the poll tax
Can vote if you are age 18 or older (1971)
• Passed in 1964
• Outlawed
discrimination in job
hiring, voting, and
unfair registration
requirements.
• Was not enforced,
had no “teeth”
• Selma, Alabama:
MLK Jr. led a
registration drive
that was met with
resistance.
• Gave “teeth” to 15th
Amendment and
Civil Rights Act
• Applies to all
elections
• Outlawed poll tax
and suspended
literacy test
requirements, and
gave federal officers
oversight power.
The right to vote
• Straight: Voting for
one party on the
entire ballot to stay
within party lines.
• Split: Voting for each
candidate
individually,
regardless of
affiliation.
• Identify one of the numbered regions with strong support
for the Democratic presidential candidate and identify
and explain one factor that contributes to that support.
• Identify one of the numbered regions with strong support
for the Republican presidential candidate and identify
and explain one factor that contributes to that support.
Elections in the United States are
characterized by low voter turnout.
• Discuss two demographic
characteristics associated with
nonvoting
• Discuss two institutional obstacles
associated with nonvoting.
Issue
Democrats
Republicans
Social Spending
Pro
Anti
Military
Spending
Budget Deficit
Anti
Pro
Balanced Budget
Tax Cuts
Pro Spending
Pro Public
Schools
Pro Teachers
Unions
Anti Spending
Pro School
Choice
Pro Teacher
Testing
Education
Democratic
Republican
Life Style
Liberal Freedom
Abortion
Pro Choice
Traditional
Values
Pro Life
Gay Rights
Pro
Anti
Gun Control
Pro
Anti
Environment
Energy
Unions
Pro Environment Pro Big Business
Pro-Alternative
Sources
Pro
Pro Big Energy
Companies
Anti
Traditionally
Dem. Switched
to Republican
Southerners
Farmers
Democrats
Republicans
Union members
Business owners
Minorities
White
Jewish, Catholic
Protestant
Urban Dwellers
Suburban
Dwellers
Rural Dwellers
Economic
Conservatives
Free Market
Economic
Liberals
Third Party
• Created for a specific cause or issue
• Usually an offshoot of a major party
Third Party Election Results
• 1912Bull Moose/ Progressives
27.5 %
– Teddy roosevelt
• 1924 Progressives
16.6%
– LaFollette
• 1968 American Independ.
13.5%
– Wallace
• 1992 Reform
18.9%
– Perot
• 2000 Green
2.7%
– Nader
• 2004 Green
1.0%
open secrets
Campaign Reform Act:
McCain/Feingold
Money going directly to a candidate
$2,000 or PAC $5,000
Promotes a Cause,
not limited. Super
PACs